Monday, March 28, 2016

The Irrawaddy Magazine

The Irrawaddy Magazine


New Chief Minister of Rangoon Looks to Improve Infrastructure

Posted: 28 Mar 2016 05:54 AM PDT

A line of vehicles drive through Shwegontai junction, one of the busiest junctions in the city, Rangoon, July 3, 2013. (Photo: Soe Zeya Tun / Reuters)

A line of vehicles drive through Shwegontai junction, one of the busiest junctions in the city, Rangoon, July 3, 2013. (Photo: Soe Zeya Tun / Reuters)

RANGOON — Rangoon's new chief minister said Monday he will focus on using local and foreign investment to ramp up the development of infrastructure in Burma's commercial capital.

A lawmaker for Hlegu Township, Phyo Min Thein was appointed Chief Minister of Rangoon by the National League for Democracy (NLD) during a divisional parliament session on Monday. He was elected to the Union Parliament's Lower House in Burma's 2012 by-election and went on to serve as a member of that chamber's banking and finance development committee. Last year, he set his sights on regional governance, successfully contesting his Hlegu Township seat at the divisional level.

Phyo Min Thein told reporters after Monday's session that he would try to alleviate Rangoon's problems regarding traffic congestion and the city's flawed drainage system, as well as address challenges faced by foreign investors.

Nay Phone Latt, a Rangoon divisional lawmaker for Thingangyun Township, said he welcomes Phyo Min Thein as the new chief minister and supports his ambitions.

"Traffic jams in Rangoon should be a priority. He [Phyo Min Thein] should also look again at the previous government's quick approval of the privatization of lands and buildings [in Rangoon]. The previous government hired or sold these lands and buildings over a short period of time. This should be checked," Nay Phone Latt said.

"[Phyo Min Thein] should also talk with businessmen here about creating jobs for young people," he added.

Naing Ngan Lin, a Thaketa Township lawmaker, echoed these sentiments.

"If [Phyo Min Thein] can improve the poor drainage system in Rangoon, that will also solve other problems, such as flooding, traffic jams due to flooding and litter [on the streets], and it would also help to improve people's health," Naing Ngan Lin said.

In a statement released on Monday, the Yangon Heritage Trust also said that it "looks forward" to working with the new regional administration.

The organization's chairman, Thant Myint-U, said he is "confident that [Phyo Min Thein] will be a strong supporter of proper urban planning and conservation."

With a population of more than five million people, Rangoon is the largest of Burma's 14 divisions and states, and it is also the country's historic and commercial capital.

The region's former chief minister, Myint Swe, will serve as the military-appointed vice president in the new national administration in Naypyidaw, alongside President-elect Htin Kyaw and Vice President-elect Henry Van Thio of the NLD.

The post New Chief Minister of Rangoon Looks to Improve Infrastructure appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

El Niño Drought Tipped, Charities Mobilize Water Works

Posted: 28 Mar 2016 05:36 AM PDT

A man carries water in drought-hit Sagaing Division on March 23. (Photo: Zaw Zaw / The Irrawaddy)

A man carries water in drought-hit Sagaing Division on March 23. (Photo: Zaw Zaw / The Irrawaddy)

RANGOON — As the arid region of Central Burma is already feeling the effects of an El Niño year that may not see the climate cycle reach full strength for another two months, local charities are gearing up to distribute water in regions that receive little rain even under normal circumstances.

Meteorologist Tun Lwin says upcountry regions, including Sagaing, Mandalay and Magwe divisions, will suffer most from the weather phenomenon, especially in April and May.

"These areas will experience water scarcity three times harder than last year," he told The Irrawaddy.

Local charities like the Brighter Future Myanmar Foundation, the philanthropic arm of the Kanbawza (KBZ) Group conglomerate, has been digging wells in Shan State and Upper Burma, and says it has spent 1.4 billion kyats (US$1.15 million) to import 32 water bowsers for distributing drinking water in drought-hit areas of Upper Burma.

"The bowsers are aimed at distributing water in Upper Burma with the collaboration of local charities there. Our foundation contributed 12 while other well-wishers donated 20," Nang Lang Kham, the chairwoman of the foundation, told The Irrawaddy.

"We hope to start our water distribution in early April, as soon as the bowsers arrive," she added.

Kyaw Thu, founder of Rangoon's Free Funeral Service Society, said his Kyaw Thu Humanitarian Network had also ordered three bowsers from China to deliver drinking water not only in upcountry areas but also to Lower Burma. The network is now primarily working on potable water projects such as the digging of wells, in affiliation with the Brighter Future Myanmar Foundation.

"We could start this week for Pakkoku, Kyauk Padaung in Upper Burma, Irrawaddy Division as well as near Rangoon in the lower part of the country," he said.

Beginning earlier this year, villages especially in Upper Burma have been grappling with water scarcities, prompting the government's Village Administration Department to ask for donations across the country for drought-hit areas.

The post El Niño Drought Tipped, Charities Mobilize Water Works appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

USDP Leader Given 6-Month Jail Sentence for Fake Suu Kyi Nude

Posted: 28 Mar 2016 05:30 AM PDT

Than Tun was sentenced to six months in prison under Burma's Telecommunications Law on March 28, 2016. (Photo: Salai Thant Zin / The Irrawaddy)

Than Tun was sentenced to six months in prison under Burma's Telecommunications Law on March 28, 2016. (Photo: Salai Thant Zin / The Irrawaddy)

PATHEIN, Irrawaddy Division — A Union Solidarity and Development Party (USDP) official was sentenced to six months in prison with hard labor for sharing fake, altered images of the head of pro-democracy icon Aung San Suu Kyi transposed onto the body of a naked woman.

After a four-month trial in Irrawaddy Division's Kangyidaunt Township, the local court pronounced the joint secretary of the township USDP office, Than Tun, guilty under Article 66(d) of Burma's Telecommunications Law on Monday, after he shared the doctored photo of the pro-democracy leader, accompanied by vulgar text, online.

"What else can I do?" Than Tun asked The Irrawaddy following the verdict. "It is the court's decision. I have not decided whether to appeal or not yet."

Shared by Facebook user "Thu Thu" on Sept. 2, the image quickly stirred up controversy. Sithu Aung, a volunteer with the Hand to Hand Free Education Network, filed the lawsuit against Than Tun in October, alleging that he was the owner of the account.

"I am satisfied with the punishment. I think justice is served," said Sithu Aung, the plaintiff.

Monday's verdict is just the latest in a number of punishments handed out during outgoing President Thein Sein's administration under the Telecommunications Law.

In December, National League for Democracy (NLD) supporter Chaw Sandi Tun was sentenced to six months in jail for sharing a photo on Facebook that likened newly redesigned Burma Army uniforms to apparel worn by Suu Kyi.

Kachin aid worker Patrick Khum Jaa Lee was also given a six-month sentence in January for allegedly sharing a photo of a man dressed in traditional Kachin attire stomping on Burma Army chief Snr-Gen Min Aung Hlaing.

The Telecommunications Law carries penalties of up to three years in prison for using a telecommunications network to extort, threaten, obstruct, defame, disturb, inappropriately influence or intimidate.

The post USDP Leader Given 6-Month Jail Sentence for Fake Suu Kyi Nude appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

NCA Signatories Form Team to Steer Future Peace Process

Posted: 28 Mar 2016 01:31 AM PDT

 Representatives of the Delegation for Ethnic Armed Organizations Unity at a meeting between the delegation and members of the Delegation for Political Negotiation on March 27, 2016. (Photo: Kyaw Kha / The Irrawaddy)

Representatives of the Delegation for Ethnic Armed Organizations Unity at a meeting between the delegation and members of the Delegation for Political Negotiation on March 27, 2016. (Photo: Kyaw Kha / The Irrawaddy)

CHIANG MAI, Thailand — Signatories to Burma's so-called nationwide ceasefire agreement (NCA) have formed a new group to engage in the peace process with the incoming National League for Democracy (NLD) government.

The eight non-state armed groups that signed the NCA with outgoing President Thein Sein's government met at a summit in Chiang Mai, Thailand, and formed the Ethnic Armed Organizations Peace Process Steering Team (EAO PPST) on Saturday. The team intends to provide leadership for the eight signatories during future peace talks.

"The team was formed to provide guidance in shaping policies and making important decisions," said Khun Okkar, a spokesperson for the summit.

The Karen National Union (KNU) chairman, Gen. Mutu Say Poe, will act as the team leader; Lt-Gen Yawd Serk, chairman of the Restoration Council of Shan State (RCSS), will serve as his deputy; and leaders of the NCA signatory groups will join the team as members.

PPST will continue with Union Peace Dialogue Joint Committee (UPDJC) and Joint Monitoring Committee (JMC) initiatives implemented during Thein Sein's administration, and engage in the peace process with the new government.

Phado Kwe Htoo Win, general secretary of the KNU, said he did not think the establishment of the team would be an obstacle to negotiations with the United Nationalities Federal Council (UNFC), a block of nine ethnic non-signatories of the NCA.

Statements issued throughout the summit acknowledged the need for inclusive representation of all ethnic armed groups at each stage of a political dialogue begun on Jan. 12.

"It would be extremely difficult to build complete peace without the involvement of all armed revolutionary organizations," said Pu Zing Cung, chairman of the Chin National Front (CNF).

The Delegation for Political Negotiation (DPN), representing the UNFC, and the Delegation for Ethnic Armed Organizations Unity (DEU), representing the signatories of the NCA, held an informal meeting in Chiang Mai on Sunday, but the gathering failed to deliver concrete results.

"We've discussed informally what we can do for signatories and non-signatories of the NCA to work together, and how to restore unity between us," Khaing Soe Naing Aung, the lead negotiator for the DEU, told reporters.

According to some attendees, the two sides are likely to meet again in April and political analysts suggest that the two sides may develop their peace policies based on the policy of the incoming government, which is believed to be announced by NLD President-elect Htin Kyaw in his inaugural address to the people after the power handover on March 30.

The post NCA Signatories Form Team to Steer Future Peace Process appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

ANP Stages Walkout Over NLD Chief Minister for Arakan State

Posted: 28 Mar 2016 01:12 AM PDT

 Lawmakers from the Arakan National Party are pictured wearing black stickers on Monday at the regional legislature in Sittwe. (Photo: Rakhine Times / Facebook)

Lawmakers from the Arakan National Party are pictured wearing black stickers on Monday at the regional legislature in Sittwe. (Photo: Rakhine Times / Facebook)

RANGOON — Weeks of political wrangling came to a head on Monday morning when about two dozen lawmakers from the Arakan National Party (ANP) walked out on a sitting of the Arakan State legislature in protest of the appointment of a National League for Democracy (NLD) parliamentarian, Nyi Pu, to the state's chief minister post.

The ANP's Kyaw Lwin, representing Kyaukphu Township's constituency No. 1, told The Irrawaddy that the decision was in keeping with a party pledge to act in opposition to the NLD if the party of Aung San Suu Kyi failed to nominate an ANP lawmaker for chief minister. The ANP, which holds 23 seats in the 47-member regional legislature, has made the case that its electoral success last year had earned it the chief minister post.

ANP legislators wore black stickers on their jackets during Monday's parliamentary session.

"Black is a symbol of sadness, so we affixed it to show that the negligence of the NLD makes us upset," Kyaw Lwin said.

The Arakan Liberation Party, the political wing of the ethnic armed group known as the Arakan Liberation Army, released a statement on Sunday similarly demanding that the ANP be given the reins of regional governance in Arakan State.

On Thursday, NLD chairwoman Suu Kyi hosted a meeting in Naypyidaw with ANP representatives, discussing the regional leadership quandary among other Arakan State affairs.

There had, apparently, been hope that the ANP's demand would be met by the NLD, despite the latter's insistence that it would appoint its members to all 14 chief ministerial slots. A report in Sunday's state-run Global New Light of Myanmar said the two parties were due to meet "at the end of March," to discuss the appointment. It was unclear on Monday whether talks would go forward as planned.

State lawmakers have little ability to reject a chief minister nominee, with the Constitution ensuring presidential appointment "unless it can clearly be proved that the person concerned does not meet the qualifications of the Chief Minister of the Region or State."

Several protests have been staged in Arakan State in recent days, urging the NLD, which on Nov. 8 won large majorities across most of the country but not in Arakan State, to select an ANP chief minister.

During a protest on Sunday in Buthidaung Township, demonstrators held signs with the words "Don't point to the Constitution," in reference to the NLD's assertion that it is constitutionally empowered to choose the nation's chief ministers. Article 261 of the charter affords this privilege to the president, Suu Kyi confidante Htin Kyaw, who was selected by the party chairwoman this month to serve as her proxy.

Last week, demonstrators in the state capital Sittwe carried signs declaring, "Unwanted governance system."

Further demonstrations in the state are planned for this week. Suu Kyi reportedly conveyed concern in her Thursday meeting with ANP representatives that the recent protests could jeopardize a fragile transfer of power that culminates at the end of this month.

The chief ministers for 13 of Burma's 14 states and divisions were announced at sessions of the respective regional legislatures on Monday. All of the posts were filled by NLD lawmakers.

The post ANP Stages Walkout Over NLD Chief Minister for Arakan State appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

All-NLD Lineup as 13 of 14 Chief Ministers Revealed

Posted: 28 Mar 2016 12:03 AM PDT

Irrawaddy Division's regional parliament is pictured meeting on Monday, March 28, 2016, as Burma's state and division chief ministers were announced simultaneously across the country. (Photo: Salai Thant Zin / The Irrawaddy)

Irrawaddy Division's regional parliament is pictured meeting on Monday, March 28, 2016, as Burma's state and division chief ministers were announced simultaneously across the country. (Photo: Salai Thant Zin / The Irrawaddy)

RANGOON — Thirteen of Burma's 14 regional chief ministers were officially announced at respective state and division parliaments on Monday morning.

All of the incoming regional heads are National League for Democracy (NLD) members appointed by the country's President-elect, Htin Kyaw.

Among them are two women—Nang Khin Htwe Myint and Lae Lae Maw—for Karen State and Tenasserim Division, respectively, making them the first female chief ministers in Burma.

Rangoon will see Phyo Min Thein in the chief minister role, while Zaw Myint Maung, the NLD's official spokesperson, will hold the position in Mandalay.

Despite the NLD's sweeping national victory in the 2015 general election, the party lost the majority of votes in three ethnic areas: Arakan, Kachin and Shan states.

Still, the party has publicly maintained that they would pick their own members for all chief ministerial positions—a right afforded in the 2008 Constitution.

In Arakan State in particular, the NLD had been facing a strong local lobby to appoint a chief minister from within the Arakan National Party (ANP), which won a majority in the state parliament. Yet the NLD decided to assign the position to its own member, Nyi Pyu.

The ministers for Burma's ethnic states include Lin Htut for Shan State, L Phaong Sho for Karenni State, Salai Lian Luai for Chin State and Min Min Oo for Mon State.

Khat Aung has reportedly been nominated in Kachin State, and will be discussed in regional parliament on Tuesday.

In the populace delta region, Mahn Johnny was selected in Irrawaddy Division, while in Central Burma divisions it was Myint Naing for Sagaing, Aung Moe Nyo for Magwe and Win Thein for Pegu.

A leaked document from the NLD listing the names of the new chief ministers began circulating on social media on Sunday afternoon, eliminating some of the suspense surrounding Monday's official announcement.

"The envelope that contained the list of the chief ministers was delivered to state and division NLD offices, and they were told to open it on Sunday afternoon. That's why, I think, the list has now been widely shared [online]," a senior party member told The Irrawaddy.

The post All-NLD Lineup as 13 of 14 Chief Ministers Revealed appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

Incoming Info Minister Pe Myint: ‘I Will Ensure Press Freedom’

Posted: 27 Mar 2016 10:21 PM PDT

Pe Myint, Burma's incoming information minister, at the parliamentary complex in Naypyidaw this month. (Photo: Myo Min Soe / The Irrawaddy)

Pe Myint, Burma's incoming information minister, at the parliamentary complex in Naypyidaw this month. (Photo: Myo Min Soe / The Irrawaddy)

Born in 1949 in Thandwe, Arakan State, the ethnic Arakanese Pe Myint was approved by Parliament last week to serve as Burma's next information minister. The vice chairman of the Myanmar Press Council earned his medical degree from the Rangoon University of Medicine in 1975. He worked as a general physician until entering the literary sphere in 1988.

He has since established himself as a writer of renown in Burma, and is particularly known for his translated works on motivation and personal development. He won Burma's national literature award in 1995. The Irrawaddy tracked down the incoming cabinet member last week in Naypyidaw to discuss press freedom and prospects for Burma's state-owned and private media.

You are a journalist and an author. How much can you guarantee press freedom as you are set to become the next minister of information?

[Press freedom] concerns laws as well as how [they are] practiced. Media organizations have to strive for it. As a media man, I do want press freedom. I will make sure there is press freedom, in cooperation with my journalist peers.

There are currently journalists who are behind bars for various reasons. Will you work for their release when you become the minister?

I have just been approved [by Parliament] to take the ministerial post. We have not yet had a cabinet meeting and therefore, it is hard for me to say anything about this right now. Personally, I will try as hard as I can to make sure journalists are not punished for their work.

We now have a certain degree of press freedom for print media. But we still do not have freedom for broadcast media. Private media, like SkyNet, is working in partnership with the government. What measures will you take to help establish freedom for private broadcasters?

Currently, we have a Broadcasting Law in place, but there is controversy over the law. I will do my best to review the Broadcasting Law, and will consider the views of those who want to do broadcasting, existing broadcasters, the realities, the input of scholars and situations in other countries.

What role can government-run print media, like The Mirror and Myanmar Ahlin dailies, play under the new government? What is your plan for government-run broadcast media? Journalists are concerned that cronies will get the [rights to] state-run broadcasting if it is privatized.

It is still early to discuss this now. There are different points of view. Some say it should be privatized, and some say it should be transformed into public service media. So, we need to consider this, depending on the situation on the ground, popular opinion and the government's policy.

Do you have a plan to promote the role of radio, to help establish a community radio station?

These things will take shape gradually. Though we are not satisfied, there have been certain changes. Weekly news journals started to emerge four, five, six years ago, and private daily newspapers started to emerge about two years ago. Radio stations also emerged last year, and there have been calls for greater freedom in broadcast media. We are still in the process of transformation and there is still much room for improvement. The industry will be able to develop a lot in the future if the correct steps are taken.

Some media laws, such as the controversial Electronic Transactions Law, need to be changed. Will you try to change these laws?

Besides the Media Law, the Printing and Publishing Law, and the Broadcasting Law, there are several other laws under which journalists are subject to legal charges. These laws cover trespassing, the Official Secrets Act, and of course, the Electronic Transactions Law. We need to discuss what justifiable charges are for journalists under these laws.

How independent is the existing Myanmar Press Council?

I think it is an independent organization. It can be called a self-regulatory media body according to international terms. The association is useful as a mediator that works in line with journalistic ethics.

Under the existing laws, private media can't operate print and broadcast media at the same time; they are not allowed to have cross-ownership. But the government operates both print and broadcast media. The Tatmadaw [military] has cross ownership under the name of 'Myawaddy'. What is your plan to address such imbalances?

There are different views and concepts about cross-ownership. Recent workshops have focused on it, and have also defined new concepts. They are, however, not complete, and we need to figure out what is acceptable to the majority.

While private media has to struggle to survive, state-owned media publishes with public funds and get lots of advertisements. What will you do to end the state-run media's monopoly?

I have not yet studied the details. I have just started studying the situation. But I can tell you that I will make sure the state-run media does not compete with private media for profits.

An Information Ministry no longer exists in most democracies. The NLD government has decided to keep the Information Ministry and there has been criticism. Do you think this ministry should still exist?

The government should run a department to communicate with the public. Even companies have a public relations department. People do not like the Information Ministry because it attacked dissidents in the past, restricted freedom of expression and imposed censorship. So, people don't like it. People would say it should no longer exist when the country becomes a democracy.

The government should have a department to communicate with the people, whether it is called the Information Ministry or something else, because the government is responsible for reporting what elected lawmakers are doing for the people. At the same time, it is also responsible for reporting what the government is doing for the people and how, as well as public criticisms. It has to publish these things for the knowledge of the government, lawmakers and the public.

In my view, state-run media should publish the opinions of the people as well as discussions with people who have political knowledge. In that regard, government-operated print and broadcast media can carry out the duties of the state.

There is an Information Ministry in countries like England, but they do not use that name anymore.

There was an Information Ministry in the US. They called it the USIA [United States Information Agency] and the USIS [US Information Service]. But as far as I know, they prefer to use the public affairs department now. I mean, there should and must be communication between the government and the people. We have to monitor it so that it does not function as propaganda.

The post Incoming Info Minister Pe Myint: 'I Will Ensure Press Freedom' appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

Rising China Risk Tarnishes Hong Kong Business Hub Luster

Posted: 27 Mar 2016 10:11 PM PDT

 Left to right: HSBC Asia Pacific CEO Peter Wong, Hong Kong Monetary Authority Chief Executive Norman Chan, Hong Kong Financial Secretary John Tsang and HSBC Group CEO Stuart Gulliver stand in front of the image of a commemorative 150th anniversary banknote during a launch ceremony in Hong Kong on March 4, 2015. (Photo: Reuters)

Left to right: HSBC Asia Pacific CEO Peter Wong, Hong Kong Monetary Authority Chief Executive Norman Chan, Hong Kong Financial Secretary John Tsang and HSBC Group CEO Stuart Gulliver stand in front of the image of a commemorative 150th anniversary banknote during a launch ceremony in Hong Kong on March 4, 2015. (Photo: Reuters)

HONG KONG — For decades, Hong Kong thrived as an Asian business hub thanks to its killer combination of Western freedoms, independent courts and closeness to mainland China's booming market. Now political and economic ills from the mainland are eroding that edge.

Swedish-Chinese author Gui Minhai was counting on Hong Kong's freedoms when he chose the city as the base for the publishing empire he has built up over the past decade, churning out exposes on elite Chinese politics that were snapped up by visitors from mainland China, where they are prohibited.

The recent temporary disappearances of Gui and four colleagues, including his British chief editor Lee Bo, rising political volatility and slowing growth in China are undermining confidence in Beijing's promises to leave the city's freedoms intact for a half-century after taking control of Hong Kong in 1997.

Local frustrations will likely intensify as the city's pro-Beijing elite prepares to choose a new leader for the specially administered Chinese region next year.

In unusually blunt comments, Financial Secretary John Tsang predicted recently that Hong Kong's economy would eke out its smallest expansion in four years in 2016.

"Politics and economics are closely intertwined. Political volatility will unavoidably impact on our economy," Tsang said in his budget speech last month. Tension and turbulence have left many in Hong Kong feeling suffocated by a confrontational atmosphere, said Tsang, warning of "even greater chaos" ahead if tensions aren't resolved.

Hong Kong remains wealthier and freer than the mainland, but the city of 7.2 million is riven with inequality and faces growing competition from other Chinese business hubs like nearby Shenzhen and Shanghai. Meanwhile, Chinese President Xi Jinping has sought to crush dissent in other regions like Xinjiang and Tibet, showing little sympathy for the yearning among many in Hong Kong for greater democracy.

Investors aren't rushing for the exits yet, but in the financial industry, backbone of the economy, the mood is darkening.

"If Hong Kong is gradually being taken over by all these Chinese business practices and also politically there's more and more pressure and influence coming from mainland China, this will definitely destroy Hong Kong in the end," said Edward Chan, an investment fund manager.

Foreign investors might start to "think that if Hong Kong does not have rule of law or anything, why don't they just move their investment directly to Shanghai or Beijing? What's the difference?" he said.

As Beijing increasingly opts more for the "one country" part of the "one country, two systems" framework guaranteeing its separate legal and financial systems until 2047, Hong Kong is paying a price.

Dimming Hong Kong's image as a global financial center, HSBC decided in February not to move its headquarters from London back to Hong Kong despite a restructuring focused on "pivoting" toward Asia. The Hongkong & Shanghai Banking Corp. was founded in the city in 1865 and shifted its headquarters to Britain in the early 1990s.

In explaining its choice, HSBC did not refer to China, though lauded Britain's "internationally respected regulatory framework and legal system."

On March 12, credit rating agency Moody's Investors Service cuts Hong Kong's outlook to negative from stable, citing rising political risks and China's slowing growth. It had downgraded China's rating two weeks before.

"Increasing political linkages are likely to weigh on Hong Kong's institutional strength," the agency said. "In addition, the risks to China's economic and financial stability may also undermine Hong Kong's own economic and financial outlook."

Hong Kong's freedoms were on global display in late 2014, when hundreds of thousands of people took to the streets, blocking busy thoroughfares for 79 days to protest Beijing's plan to restrict elections. The peaceful protests highlighted discontent with China's influence among local youths, but also among older Hong Kong citizens, many of whose families fled past political turmoil in the Chinese mainland.

More recently, the independent film "Ten Years" was a surprise hit with its dystopian portrayal of the eradication of the city's Cantonese-language identity under Beijing's rule a decade from now.

Activists defending local culture from mainland Chinese influence clashed with police last month when authorities ordered fishball vendors, a traditional fixture during the lunar new year, off the streets of gritty Mong Kok.

Steve Vickers, chief executive of political and economic risk consultancy SVA, said requests for information and help with crisis preparedness spiked after the Mong Kok riot. Political polarization and the slowing economy are threatening Hong Kong's reputation, while China's slowdown could worsen tensions by pushing up unemployment and hurting property prices, he said.

"Any economic weakness would surely stoke political anger, given the social grievances that underpinned recent protests," Vickers said.

The bookseller disappearances shocked many Hong Kongers because of suspicions that mainland Chinese security agents snatched Lee and spirited him across the border, violating Beijing's promise to stay out of most local affairs including law enforcement. Gui apparently was apprehended in Thailand and taken to mainland China.

Many ethnic Chinese in Hong Kong hold foreign passports as a sort of "insurance policy" in case of a crisis. The difficulties Britain and Sweden faced in getting consular access to Lee and Gui raised doubts about that strategy.

Chan, the investment fund manager, holds a Canadian passport. "Now it's totally useless," he said. "This passport is not going to protect me in any sense if the Lee Bo case is going to re-occur again."

Three of Gui and Lee's colleagues are now free on bail in the mainland, but the pair appear to be still detained without charge. They both surfaced briefly on Hong Kong-based pro-Beijing Phoenix TV, where Lee said he was aiding an investigation while Gui tearfully confessed to an old crime—having fled overseas to avoid a suspended two-year prison sentence for a fatal drunk driving accident. Their Causeway Bay Bookstore remains shuttered.

The booksellers' case shook the relatively freewheeling publishing industry in Hong Kong, whose status as a base for independent-minded financial research could suffer if investment banks with business interests on the mainland avoid releasing reports critical of Chinese state-owned companies or the economy, said Chan.

Simon Baptist, chief economist at the Economist Intelligence Unit, whose latest global cost of living survey ranked Hong Kong No. 2, said companies would likely pay closer attention to Hong Kong's fragile press and judicial freedoms when deciding whether to deploy staff or investment here.

"Hong Kong is still one of the freer places in Asia," Baptist said, "but perhaps that gap, that advantage, it has is narrowing."

The post Rising China Risk Tarnishes Hong Kong Business Hub Luster appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

Taiwan’s Hung Makes Nationalist Party Comeback With Leadership Win

Posted: 27 Mar 2016 10:01 PM PDT

Taiwan's ruling Nationalist Kuomintang Party (KMT) former presidential candidate Hung Hsiu-chu leaves the podium after giving a speech at a party congress in Taipei, Taiwan, on Oct. 17, 2015. (Photo: Reuters)

Taiwan's ruling Nationalist Kuomintang Party (KMT) former presidential candidate Hung Hsiu-chu leaves the podium after giving a speech at a party congress in Taipei, Taiwan, on Oct. 17, 2015. (Photo: Reuters)

TAIPEI — Taiwan's opposition Nationalist Party picked as its new leader a woman it had ditched as its presidential candidate weeks before January's election after a wave of criticism of her campaign.

Pro-China Hung Hsiu-chu, a one-time schoolteacher known by the nickname "Little Hot Chili Pepper," won 56 percent of the vote, a Nationalist Party spokeswoman said, beating three other candidates.

She becomes the first female leader of the Nationalist Party, which in January lost not only the presidency but also control of Taiwan's parliament to the pro-independence Democratic Progressive Party (DPP).

Hung's victory marks a comeback for a woman who in October was removed as her party's candidate for the presidential election after a campaign riddled with gaffes and political attacks.

The change made no difference, however, as her replacement, Eric Chu, still ended up being trounced in by Tsai Ing-wen of the DPP. Tsai will take over as president in May from China-friendly Ma Ying-jeou who had held the position for the Nationalists since 2008.

Chu resigned as party chief after the defeat, forcing a leadership vote.

"Thanks to so many comrades' support … giving me a chance to bend down and pick up the first brick to lead the Nationalist Party to rebuild our home from the debris," Hung told a news conference.

"In the face of such a difficult and hard future situation, as long as we have courage there is no difficulty we cannot overcome. Please join me and work with me," she added.

Hung, who is widely seen as supporting unification with China, faces a tough job rebuilding support for the party. The popularity of the DPP has surged since 2014 when hundreds of students occupied parliament for weeks to protest trade pacts negotiated with China. It was the largest display of anti-China sentiment the island had seen in years.

Chinese President Xi Jinping, in his capacity as head of China's Communist Party, sent a congratulatory message to Hung, according to a note released by the Nationalist Party.

"We hope both parties can cement a foundation of mutual trust, increase exchanges and interaction, and ensure peaceful development and stability across the Taiwan Strait," Xi wrote in the message.

Known in Chinese as the Kuomintang, the Nationalist Party ruled China before being forced to flee to Taiwan in 1949 at the end of a bloody civil war with the Chinese Communist Party. Beijing views Taiwan as a renegade province to be brought under its control by force if necessary.

The post Taiwan's Hung Makes Nationalist Party Comeback With Leadership Win appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

National News

National News


The price of peace: Western governments pledge millions

Posted: 27 Mar 2016 02:30 PM PDT

When Daw Aung San Suu Kyi's new government finally takes office this week and turns to her stated priority of the peace process, it will find the international community has also been busy during the long transition period in assembling a "joint peace fund", with over US$100 million committed so far.

Chief ministers’ names leaked

Posted: 27 Mar 2016 02:30 PM PDT

Two women are expected to be named on the list of chief ministers for the 14 states and regions to be confirmed in office by the incoming National League for Democracy government today, according to leaked accounts.

Yangon monitoring meningitis outbreak after 8-year-old’s death

Posted: 27 Mar 2016 02:30 PM PDT

Health officials have placed Yangon Region on high alert as a deadly meningitis outbreak appears to have spread from Mandalay.

NLD leadership challenged over cabinet choices

Posted: 27 Mar 2016 02:30 PM PDT

Criticism of the National League for Democracy is mounting over its lack of transparency surrounding the ministerial selection process, even though all were approved by parliament without complaints.

Tough job in store for incoming health minister

Posted: 27 Mar 2016 02:30 PM PDT

On April 1, incoming Minister for Health Dr Myint Htwe stands for the difficult task of reforming a wing of the government notorious for its "militarisation", while also handling the largest budget assigned to the health sector in years.

Ye Htut mocked as ministers empty housing

Posted: 27 Mar 2016 02:30 PM PDT

Outgoing Information Minister Ye Htut, no stranger to controversy, has been blasted on social media for justifying the way ministers in the departing cabinet have emptied their government housing of all furniture, even carrying away the plants.

Managing the defence and security council

Posted: 27 Mar 2016 02:30 PM PDT

The decision by National League for Democracy leader Daw Aung San Suu Kyi MP to include herself in the cabinet of incoming President U Htin Kyaw has, by simultaneously removing her both from control of her party and from parliamentary activity, raised unprecedented political and constitutional questions.

Tatmadaw chief marks 71st Armed Forces Day

Posted: 27 Mar 2016 02:30 PM PDT

Commemorating Armed Forces Day with parades, flag-bearing phalanxes and fighter jets yesterday, the Tatmadaw reinforced the prominent position it will continue to occupy even as the civilian-led government takes control later this week.

U Shwe Mann allies appointed to UEC

Posted: 27 Mar 2016 02:30 PM PDT

Two men close to purged Union Solidarity and Development Party leader Thura U Shwe Mann have been nominated to serve on the Union Election Commission.

Interviews: The ministers speak

Posted: 27 Mar 2016 02:30 PM PDT

Last week, parliament unanimously approved the new cabinet, downsized from 36 portfolios to 21 under the new administration. The Myanmar Times spoke to five ministers who will take up their new appointments on April 1.

Shan Herald Agency for News

Shan Herald Agency for News


NLD to appoint Shan State Chief Minister despite calls to give position to Shan party

Posted: 28 Mar 2016 01:14 AM PDT

The National League for Democracy (NLD) will appoint its own party member to lead Shan State as Chief Minister, according to the party's spokesperson Dr Zaw Myint Maung.  This despite calls to appoint someone from the NLD's long-time ethnic partner the Shan Nationalities League for Democracy (SNLD).  The Shan party won more seats in Shan state than the NLD.

"We have nothing to say about the Shan State Chief Minister issue. This [issue] is raised by those in Shan State. The NLD won at the union level so only the NLD government will appoint the Chief Minister," Dr Zaw Myint Maung explained.
Dr Linn Htut a recently elected NLD MP from the Shan State Hluttaw representing Lashio Township, is expected to become the next Shan State Chief Minister.
Political observers question however the apparent appointment of Dr Linn Htut, a non-Shan State resident and an ethnic Burman for the Shan State Chief Minister position as the state has a diverse population of ethnic people.
The 2015 Election the saw the Union Solidarity and Development Party (USDP) win the most seats in Shan State, while the SNLD received the second most seats.  The NLD came in third place after the SNLD.
The NLD led by Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, daughter of national leader General Aung San, has promised to carry out ethnic affairs and promote peace when her government takes office in April.
"Shan State affairs are complicated. A non-local resident is unsuitable for Shan State [chief minister] due to issues of ethnicity and internal peace," said Sai Aung Myint Oo from the Tai Youth Network.
He added that the SNLD has received public support and won more seats in Shan State so he called for the NLD to appoint a person from the SNLD as the Chief Minister.
BY Staff/Shan Herald Agency for News (SHAN)

Learning to share: The EAO8 Summit # 2

Posted: 27 Mar 2016 11:13 PM PDT

The 8 ethnic armed organizations (EAOs) that were, together with the government, military and legislature, joint signatories of the historic ("hysteric", according to some critics) Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement (NCA) on 15 October 2015, met again for the second time since November to reassess the progress made and to reorganize, as well as plan, for the upcoming months.

Photo: Irrawaddy
What follows is a recapitulation of what took place at the 3-day summit, 24-26 March, at Khum Phuncome Hotel's multi-purpose hall in Chiangmai.

Day One. Thursday, 24 March 2016

Nothing is final in history.
It always moves on.
Peace must be built again and again.
Thorbjorn Jagland, Secretary General, Council of Europe

The meeting is attended by 79 EAO representatives, technical advisers and observers. Some of them are already well acquainted with most readers:
Gen Mutu Saypoe           President, Karen National Union (KNU)
Lt Gen Yawd Serk             President, Restoration Council of Shan State (RCSS)
Hkun Myint Tun                                Chairman, PaO National Liberation Organization (PNLO)
Khaing Soe Naing Aung Vice Chairman, Arakan Liberation Party (ALP)
Pu Zing Cung                      Chairman, Chin National Front (CNF)
Yebaw Than Gay              Chairman, All Burma Students Democratic Front (ABSDF)
Dr Naw Gabaw Htoo       Secretary General, Karen Peace Council (KPC)

Plus other not less known leaders, such as, Hkun Okker (PNLO), Saw Kwe Htoo Win (KNU) Saw Mra Raza Win (ALP), Dr Lian Hmung Sakhong (CNF) and Dr Suikhar (CNF).

The only signatory movement conspicuously missing is the Democratic Karen Benevolent Army (DKBA) that, after the death of Gen Lah Pwe last month, has yet to elect a new leadership.

Sao Yawd Serk presides over today's session. Here are excerpts from his opening address.

There are five issues that need to be addressed: 

One, ethnic issue

There is division and fighting. There is no mutual trust. How we are going to rebuild it constitutes a formidable challenge.

Two, political issue

One party is trying to sell federalism. Is the other party going to buy it? How? On the other hand, one party is holding fast to the 2008 constitution. How is the other party going to drive a bargain with them?

Three, economic gap

There is a huge gap between the rich and the poor. How are we going to bridge it?

Fourth, the land issue

Land is being confiscated not only by the government but also by companies with huge capital. Many people have gone landless.

Fifth, continued rights abuses

Especially when there is fighting. Victimization of the people invariably follows a clash.

We need to discuss our plans well. It is only through good plans we will be able to avoid pitfalls and reach our destination safe and sound.

There are three items engaged by the summit today:

§  Reports by EAO Coordination Team (CT), EAO Joint Ceasefire Monitoring Committee (JMC) and EAO Union Peace Dialogue Joint Committee (UPDJC)
§  Working with the new government
§  Engaging the non-signatory EAOs

Reports by EAO-CT, EAO-JMC and EAO-UPDJC (extracts from the reports and discussion)
17 October 2015

CT formed by one representative each from the signatory EAOs

8-10 November 2015

EAO Summit #1 held in Chiangmai

CT office

Set up at Diamond Condominium, Hlaing Township, Rangoon, supported by USAID

Issues discussed by participants include:

§  Continued rejection by JMC-U (Union level) against setting up of JMC-S (State level) in Arakan/Rakhine State
§  Issuing "command-like" demands instead of discussing issues by JMC-U which is chaired by a Tatmadaw general
§  Publicized accusations without verification, such as, alleging that the RCSS/SSA troops are expanding beyond their original operational areas
§  Troops from different regional commands saying the Code of Conduct (CoC) and the JMC-S Terms of Reference (ToR) don't apply to them because they are not under the Central Eastern Command, whose commander, according to the ToR, represents the Burma Army in Shan State
§  Different interpretations of the bilateral agreements by the Burma Army and the EAOs
§  The Joint Implementation Coordination Meeting (JICM), composed of top representatives of the signatories, to be regularly held "to resolve" any issues faced during the implementation of the NCA, has long since December becomes a toothless tiger despite having problems that could not be resolved at JMC-U and UPDJC levels

The reports are adopted just before lunch time.

Working with the new government (Extracts)

§  When the signatory EAOs met the NLD in December, they (the NLD) reportedly spoke about setting up a Steering Committee. Does it mean it will be a new mechanism to replace JICM (which is but a meeting), or is it one to replace the Union Peacemaking Central Committee (UPCC) formed by the outgoing President?
§  The NLD should put to good use of both existing mechanisms: What cannot be done by the parliament must be done by the Union Peace Conference (UPC) and vice versa.
§  There is concern that the newly created Ministry of Ethnic Affairs will turn out to be a wimp ("Whether a dish is delicious or not depends not only on the ingredients available, but also the cook," one participant quips during the coffee break)
§  When it comes to democracy, we are not worried about the NLD. But when it comes to federalism, we don't know what blueprint it has. But I remember The Lady had publicly supported the Maetharawhta Declaration (which called for a federal democracy) in 1997 (when "federalism" was still a taboo word)
§  Will it be easy to negotiate with the NLD government? During  the UPC in January, one NLD elder was out-and-out against the 8-state configuration (presented by the United Nationalities Alliance)

Despite concerns expressed above, the Summit, in the end, decides to give the benefit (a huge one at that) of the doubt to the NLD and work with it for common cause.

Engaging the non-signatory EAOs

As an old friend is waiting for me downstairs, I'm not able to follow all that is being discussed. But the following are in my notes:
§  There has been 3 informal meetings between signatories and non-signatories. On the whole, they have been fruitful. A 4th one has been proposed.
§  The non-signatories also seem to be making preparations for the UPC#2 with is expected to be hosted by the new government sometime this year (According to one of the UPC#1 resolutions, the next UPC is due in May, but as the government still needs time to familiarize itself with its new job, it may be well after the honeymoon period, remarks one)

My friend, whom I have known since the early 80s, is a vocal critic of the NCA, particularly the signing of it just 3 weeks before the general elections, when everything appeared to be hanging in the balance.
"It didn't make sense," he says.

He had been to Panglong and visited the monument that marks the signing of the historic agreement between Burma and Chin-Kachin-Shan alliance in 1947. "The inscription there says 'Reunification' between the Mainland and the Hills Peoples," he tells me, who has not been there since 1969.

This is one of the bones of contention between successive Burman-dominated governments and the non-Burmans. While the former maintains the coming together in 1947 was a 'reunification', the latter vehemently argues that it was a 'unification'. That without Panglong there would never have been a Union of Burma/Myanmar.

Who's right and who's wrong? We are sure going to hear that in the forthcoming UPCs, or maybe even before them.

The day's session is over by the time I bade farewell to my friend.

 By SAI KHUENSAI / Director of Pyidaungsu Institute and Founder of Shan Herald Agency for News (S.H.A.N)

All views expressed are the author's own