Thursday, February 26, 2015

The Irrawaddy Magazine

The Irrawaddy Magazine


Thai Bill to Restrict Protests Sails Through First Reading

Posted: 26 Feb 2015 03:45 PM PST

Protesters against military rule gesture by holding up their three middle fingers in the air, during a brief demonstration at a shopping mall in Bangkok June 1, 2014. (Photo: Reuters)

Protesters against military rule gesture by holding up their three middle fingers in the air, during a brief demonstration at a shopping mall in Bangkok June 1, 2014. (Photo: Reuters)

BANGKOK — Thailand’s parliament voted overwhelmingly on Thursday in favor of a bill that restricts political demonstrations, something critics fear will be used to smother dissent after martial law is lifted.

The law will impose restrictions on the "time, place and manner" of demonstrations but it was not aimed at banning protests, said Colonel Winthai Suvaree, a spokesman for the junta which seized power last year.

"This law is not designed to prevent protests. It is aimed at giving order to public gatherings," Winthai told Reuters.

The army declared martial law in May, days before it ousted an elected government in a coup.

Martial law remains in place despite calls for it to be lifted from tourism industry operators who fear it damages the country’s image. Martial law includes a ban on public gatherings of more than five people.

The coup followed months of street protests aimed at ousting former Prime Minister Yingluck Shinawatra.

Critics say the law on restricting protests that sailed through its first reading on Thursday would help the junta to stifle dissent and maintain its largely unchallenged rule.

"This law will replace martial law and control political protests, which is an infringement on people’s rights," said Thanawut Wichaidit, a spokesman for the pro-Yingluck United Front for Democracy against Dictatorship activist group.

The bill must pass a second and third reading for it to come law, which looks likely given its support in the National Legislative Assembly whose members were picked by the military.

If the bill becomes law it would ban protests outside courts, parliament and the prime minister’s offices, known as Government House, Jate Siratharanont, a member of the assembly, told Reuters.

Police would have to be informed of a protest at least 24 hours in advance and gatherings between 6 p.m and 6 a.m would be banned unless protesters got permission, Jate said.

But authorities would need permission from the courts to disperse protests.

Matthew Smith, executive director of Fortify Rights, a Southeast Asia-based rights group, said it would be difficult for Thailand to argue that the law was in the public interest.

"On the contrary, this appears to be a move that’s inconsistent with Thailand’s human rights obligations," said Smith.

The post Thai Bill to Restrict Protests Sails Through First Reading appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

City Mart Director Listed in Forbes’ Asia’s 50 Power Businesswomen 

Posted: 26 Feb 2015 04:27 AM PST

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Win Win Tint, entrepreneur and CEO of City Mart. (Photo: JPaing / The Irrawaddy)

RANGOON — Forbes Magazine has listed Burmese businesswoman Win Win Tint, managing director of Burma's largest retailer City Mart Holdings, in its fourth annual Asia’s 50 Power Businesswomen list.

The list appeared in the March issue of Forbes Asia.

"Asia's 50 Power Businesswomen list showcases a year of accomplishments by the region's female entrepreneurs and executives," the magazine said. "To make the list, candidates have to be active in the upper echelons of the business world in Asia, wield significant power and have access to robust financial resources."

It is the first time that a Burmese businesswoman is included in the list.

Forbes said Win Win Tint, 39, "oversees 5,500 workers and says sales have grown 25 percent to 35 percent annually for the past 5 years, to near [US] $200 million."

"Initially the family hired a professional manager for the business, but Win took over after three months and has steered the company for 18 years. She holds an accounting and business administration diploma from Singapore's Thames Business School," the magazine said of the female executive.

Forbes described City Mart as "a leading supplier to Myanmar's stirring consumer market. From a single grocery store in 1996, the company has burgeoned to over 100 outlets, including 18 City Mart supermarkets, 7 huge Ocean Supercenters and 45 City Express Convenience stores, as well as bakeries, pharmacies, baby clubs and bookstores."

The Irrawaddy included Win Win Tint in a top 10 of Burmese women in the magazine's December issue on 'Movers and Shakers' in 2014.

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Exiled Singer to Give First Concert in Burma in Two Decades

Posted: 26 Feb 2015 03:25 AM PST

Classic singer Mun Awng's voice will return to Burma, even if he can't. (Photo: The Irrawaddy)

Classic singer Mun Awng's voice will return to Burma, even if he can't. (Photo: The Irrawaddy)

RANGOON — Mun Awng, a well-known exiled Kachin singer, will hold his first concert in Burma in more than 25 years on March 3, when he is scheduled to perform at Mandalay's Diamond Plaza, a concert organizer announced on Thursday.

Tickets have gone on sale and prices vary from 10,000 kyats to 30,000 kyats (US$10-30), according to an announcement by Legacy Music Network posted on Facebook.

He will also perform in Rangoon, Burma's biggest city, on March 10 at the National Theater.

Mun Awng, aged 55, rose to fame in the mid-1980s with the release of his first album called 8/82 Inya. He was known for his protest songs calling for democracy, peace and an end to military rule in Burma.

He played a role in the 1988 democratic uprising that was crushed by the Burma Army. Mun Awng was forced to flee the country like thousands of other students and dissidents. He was granted asylum in Norway where he continues to live and from where he writes songs calling for democracy in Burma.

The Burmese government rejected his visa application in December last year but in January he was able to receive a visa to visit and perform in his native country.

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Spanish Tourist Hospitalized After Mugging in Pegu

Posted: 26 Feb 2015 02:42 AM PST

The Spanish man was mugged in a village in Pegu on Feb. 23. (Photo: Facebook / Ko Gyi)

The Spanish man was mugged in a village in Pegu on Feb. 23. (Photo: Facebook / Ko Gyi)

RANGOON — A Spanish tourist was mugged and sustained multiple slash wounds this week near Badagon village in Pegu Township, about 50 miles northeast of Rangoon.

Carlos, 31, was attacked while on a bike ride in the area on Monday evening. He was transferred to Rangoon General Hospital and the culprits remain at large, according to Pegu Township Police Station No. 3.

"We have opened a case under the charge of Article 394," an officer from the police station told The Irrawaddy, referring to a Penal Code provision on causing bodily harm in an attempted robbery. "His belongings were not taken away. We sent him to Rangoon Hospital yesterday [Tuesday]. But, we heard he was brought to Thailand today [Wednesday]."

Article 394 is punishable by up to 10 years' imprisonment.

According to the police, the victim sustained cuts on the head, forearm, elbow, knee, hand and abdomen.

"This town now frequently sees [muggings]," said Pegu local Myo Min Aung. "Last month, a child was robbed of his bike. We dare not go out on a motorbike alone at night. The news spread because it was a foreigner this time."

The incident could prove a threat to Burma's fledgling tourism industry, said Hnaung Hnaung Han, the general secretary of Union of Myanmar Travel Association.

In the most serious case of violence against foreigners in recent memory, a Japanese woman was raped and murdered near Kyaukpadaung Township, Mandalay Division, in 2011.

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National Sangha Committee Rejects Education Reform Demands

Posted: 26 Feb 2015 02:36 AM PST

Student demonstrators near Sule Pagoda in downtown Rangoon last November. (Photo: Steve Tickner / The Irrawaddy)

Student demonstrators near Sule Pagoda in downtown Rangoon last November. (Photo: Steve Tickner / The Irrawaddy)

RANGOON — Burma's highest religious authority has publicly rejected key planks of student demands for education reform, as the upper house announced on Tuesday that its Draft Law Committee would conduct hearings on the amendment of the National Education Law next month.

The State Sangha Maha Nayaka Committee (SSMNC), a government-appointed assembly of high-ranking monks that regulates the Buddhist clergy in Burma, sent a letter to parliament and education reform proponents on Feb. 22, demanding that religious schools be exempted from any provisions which allow the independent formation of teacher and student unions.

"Buddhist universities and schools that are controlled by unions will confuse religious and political issues. This can lead to a situation where the roots of Theravada Buddhism disappear," the statement read.

The International Theravada Buddhist Missionary University, state and regional Buddhist universities, abbot training schools and monastic education schools are all nominally under the control of the SSMNC.

Education reform advocates said that the SSMNC's concerns were overblown, noting that the draft amendments to the education law retains a clause which exempts religious schools from the law's provisions.

"We haven't erased Article 68(a), which says schools that only teach religion are not governed by this law," said Dr Arkar Moe Thu, a university lecturer and member of the National Network for Education Reform (NNER). "They should analyze how the approved education law works and not only the amendments."

In its statement, the SSMNC warned that restrictions on the ability of students to influence the education curriculum under the amended law, saying that the reform proposals gave students too much power over their teachers, which it argued was contrary to Burmese custom. At present, the education law centralizes the establishment and revision of a national curriculum in a yet to be established National Education Commission, and reformers have pressed the government to allow for curriculum decisions to be made on a local level.

"Education is the medium to connect with the world," said Arkar Moe Thu. "It should not only be a reflection of Myanmar's traditions. If we measure education only by our customs, we will all be left behind."

The SSMNC also raised questions about plans to amend the National Education Law to allow instruction in ethnic minority languages. While Article 43(b) of the current law allows ethnic language instruction alongside Burmese at a basic education level "if there is a need", at present most children in Burma's frontier areas currently receive extracurricular native language education from monastic schools.

The committee leadership's concerns were echoed on Wednesday by the State Pariyatti Sasana University, a Rangoon-based Buddhist educational institution, which were relayed by the state-run Global Light of Myanmar newspaper on Thursday.

"[Too] much emphasis on freedom at schools, for students, in curriculums, languages and ideology will lead to a lack of discipline," the university's statement read. "The bill should be drafted with the aim of preservation of the nation and race and more time should be taken for drafting the bill in accordance with the voice of the majority."

The Draft Law Committee's hearings on amendments to the National Education Law, to be conducted from Mar. 5-15, will be open to a cross-section of reform proponents, including 20 members each from peak student union body the Action Committee for Democratic Education (ACDE), political parties, the NNER, civil society organizations and members of the public who sent letters to lawmakers calling for a rewrite of the law.

State-run newspaper The Mirror said on Wednesday that the committee would work to approve the bill with the highest priority.

Meanwhile, ACDE member Min Thwe Thit told The Irrawaddy that a group of student demonstrators, who have been marching from Mandalay since Jan. 20, will resume their journey to Rangoon from Letpadan, Bago Division on Mar. 1.

"In reality, the parliament doesn't need this much time to discuss the bill," he said. "The hearing period is very long…I think they are deliberately taking time to delay the bill and the government is being dishonest."

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Mac and Her Dudes

Posted: 26 Feb 2015 02:31 AM PST

For Us, Surrender is Out of the Question: A Story from Burma's Never-Ending War, by Mac McClelland. (Photo: Supplied)

For Us, Surrender is Out of the Question: A Story from Burma's Never-Ending War, by Mac McClelland. (Photo: Supplied)

US Reporter Mac McClelland has just released the critically acclaimed 'Irritable Hearts', her account of struggling with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder after reporting from crisis zones in Burma, the Democratic Republic of Congo and Haiti. In this article from 2010, The Irrawaddy reviews her earlier memoir, an account of her time spent working with Karen activists in the Thai border town of Mae Sot. 

After six weeks' voluntary work with a group of Karen activists in Thailand, Mac McClelland was told by one of them at a farewell party that she was "like the rain, coming to cool things and make things pleasant and then leaving and everything was sweltering again."

His tribute was a polite understatement. McClelland blew into that vulnerable little community of migrants like a monsoon storm from the nearby mountains, marking the border between Thailand and Burma.

At the end of her brief assignment with the ad hoc group Burma Action, as she boarded the bus to take her to Bangkok and from there to her Ohio home, McClelland left behind a group of young men—her "dudes" as she called them—whose ideas, beliefs, fears and prejudices had been shaken to their very roots. And they had changed her, too.

Tears flowed as she left. And few readers of this captivating book will end it dry-eyed. Not only because of its emotive power—but also moved to laughter by the hilarious attempts of McClelland's "dudes" to cope with her invasion of their domestic menage and working lives.

This is no lightweight read, however. Whenever McClelland's gutsy account of the daily routine in her unconventional Mae Sot household hits a point of reference that needs explanation she steps adroitly aside and takes up the task without once breaking the uncompromising, unconventional style and rhythm of her robust writing.

A typical chapter begins with a breakfast table anecdote and ends with a harrowing account of forced labor in a Karen village or a description of the sterling work done by the Free Burma Rangers or the Thailand Burma Border Consortium, written in the same limpid, instantly accessible prose.

One day's diary-like narrative, for instance, is preceded by this unforgettable passage:

"The Mae Sot gongs broke the night time silence, in darkness still thorough but thin-feeling. I guessed it was 4am when the shallow tinning struck, and I listened to the distant shimmer and the dogs that caught it and spread it through the city, the far-off barking and howling coming closer and louder in a wave with the ringing at their backs until it smacked against the house, our street's dogs in a sudden frenzy, and echoed still by the woofing and tolling from the temple where it started. The monks were awake, and I was, too."

McClelland was invited to help her small group of Karen rights activists hone their English skills, although her teaching was as unconventional as her writing. She followed the classroom maxim of staying one lesson ahead of the pupils.

One of her prize students, she relates, "said something to me about present continuous tense which, had I not looked up practically the day before, I couldn't have named to save my life.

"When once, as I wrote a sentence on the dry-erase board, he said 'That's passive voice,' I started laughing so hard that I had to put my marker down. 'I love the shit that you know, baby,' I said, and if I could whistle, I would have."

As a declared atheist and an outspoken liberal thinker on sexual mores and much more, McClelland sparked lively debates in the crowded quarters she shared with her predominantly male house-mates. Table top exchanges rang with cultural clashes, east and west banging away over religion, politics, sex and any other topic of the day.

The one sentiment all shared was a deep sense of outrage sparked by the reports on human rights abuses collected by the Action Burma workers. The chicanery experienced at the hands of the Thai police by the young activists—most of whom seem to have lacked legal documentation—was also witnessed first-hand by McClelland, whose reports add up to a ringing indictment of the treatment of Karen refugees in Thailand.

Even here, though, McClelland mines humor in the midst of risky motorbike jaunts to bars and hangouts in Mae Sot.

Her unsentimental but sympathetic record of kitchen table debates is hilarious and sad by turns. When one of the group has difficulty explaining to her the animist belief in the mystical powers of chicken bones he resorts in frustration to modern technology and gives her a power point presentation.

One exercise required her students to make a list of the subjects she could video for them on her return to the US—"things they'd heard of but never seen."

Three items dominated that list: clubs, strippers and city skyscrapers!

A natural enough request, one supposes, from a group of inquisitive young fellows, but in the context of McClelland's book it acquires an aching poignancy—summing up the fenced-in existence of so many displaced Karen denied access to a world we take for granted.

"For Us, Surrender is Out of the Question: A Story from Burma's Never-Ending War", by Mac McClelland is published by Soft Skull Press.

This story first appeared in the April 2010 print edition of The Irrawaddy magazine.

The post Mac and Her Dudes appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

15 Handed Prison Terms for Destruction of Mandalay Muslim Cemetery

Posted: 26 Feb 2015 01:04 AM PST

Angry men accompany the funeral procession of a Buddhist man named Tun Tun, who was killed during inter-communal violence in July 2014. (Photo: Steve Tickner / The Irrawaddy)

Angry men accompany the funeral procession of a Buddhist man named Tun Tun, who was killed during inter-communal violence in July 2014. (Photo: Steve Tickner / The Irrawaddy)

MANDALAY — A court in Patheingyi Township, Mandalay Division, on Tuesday sentenced 15 Buddhist men to prison terms for destroying the Muslim section of Kyarnikan Cemetery during inter-communal conflict in July last year, according to a lawyer involved in the case.

Two men from Patheingyi Township received two years imprisonment, while the other 13 men received one year imprisonment on criminal charges of arson and damaging places and objects with the intention of insulting religion or religious beliefs.

"The court found two of them were guilty of torching up buildings, while the rest were sentenced for insulting religion," said Thein Than Oo, a lawyer of some of the defendants.

He said the men are being detained at Mandalay's Oh-Bo Prison, where they will serve their prison terms.

In early July, clashes erupted between Buddhists and Muslim residents of Mandalay after allegations were circulated on social media that a Muslim tea shop owner had raped his Buddhist maid.

In the ensuing violence, one Buddhist man and a Muslim man were killed, while 14 people were injured.

The funeral procession of Buddhist man, named Tun Tun gathered a huge crowd in the city center and passed by Kyarnikan Cemetery, located on Mandalay's outskirts.

Angry men, carrying bamboo and iron rods, who accompanied the funeral procession destroyed several gravestones and burned down an orphanage building, a rest house and a home of the Muslim caretaker of the Muslim section of the cemetery.

The post 15 Handed Prison Terms for Destruction of Mandalay Muslim Cemetery appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

Kokang Rebels Warn Refugees in China Not to Return As Shan State Fighting Continues

Posted: 25 Feb 2015 11:07 PM PST

Soldiers from the Burma Army's 33rd Division on patrol in Laukkai on Feb. 15. (Photo: JPaing / The Irrawaddy)

Soldiers from the Burma Army's 33rd Division on patrol in Laukkai on Feb. 15. (Photo: JPaing / The Irrawaddy)

RANGOON — Ethnic Kokang rebel forces fighting the Burma Army in northern Shan State issued a statement on Wednesday warning the tens of thousands of refugees who have fled to China not to return to the Kokang Special Region as it remains unsafe.

In a Burmese-language statement, the Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army (MNDAA) accused the Burmese government of trying to encourage the return of ethnic Kokang civilians, who fled from the Kokang region administrative capital Laukkai to nearby China in great numbers in recent weeks.

"We found that there are some people from the Burmese police who pretend to be refugees and went to refugee camps on the Chinese side. They tried to persuade the refugees to go back to the Laukkai," the MNDAA said. "But it is very dangerous to force people to go back to the region, as we found that the police and army continue to kill people who came back as they suspect them of being rebels."

An article by army-owned newspaper Myawaddy on Thursday said locals were returning to Laukkai "as stability has been restored." It said 1,314 people from 389 families had returned from Feb 22-24 and were welcomed by the army and local authorities with "noodles, soft drinks and snacks."

The MNDAA said it was telling refugees not to believe reports that it was safe to return, while it warned government forces not to kill ethnic Kokang civilians. "Starting from this morning [Feb. 25], we are warning you: Our armed force will take action against those persons who killed civilians," the statement said.

The army established control over Laukkai early last week, but reports of fighting between the army and Kokang and Palaung ethnic rebels in the area and further outlying townships continue to emerge.

Htun Myat Lin, MNDAA general-secretary, said the rebels on Wednesday had attacked the Laukkai residence of Pae Shauk Chan, who heads the township authority.

He said heavy fighting also broke out at Peng Shwe Shen Village, located some 33 kilometer (20 miles) northwest of Laukkai. "They came to attack us. We did not go to attack them, 20 of their soldiers were killed yesterday, but they accused us that we came to attack them," he told The Irrawaddy.

The Laukkai Township was put under a three-month period of martial law on Feb. 18 and the area is being administered by the Burma Army.

The area is home to an ethnic Chinese minority that numbers around 95,000 people, according to preliminary results of the 2014 Population Census. Heavy fighting between the Burma Army and the MNDAA over control of the area broke out on Feb. 9, causing most of the population to flee north across the border into China.

It remains unclear exactly how many civilians have fled to China and Chinese authorities have released little information about the situation.

Thousands of workers and government staff from central Burma working in the town headed south to central Shan State in recent weeks, where they were welcomed by the Burma Army and local authorities.

There have been recurrent, unconfirmed reports and photos circulated on social media claiming that scores of civilians were killed by the fighting in Laukkai.

Burmese government statements have said dozens of soldiers and rebels were killed, but no information has been released on civilian deaths. Rebels have claimed that between 50 and 100 civilians were killed during the fighting.

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Letpadaung: Fields of Fire

Posted: 25 Feb 2015 09:14 PM PST

A villager stands outside a fence being erected as part of the Letpadaung copper mining project. (Photo: JPaing / The Irrawaddy)

A villager stands outside a fence being erected as part of the Letpadaung copper mining project. (Photo: JPaing / The Irrawaddy)

When a bulldozer rolled onto her ancestral farmland stretching under the shadow of Letpadaung mountain on a December morning last year, Ma Win Mar was among dozens of farmers who tried to stop it.

But as rubber bullets, fired from cordons of police standing behind the roaring yellow machine, whistled past their ears, all the villagers could do was retreat.

As she helplessly watched the broad steel blade of the machine uproot a swath of sesame, sunflower and bean crops on her seven-acre land, the 30-year-old woman broke down in tears.

"Why did they do it to me? All we have is our land," Ma Win Mar said of the day she lost her farmland to one of the biggest Chinese investment projects in the country—the Letpadaung copper mining project.

The project is a joint venture between China's Wanbao mining company—a subsidiary of Norinco, a weapons manufacturer—and the Myanmar military-owned conglomerate Union of Myanmar Economic Holdings Ltd (UMEHL).

One day before Ma Win Mar lost her land, on Dec. 22, a woman in her 50s was shot dead by police during a clash with villagers at the project site while company employees tried to fence off farmland unlawfully claimed by the company.

It was the latest flashpoint between security forces and local villagers who refused to take compensation from the company for the expansion of the project, from which 100,000 tons of copper is slated to be extracted annually starting from 2015.

The death of Daw Khin Win, who was shot in the head, came just over two years since another violent government crackdown on Letpadaung protestors in November 2012. During the early morning raid, police used smoke bombs containing white phosphorus to disperse protestors, injuring more than 100 people, the majority of them Buddhist monks.

Conditional Approval

Situated on the western bank of the Chindwin River in Sagaing Region, the Letpadaung copper mine near Monywa in upper Myanmar has been a source of public outcry since 2012.

Myanmar Wanbao Mining Copper Ltd signed a joint venture with UMEHL in mid-2010 and a 60-year land grant for the project was acquired from the Ministry of Home Affairs in August 2012. Since then, just over 7,867 acres of land in the Letpadaung region have been confiscated to make way for the US$997 million expansion of the copper mine.

Following the November 2012 crackdown, the government formed an investigation commission led by Daw Aung San Suu Kyi to determine whether the project should go ahead.

In its report, issued in March 2013, the commission suggested the project should proceed, but only after outstanding concerns affecting "the interests of the country, local people and younger generations" were addressed.

It provided 42 recommendations that included urging stakeholders to devise a new contract that was more beneficial for the country, pay land compensation to local people at the market price and carry out a more comprehensive Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA).

Myanmar Wanbao Mining Ltd welcomed the decision of the report and pledged to heed its call to listen to the needs of the local community. The company, the government and the UMEHL signed a new contract in July 2013 that provided for the government to keep 51 percent of profits from the venture.

Immediately following the report's release, President U Thein Sein formed a 15-member committee, supervised by a President's Office minister and including directors from UMEHL and Wanbao as members, to implement the findings of the inquiry commission.

However, none of these official moves managed to quell local opposition to the project arising from loss of farmland, inadequate compensation, the project's environmental impact and the destruction of sacred religious structures.

Over the past two years, confrontations between villagers and security forces have continued as the mine's operators attempted to extend the project's operating area. Four villages have been forced to relocate for the mine so far and land around 32 other farming villages, inhabited by more than 25,000 people, is also being acquired.

Many villagers are reluctant to take compensation after growing up in families that have tilled the surrounding farmlands for generations. For them, their land is their livelihood and the only inheritance they can hand down to the next generation in their family.

"We are just farmers," said 38-year-old Hse Tae villager Daw Yee Win, whose 14 acres of land were confiscated last year. "All we know is how to farm. I just want my land back as I am not sure the compensation they pay will guarantee our livelihood. We firmly believe that as long as we can work on our land, we will not go hungry."

The Blame Game

In the wake of the fatal shooting last December, Daw Aung San Suu Kyi said the committee formed by the government to implement her report's recommendations had failed to act.

"The committee did carry out some recommendations, but it has not fully implemented [them]… It has not followed the recommendations to the letter," she told the media in December.

In response, U Tin Myint, the secretary of the implementation committee, claimed that 29 out of 42 recommendations had been carried out and an amended ESIA draft was underway, the state-run paper The Mirror reported on Jan. 9.

U Tin Myint said that since 2011, farmland surrounding the mine project area was seized in accordance with land acquisition by laws and that the committee had paid more than 11 billion kyat in total for land compensation, at market prices, as suggested by the report.

He added that, although some locals refused to accept compensation for their land, the land could still be confiscated under section 16 of the Land Acquisition Law that, according to the secretary, "permits a district administrator to seize land for a state project without any interference."

U Tin Myint blamed "outside organizations and networks" for conspiring to destroy the project, a sentiment that faintly echoed a statement issued by Wanbao on Dec. 30 in which the Chinese company referred to political organizations and activists that were seeking to "make political gains."

The company defended its record in implementing the inquiry commission's recommendations and claimed it had the "overwhelming support" of local communities. However, it also asserted that issues of land use and resettlement were the responsibility of the government and the UMEHL.

Daw Khin San Hlaing, a Lower House parliamentarian from Sagaing Region and a member of the investigation commission, said local people had lost faith in the implementation committee as it had failed to carry out most of the recommendations.

"The most evident failure is that the project still doesn't have an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment. Without the assessment, the company is now trying to expand the project by fencing farmland without owners' approval," she said.

"As a committee endorsed by the president, they should be honest as to why they have failed to implement the recommendations [and indicate] what else is left to be done rather than scapegoating other people."

The lawmaker said if the committee failed to implement the recommendations of the report, the government should abolish it and form a new one.

She also warned Wanbao that if it couldn't follow the recommendations, it should shut down the project, as the mounting issues facing the copper mine could deter potential foreign investment in Myanmar.

Ma Thwe Thwe Win, a Hse Tae villager, said that local people accept the recommendations of the report but feel betrayed that the committee has failed to implement them.

She said that many locals had lost faith in the project given the problems they have faced over the last two years.

"Apart from the promise that [project developers] would strictly follow the recommendations [of the report], local people should have a voice in whether the project should go ahead," she said.

For Ma Win Khaing, the daughter of Daw Khin Win, who was shot dead by police in the Dec. 22 clash, only the complete cancellation of the project would do.

"If the project still exists, we're afraid there will be more cases like my mother's," she said. 

Additional reporting contributed by Zarni Mann in Mandalay.

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UN: North Korean Company Renames Ships to Evade Sanctions

Posted: 25 Feb 2015 10:12 PM PST

North Korean container ship Chong Chon Gang is seen at the Manzanillo International container terminal dock in Colon city on Aug. 14, 2013. (Photo: Reuters)

North Korean container ship Chong Chon Gang is seen at the Manzanillo International container terminal dock in Colon city on Aug. 14, 2013. (Photo: Reuters)

UNITED NATIONS — A North Korean shipping company that famously tried to hide fighter jets under a cargo of sugar later sought to evade UN sanctions by renaming most of its vessels, a new report says.

The effort by Pyongyang-headquartered Ocean Maritime Management Company is detailed in the report by a panel of experts that monitors sanctions on North Korea. The report, obtained by The Associated Press, makes clear the challenge of keeping banned arms and luxury goods from a nuclear-armed country with a history of using front companies to duck detection.

The UN Security Council holds consultations Thursday on the report, which also says North Korea's government persists with its nuclear and missile programs in defiance of council resolutions.

The council last year imposed sanctions on OMM after Panama in 2013 seized a ship it operated that carried undeclared military equipment from Cuba. Panamanian authorities found two Cuban fighter jets, missiles and live munitions beneath the Chong Chon Gang's cargo of sugar.

The council's sanctions committee said that violated a UN arms embargo imposed in response to North Korea's nuclear and missile programs. At the time, US Ambassador to the United Nations Samantha Power said that imposing a global asset freeze on OMM meant that the company would no longer be able to operate internationally.

But the new report says that in the months after the sanctions were imposed, 13 of the 14 ships controlled by OMM changed their owners and managers, "effectively erasing" the company from a database kept by the International Maritime Organization. Twelve of the ships "reportedly stayed, visited or were sighted near ports in foreign countries," and none were frozen by member states as the panel of experts recommends.

The new report explores the shipping company's global reach, using people and entities operating in at least 10 countries: Brazil, China, Egypt, Greece, Japan, Malaysia, Peru, Russia, Singapore and Thailand. The report recommends updating the sanctions list with 34 OMM entities and says all 14 vessels should be subject to sanctions.

No interdictions of the kind that Panama made in 2013 were reported in the period between Feb. 8 of last year and Feb. 5 of this year. But the new report warns that the panel of experts sees no evidence that North Korea "intends to cease prohibited activities."

The report also says diplomats, officials and trade representatives of North Korea continue to "play key roles in facilitating the trade of prohibited items, including arms and related material and ballistic missile-related items."

The panel of experts warns that some UN member states still are not implementing the council resolutions that are meant to keep North Korea from further violations.

North Korea also faces an embargo on luxury goods, but the report found that it managed to bring in luxury goods from multiple countries, including with the help of its diplomatic missions. Some items were for the country's Masik Pass luxury ski resort, which opened in 2013. China told the panel of experts that the ski lift equipment it provided was acceptable because "skiing is a popular sport for people" and that ski items are not specifically prohibited.

In another case, a yacht seen alongside leader Kim Jong-un in 2013 was sourced by the panel of experts to a British manufacturer, Princess Yachts International, which the panel said did not reply to a request for more information.

The panel also said it has opened its first investigation into a case involving North Korean drones after the wreckage of three drones was found in South Korea in late 2013 and 2014. The report says the drones had been used for reconnaissance over South Korean military facilities and that the drones contained components "sourced from at least six foreign countries."

North Korea protests that the UN sanctions are harmful to its citizens, but the report says it has found no incidents where they "directly resulted in shortages of … humanitarian aid." It does recommend that the sanctions committee propose exemptions for purely food, medical or other humanitarian needs.

The post UN: North Korean Company Renames Ships to Evade Sanctions appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

Govt Confirms Bird Flu Outbreak in Monywa

Posted: 25 Feb 2015 08:55 PM PST

Chickens are slaughtered, defeathered and prepared for sale at a Rangoon Market. (Photo: Steve Tickner / The Irrawaddy)

Chickens are slaughtered, defeathered and prepared for sale at a Rangoon Market. (Photo: Steve Tickner / The Irrawaddy)

RANGOON — The government has confirmed an avian flu outbreak in a poultry farming area in upper Burma, according to an announcement in state-run media on Thursday.

A statement released by the Ministry of Livestock, Fisheries and Rural Development said that a number of chickens and quail have been found dead at poultry farms in Monywa, Sagaing Division since Feb. 10, leading to a laboratory confirmation of the presence of the H5N1 influenza virus in the animal carcasses.

Up to Wednesday, more than 10,000 chickens and quail have died from the virus, and more than 20,000 have been culled, according to Sagaing Division's Livestock Breeding and Veterinary Department.

Local media reported that poultry in the area are now under quarantine, and so far there have been no reports of human infection.

The announcement said biosecurity protocols in the affected area have been tightened and guidelines have been set to prevent further infection.

The post Govt Confirms Bird Flu Outbreak in Monywa appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

UN Rights Chief Warns Burma Risks Faltering on Reform Path 

Posted: 25 Feb 2015 08:50 PM PST

 Jordan's Prince Zeid Ra'ad Zeid al-Hussein, U.N. High Commissioner for Human Rights pauses during a news conference at the United Nations European headquarters in Geneva October 16, 2014. (Photo: Reuters)

Jordan’s Prince Zeid Ra’ad Zeid al-Hussein, U.N. High Commissioner for Human Rights pauses during a news conference at the United Nations European headquarters in Geneva October 16, 2014. (Photo: Reuters)

BERLIN — The United Nation’s top human right official says Burma is "headed in the wrong direction" amid a crackdown on dissidents and minorities.

The Southeast Asian nation’s military-backed government has pledged to introduce democratic reforms and hold elections later this year.

But U.N. High Commissioner for Human Rights Zeid Ra’ad al-Hussein warned Wednesday that "recent developments relating to the human rights of minorities, the freedom of expression and the right to peaceful protest are calling into question the direction of that reform, and even threatening to set it back."

Zeid cited the jailing of peaceful protesters, journalists and opposition figures, as well as persecution of Burma’s Rohingya, a Muslim minority group.

He said "accountability for the military will be a key test for the transition."

The post UN Rights Chief Warns Burma Risks Faltering on Reform Path  appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

Overfishing Driving Slavery on Thailand’s Seafood Boats 

Posted: 25 Feb 2015 09:28 PM PST

Migrant workers from Myanmar unload fish as a Thai buyer takes notes at the port of Mahachai near Bangkok Feb. 23, 2010. (Photo: Reuters)

Migrant workers from Myanmar unload fish as a Thai buyer takes notes at the port of Mahachai near Bangkok Feb. 23, 2010. (Photo: Reuters)

SAMUT SAKHON, Thailand — Urine pools under a bed where an emaciated Burmese man lies wearing only a T-shirt and a diaper.

As he struggles to sit up and steady himself, he tears at his thick, dark hair in agitation. He cannot walk and doesn’t remember his family or even his own name. He speaks mostly gibberish in broken Indonesian — a language he learned while working in the country as a slave aboard a Thai fishing boat.

Near death from a lack of proper food, he was rescued from a tiny island in Indonesia two months ago. He is just one of countless hidden casualties from the fishing industry in Thailand, the world’s third-largest seafood exporter.

A report released Wednesday by the British nonprofit Environmental Justice Foundation said that overfishing and the use of illegal and undocumented trawlers have ravaged Thailand's marine ecosystems and depleted fish stocks. Boats are now catching about 85 percent less than what they brought in 50 years ago, making it "one of the most overfished regions on the planet," the report said.

Shrinking fisheries in the Gulf of Thailand and Andaman Sea have, in turn, pushed Thai fishing boats farther and farther from home. The group estimates that up to half of all fish labeled a "product of Thailand" is sourced from outside its borders—mainly in Asia, but as far away as Africa.

The report, compiled from the group's own research and the work of others, explains how Thailand’s vast seafood industry is almost wholly dependent on cheap migrant labor. Since few Thais are willing to take the dangerous, low-level jobs that can take them far from home, a sophisticated network of brokers and agents has emerged, regularly recruiting laborers from impoverished neighboring countries such as Burma and Cambodia, often through trickery and kidnapping.

Men—and sometimes children as young as 13—are sold onto boats where they typically work 18- to 20-hour days with little food and often only boiled sea water to drink, enduring beatings and sometimes even death at the hands in their captains. Most are paid little or nothing. They can be trapped at sea for months or years at a time; transshipment vessels are routinely used to pick up catches and deliver supplies.

Concerns about labor abuses, especially at sea, prompted the U.S. State Department last year to downgrade Thailand to the lowest level in its annual human trafficking report, putting the country on par with North Korea, Iran and Syria. It highlighted abuse on both ships and in processing plants, noting widespread involvement from corrupt officials.

The Southeast Asian nation responded by launching a major public relations campaign, with the government drafting its own country assessment to highlight steps taken to clean up the industry since a military junta took control of Thailand in May. The unreleased Thai report, obtained by The Associated Press, includes establishing a new national registry of illegal migrant workers and plans for stricter labor regulations on vessels and in the seafood industry.

However, just a month after the new government stepped in, Thailand was the only country in the world to vote against a U.N. international treaty aimed at stopping forced labor.

"If you drill down, if you look at the substance of enforcement and the implementation of existing laws and regulations, it’s minimal," said Steve Trent, the group’s executive director. "What the Thai government seems to do repeatedly, again and again in the face of these accusations, is conduct a high-powered PR exercise rather than seek to address the problem."

A Thai government spokesman and officials at the Department of Fisheries did not immediately respond to The Associated Press’ requests for comment.

Thailand, which exported US$7 billion in seafood in 2013, is one of the biggest suppliers to the U.S. But a study published last year in the journal Marine Policy estimated 25 percent to 40 percent of tuna shipped from Thailand to America is from illegal or unreported sources — the highest rate of any species or country examined — and is frequently linked to labor abuses at sea.

Human rights advocates say some improvements have been noted in domestic waters, but such policies have little impact when vessels stray into the territorial waters of other countries. Traveling longer distances to catch fish raises operating costs, and increases pressure on fishing companies to save money by relying on forced, bonded and slave labor.

"On long-haul boats, nothing has changed in the brutal working conditions and physical abuse meted out by captains against their crews," said Phil Robertson, deputy director of Human Rights Watch’s Asia division, who has worked extensively on the issue. "The reality is the Thai government’s high-sounding rhetoric to stop human trafficking and clean up the fishing fleets still largely stops at the water’s edge."

The man rescued from the Indonesian island in December now remembers his name—Min Min—and bits of his old life in Burma. But his mind remains far from clear.

He knows he worked three years on a boat in Indonesia where his ankles were sometimes bound with rope. He recalls collapsing one day on deck during a storm and being unconscious for three hours before the Thai captain forced him to get up and haul the nets back in.

Eventually, he became too sick and weak to work and was abandoned on the remote island two years ago.

Min Min was on the verge of starvation when he was rescued and taken to the nonprofit Labor Rights Protection Network in Samut Sakhon, a gritty port town on the outskirts of Bangkok. He’s eating well and taking vitamins to try to regain his strength, and he can now stand and slowly shuffle across the floor.

He is still far from well. He’s confused about such basics as his age, saying once that he is 43 and later that he is 36. If his family back in Burma is mentioned, he becomes rattled and stutters his thoughts as if it’s too much to bear.

"Working on the boat is no good. People like to take advantage of you," he said. "If I recover from my illness, I’ll never be on a boat again in my life. Never again. I’m scared."

The post Overfishing Driving Slavery on Thailand's Seafood Boats  appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

Philippine Troops Attack Abu Sayyaf Militants, 7 Killed

Posted: 25 Feb 2015 09:23 PM PST

Soldiers aboard a military truck as they are deployed to remote villages in the southern Philippine province of Sulu last October. (Photo: Reuters)

Soldiers aboard a military truck as they are deployed to remote villages in the southern Philippine province of Sulu last October. (Photo: Reuters)

MANILA — Philippine troops, backed by artillery fire and assault helicopters, battled about 300 Abu Sayyaf rebels in fighting Wednesday that left two soldiers and five militants dead in the country’s restive south, officials said.

Military spokesman Lt. Col. Harold Cabunoc said 16 other soldiers were wounded in the daylong fighting in a jungle near Patikul town in Sulu province where the large number of Abu Sayyaf gunmen had gathered.

At least 16 militants were wounded, Cabunoc said, citing army reports.

The Abu Sayyaf gunmen, led by commander Hatib Sawadjaan, have been blamed for several ransom kidnappings, including of two German tourists who were freed in October after six months of jungle captivity, reportedly in exchange for 250 million pesos (US$5.6 million).

Some of the militants who clashed with government troops Wednesday were from nearby Basilan island, and it was not clear why they had joined up with Sawadjaan’s forces in the poor, predominantly Muslim province of Sulu. The militants later split into smaller groups as they withdrew and were being pursued by army troops and marines, the military said.

The Abu Sayyaf, a loose grouping of about 400 mostly poor rural fighters, has turned to kidnappings for ransom, extortion and other crimes to survive years of battle setbacks dealt by US military-backed Philippine offensives.

The Sulu-based gunmen are still holding a Dutch birdwatcher who was kidnapped more than two years ago, and a Malaysian police officer who was abducted last year in Malaysia’s Sabah state.

The extremist group has had links to the al-Qaida network and is on a US list of terrorist organizations for deadly bombings, kidnappings and beheadings.

At least two of its commanders have pledged support for the Islamic State group, but Philippine security officials say there are no signs so far of any organizational links between the extremists.

The post Philippine Troops Attack Abu Sayyaf Militants, 7 Killed appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

Reunions and Ransoms: A Day Online in Burma’s Rohingya Camps

Posted: 25 Feb 2015 09:16 PM PST

Jeweliyar, a 35-year-old Rohingya, counts Burmese currency while her mother Toryubar, 65, watches on in an Internet hut in Thae Chaung village near Sittwe, the capital of Arakan State in western Burma. (Photo: Reuters)

Jeweliyar, a 35-year-old Rohingya, counts Burmese currency while her mother Toryubar, 65, watches on in an Internet hut in Thae Chaung village near Sittwe, the capital of Arakan State in western Burma. (Photo: Reuters)

THAE CHAUNG, Arakan State — In this teeming camp for displaced Rohingya Muslims in western Burma, it's easy to overlook the Internet huts. The raw emotion they generate is much harder to ignore.

The huts have bamboo walls, thatched roofs and—most importantly—dusty laptop computers that allow Rohingya to re-establish contact with relatives who have left on boats for Thailand and Malaysia. The Internet connection comes via cellphones jammed into the cobweb-strewn rafters.

Smoke from the camp's cooking fires seeps in through the flimsy walls. Sound drifts out just as easily, obliging callers to share their personal dramas with everyone nearby.

What emerges is an intimate portrait of the Rohingya, a mostly stateless people living in often grim conditions in Burma, where many consider them illegal immigrants. The huts also provide an insight into the human traffickers who profit from the boat-people and the families they leave behind.

Today, there is joy: Fatima, 56, is blessing her son's choice of bride. Connected via a Skype-like app, he sits in an Internet cafe in the Malaysian capital Kuala Lumpur, where he works as a cleaner.

"Of course you must marry her, if her skin is fair," Fatima tells him. Her son promises to introduce his sweetheart in a later call.

Other exchanges are tragic or sinister.

Many people arrive with scraps of paper with a cellphone number with a Malaysian country code. These belong to the traffickers who each year ferry thousands of Rohingya to Thailand, where they are routinely held for ransom in remote camps near the border with Malaysia.

Freedom costs US$1,200 to US$1,800—a fortune for most Rohingya living on a dollar or two a day.

A trafficker is demanding $1,400 to release Rahana's 12-year-old son. Rahana, who like many Rohingya women goes by a single name, has already sent $1,100, but the trafficker wants the balance.

At least she is allowed to talk briefly with her son. Usually, after an initial "proof of life" call, traffickers do not let relatives speak until paid in full.

A man answers the Malaysian number Rahana calls. "Let me speak to my son," she tells him. A few seconds pass. Then a small voice says, "Mum?"

Rahana's eyes fill with tears and her jaw trembles. She quickly composes herself.

"I will send the money," she tells the boy. "Then they will let you go." After the call, Rahana is dazed and fretful. "My son told me he was sick," she says. "Whenever he eats, he vomits."

'They Trust Me'

Thae Chaung was a fishing village until 2012, when ethnic Arakanese Buddhists drove thousands of Rohingya from the nearby city of Sittwe. Religious violence in Arakan State that year killed at least 200 people and left 140,000 homeless.

Today, Thae Chaung is a grimy, overcrowded camp. For most residents, a boat to Thailand is the only way out.

All those arrivals and departures presented Rohingya merchant Kyaw Thein, 29, with an opportunity.

Until 2012, he sold ice and gasoline to village fishermen. Now he runs a busy Internet hut, charging 100 kyats (10 cents) per minute for an overseas call on one of three battered laptops that are in almost constant use.

He provides other services too.

Rohingya working overseas routinely send money to relatives back home. This can be wired to the Sittwe bank account of an Arakanese middleman, who brings the cash to Kyaw Thein. He then gives it to the relatives—minus his 1.5 percent commission.

His windowless shack is also the conduit for thousands of dollars in ransom money.

Relatives entrust Kyaw Thein with bricks of kyat that he delivers to a Rohingya middleman in a nearby village. He says he does not charge for this service or deal directly with the traffickers. "They trust me," he says, "but I don't trust them."

In the past, Kyaw Thein says, Rohingya had to pay hundreds of dollars to board Malaysia-bound boats. Now, they pay only a few dollars to be ferried to large ships moored far offshore.

Their onward voyage is free—because traffickers know they can extort much higher sums by detaining these boat people once they arrive in Thailand or Malaysia.

Brokers roam the Rohingya camps dotted along the Arakan coastline, says Kyaw Thein, and get a "finder's fee" from traffickers for each passenger they deliver.

Abdul Kadar blames these brokers for luring away his 14-year-old daughter. She left home one morning to visit a neighbor and never came back.

She is now in a camp in Thailand or Malaysia. The traffickers want $1,500 that Abdul Kadar, a whippet-thin rickshaw driver, cannot pay.

"They told me they would kick her off the top of a mountain," he says.

Abdul Kadar told them to find a man who wants to marry her, then ask him to pay the ransom. He knows he is effectively giving them permission to sell his daughter.

"All I have are worries," he says. "I can't do anything."

The post Reunions and Ransoms: A Day Online in Burma's Rohingya Camps appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

National News

National News


Ten more rice firms for China trade after outcry

Posted: 26 Feb 2015 01:18 AM PST

The Myanmar Rice Federation will accept invitations for ten more rice companies to receive permission to export rice to China after the first nine firms it selected were criticised for their lack of experience.

Freedom brings little respite for political prisoners

Posted: 26 Feb 2015 12:48 AM PST

Thousands of former political prisoners in Myanmar are still suffering, according to the Assistance Association for Political Prisoners (AAPP), due to financial hardship and poor health.

Damning health indicators for Eastern Shan

Posted: 26 Feb 2015 12:43 AM PST

The failings of the state health system have left eastern Myanmar with disease and mortality indicators closer to those of war-torn Somalia than to the rest of Myanmar, a new large-scale survey has shown.

'Slap on the wrist': corruption goes unpunished

Posted: 26 Feb 2015 12:40 AM PST

Just one of 450 civil servants punished for corruption has received a jail term in the almost four years since U Thein Sein's government took office, a senior minister has revealed, with the vast majority receiving a slap on the wrist.

Protests highlight labour law shortcomings

Posted: 26 Feb 2015 12:38 AM PST

Labour groups have blamed weaknesses in the legal framework for an outbreak of protests at factories in Yangon that has resulted in confrontations between workers and police.

Kachin investigation team to seek UN participation

Posted: 26 Feb 2015 12:32 AM PST

The Kachin Baptist Convention plans to ask the United Nations to join its team investigating the rape and murder of two female volunteers in northern Shan State in January, a senior official said.

Female prisoners injured in Kokang convoy attack

Posted: 25 Feb 2015 11:40 PM PST

Dozens of female prisoners were injured in a fierce firefight between rebels and soldiers in northeastern Myanmar following an attack on a government convoy, state media has confirmed.

UN rights rep cautions on backsliding

Posted: 25 Feb 2015 11:30 PM PST

The United Nations human rights chief has warned that widespread abuses of minority rights in Myanmar threatened to undermine reforms in the country.

Kokang on agenda at March peace talks

Posted: 25 Feb 2015 03:47 PM PST

Fighting in the Kokang region between the Tatmadaw and a local ethnic armed group will be up for discussion at the next round of peace talks, but Kokang representatives will likely be barred from the talks.

Wednesday, February 25, 2015

The Irrawaddy Magazine

The Irrawaddy Magazine


Rangoon Labor Strike Continues on Small Scale Amid Rising Tension

Posted: 25 Feb 2015 07:36 AM PST

Protesting garment workers rest at their protest camp outside the E-Land Myanmar factory in Rangoon's Shwepyithar Industrial Zone. (Photo: Steve Tickner / The Irrawaddy)

Protesting garment workers rest at their protest camp outside the E-Land Myanmar factory in Rangoon's Shwepyithar Industrial Zone. (Photo: Steve Tickner / The Irrawaddy)

RANGOON — All garment factories that have been at the center of a long-running strike have reopened, but about 100 laborers continued to protest on Wednesday to demand a pay rise, a labor activist said.

Labor union leaders called on factory owners, the government and laborers to come to the negotiating table to resolve the stand-off, which has become increasingly tense. The Labor Ministry issued a statement on Tuesday warning of legal actions against protestors, while several laborers were arrested in recent days.

Naing Lin Aung, coordinator for Myanmar Trade Unions Federation (MTUF) at Rangoon's Shwepyithar Industrial Zone, said some 100 workers were continuing their protests on Wednesday, although their numbers had shrunk in recent days. "Among the protesting workers, some are still protesting, some have gone back to work, some have gone home, and some are somewhere else," he said.

On Feb. 2, about 2,000 employees of the E-Land Myanmar, COSTEC and Ford Glory garment factories stopped work to demand a raise in monthly wages to 80,000 kyats [US$78], up from 50,000 kyats. The factories, which are owned by Chinese and South Korean firms, according to the workers, rejected the demands and offered 62,000 kyats.

Aung Lin, chairman of MTUF, on Wednesday called on laborers, employers and government to resolve the dispute, but said the demonstrators had taken to the streets too soon as the Labor Dispute Tribunal was still reviewing the dispute.

A protestor employed at E-Land Myanmar, who asked not to be named, said the remaining workers wanted to continue to strike and were operating independently from the labor unions. "Our salary is low. We, with our own will, started to protest. We did the camp ourselves," he said, adding that E-Land Myanmar workers had only received small pay rises after organizing several strikes in recent years.

Four rounds of negotiations between government, employer and employee representatives failed to produce an agreement in recent weeks and laborers declined to attend a planned meeting this week after the arrest of one protest leader last week.

Naing Lin Aung, the MTUF coordinator, said he heard protest organizer Myo Min Min and a demonstrator named Naing Htay Lwin had been apprehended on Feb. 21, while Naing Zaw, a worker from COSTEC, was arrested at his home in Hlaing Thar Yar Township on Tuesday.

The Ministry of Labor, Employment and Social Security said in a statement published in state media on Monday that it would continue to try and broker an agreement between employers and laborers, but warned authorities would take legal action against those who continue to protests and "harm peace and rule of law," or incite unrest.

A Myanmar Garment Manufacturers Association statement published in state media said the workers were disrupting factory operations and claimed the laborers' actions were "unlawful." It said that if the factories were forced to shut down because of a protracted strike, employers would have no responsibility to compensate workers for loss of income.

When Irrawaddy reporters visited the protest on Tuesday the atmosphere was tense and protestors said they were weary of journalists as Special Branch police had pretended to be members of the media to query them.

Men in plain clothes appeared to be monitoring protestors and journalists covering the event. Shortly after a foreign Irrawaddy photographer arrived, Immigration Department officials appeared and demanded to see his visa.

A middle-aged Burmese man identifying himself as Ni Ni took photos of reporters on Tuesday and claimed to be a journalist with Kamayut Media. The office of the local news outlet later told The Irrawaddy that they employed no reporter by that name.

The post Rangoon Labor Strike Continues on Small Scale Amid Rising Tension appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

Avoid Antagonizing, Election Chief Tells Ethnic Alliance

Posted: 25 Feb 2015 07:28 AM PST

Tin Aye, chairman of Burma's Union Election Commission, speaks during a meeting in Pathein, Irrawaddy Division, in April 2014. (Photo: The Irrawaddy)

Tin Aye, chairman of Burma's Union Election Commission, speaks during a meeting in Pathein, Irrawaddy Division, in April 2014. (Photo: The Irrawaddy)

RANGOON — The chairman of Burma's Union Election Commission (UEC) has warned an alliance of ethnic political parties not to butt heads with the government, after the group released a statement backing student protesters in their push to amend the National Education Law.

The United Nationalities Alliance (UNA) released its statement of support on Feb. 19 following a three-day UNA conference in Rangoon involving seven of the alliance's eight political parties, eight ethnic armed groups, seven civil society organizations and 18 non-UNA political parties.

In its statement, the alliance urged the government to immediately implement the student protesters' demands for 11 amendments to the National Education Law, changes that the government has agreed to in principle. The statement also urged the government not to use violence to disperse student protestors who have been marching to Rangoon from Mandalay since Jan. 20.

The students have vowed to march to Rangoon regardless of whether their demands are met, while the government has warned that it will take "actions in accordance with the law" if the students attempt to enter the city. Protestors have temporarily suspended their march in Letpadan, Pegu Division, about 85 miles northwest of Rangoon, and have said they will continue the walk on March 1.

The UEC chairman, Tin Aye, met with the UNA on Monday in Rangoon.

"The chairman told us he called [the meeting] to tell the UNA and its allied parties that our approach should not go against the government's approach—which is going gently and peacefully—and not to oppose that approach," said Aye Thar Aung, leader of the Arakan National Party (ANP), who attended the meeting.

He said the chairman told the UNA representatives that political parties should cooperate with the government to resolve some of the country's numerous problems, from land and labor rights to the student protests and a contentious debate over voting rights for non-citizens. The government, Tin Aye was quoted as saying, is doing its best to address the issues.

Aye Thar Aung said the commission chairman inquired about the aim and outcomes of the UNA-led conference held from Feb. 17-19.

"The conference was the second time. We held the first conference last year in December. After the first, the commission didn't call us to ask about it. But this time, I think they focused on communicating [their concerns] about the students' protest over the National Education Law," he said.

"The chairman said the student issue is quite sensitive and so to handle it with the great care."

This week's remarks are not the first time the UEC chairman has attempted to discourage dissenting voices: They come about two months after he controversially warned that "instability" in Burma could see the military stage another coup.

And in May 2014, the UEC claimed that opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi and her National League for Democracy (NLD) were violating her oath as a parliamentarian and contravening constitutional rules for political parties by "challenging the army" in pushing for amendments to the Constitution.

The national elections, slated for late October or early November of this year, are seen as a major barometer of the country's democratic reforms and Tin Aye's handling of the vote has come in for extra scrutiny due to his former ties to the ruling Union Solidarity and Development Party (USDP). The former general and ex-USDP lawmaker officially renounced his party affiliation after he was appointed to the UEC post by President Thein Sein in 2011.

Ko Ko, chairman of Rangoon's UEC chapter, said the commission this week was simply seeking to "remind" the UNA to abide by the law as elections approach.

"The UNA held the meeting and released a statement a few days ago. We don't blame them for holding their meeting. But we have a duty to remind, so we called them and told them to respect and follow the Election Law and the Political Parties Registration Law," said Ko Ko, who also attended Monday's meeting.

Additional reporting by Khin Oo Tha and Zue Zue.

The post Avoid Antagonizing, Election Chief Tells Ethnic Alliance appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

More Questions than Answers in Kokang Dilemma

Posted: 25 Feb 2015 07:15 AM PST

A woman walks with her belongings down an otherwise deserted street in Laukkai earlier this month. (Photo: JPaing / The Irrawaddy)

A woman walks with her belongings down an otherwise deserted street in Laukkai earlier this month. (Photo: JPaing / The Irrawaddy)

After more than two weeks of intense fighting between Kokang rebels and the Burma Army around Laukkai, a number of questions remain unanswered.

The first is what bearing the conflict will have on the country's peace process, with the government ostensibly still hoping to conclude a nationwide ceasefire agreement before the 2015 general election.

Renewed doubts have been expressed about the likelihood of a peace accord being reached—this time, from within the senior echelons of the Burma Army itself. Last week, Defense Minister Lt. Gen. Wai Lwin told Radio Free Asia that recent fighting in the Kokang Special Zone could "damage Myanmar’s democratic reform and peacemaking process."

"As the nation has grown increasingly unstable [due to the fighting], the general election could be thrown into chaos," he said.

The second question is whether the conflict will alter the public's view of the Burma Army. Last week President Thein Sein and Commander-in-Chief Snr-Gen Min Aung Hlaing visited wounded soldiers and vowed to continue to ensure Burma's "territorial integrity". Later the Burma Army held a ceremony in Lashio to honor and bury the soldiers killed in Laukkai earlier this month, generating an outpouring of public sympathy and support.

The fierce clashes near the Chinese border, according to some army commanders on the frontline, is going to be a long battle, and they have admitted that the Kokang troops are better equipped than during previous clashes in 2009.

The third question is how the Kokang fighters were able to catch the Burma Army off guard for long enough to press their claim in Laukkai. The National Democratic Alliance Army (MNDAA) was well prepared for their Feb. 9 offensive, inconspicuously taking residence in town months before the conflict began, and according to on the ground reports, the recipients of ammunition and support from other rebel armies in the region.

Army officers on the frontline said that they were countering different kinds of guerrilla warfare in urban areas, with MNDAA troops attempting to draw the opposing side into rural areas, where the rebel forces have bases and a superior knowledge of the terrain. They also said that initial intelligence suggested the rebel forces had been planning to take over Lashio, before coming to the conclusion that they did not have the capacity to overrun a town of that size.

Throughout the conflict, there has been speculation that other ethnic armed groups have been supporting the MNDAA, raising the possibility that the recent attack is, in part, a retaliatory move against the Burma Army's shelling of a Kachin Independence Army training camp last November.

A total of 23 cadets were killed during the artillery attack, drawn from groups as diverse as the All Burma Students' Democratic Front, Arakan Army, Chin National Front and Ta'ang National Liberation Army (TNLA), and four Kachin commanders were injured. Many of these groups are active around northern Shan State, and the Burma Army believes many are party to the recent offensive.

As infantry divisions were called in to contain the spread of the insurgency along the roads between Laukkai and Lashio, some editorials in Rangoon-based journals asked whether the Burma Army had underestimated the rebels, questioning whether it had the skills to successfully prosecute an urban counterinsurgency.

In 2009, the Burma Army faced little resistance when it drove MNDAA leader Peng Jiasheng from Laukkai, shutting down his arms factory and drug business in the process. It was believed at the time that the move was retaliation for Peng—who had hitherto maintained two decades of cordial relations with the government—refusing to cede his troops to the government's Border Guard Force.

Peng, who is now aged in his mid-80s, fled to Wa territory after the 2009 skirmish to regroup his army. It has been suggested by the government that the MNDAA received ammunition and support from the United Wa State Army (UWSA) during the recent attack, a claim the UWSA denies.

Whether or not this was the case, it certainly seems that the Kokang were well prepared for this offensive.

For instance, on the night of Feb. 15, rebels drove dozens of vehicles into Laukkai, managing to kill a number of Burma Army officers and soldiers in a surprise attack by utilizing sniper rifles and night vision goggles.

After the attack, rebels retreated quickly but a rear guard force remained embedded in the town, killing several more soldiers. Some refugees fleeing the conflict reported seeing rebel soldiers sneaking across the border with China.

Which leads to the final question: the extent to which China is implicated in the current conflict. Aung Min, the Burmese government's chief negotiator, said that China was not responsible for the events of the last month, although Lt-Gen Myat Htun Oo also claimed that "Chinese mercenaries" had joined the ranks of the MNDAA.

Back in July 2013, Snr-Gen Min Aung Hlaing received Gen. Fan Changlong of the People's Liberation Army, with the pair holding a wide-ranging discussion on cooperation between the two armies, border stability and the eradication of narcotics in the region, according to contemporary reports in state-run newspapers. It is certain they canvassed the lingering issue of the Kokang rebels at the time, but it remains unknown what was discussed.

Since the beginning of peace talks between the Burmese government and rebel groups in the north of the country, China has sent officials from both Yunnan and Beijing to observe these meetings. What is certain is China's continued determination to maintain its influence along the Burmese border, where the Burma Army has never been able to establish an uncontested presence.

The post More Questions than Answers in Kokang Dilemma appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

Fighting Spreads Through Northern Shan State, Displacing Hundreds of Civilians

Posted: 25 Feb 2015 04:08 AM PST

Civilians displaced by fighting between the Burma Army and Kokang rebels in Lashio, Shan State, February 2015. (Photo: JPaing / The Irrawaddy)

Civilians displaced by fighting between the Burma Army and Kokang rebels in Lashio, Shan State, February 2015. (Photo: JPaing / The Irrawaddy)

RANGOON — Heavy fighting between the Burma Army and ethnic rebels is continuing in northern Shan State and has spread beyond the Kokang Special Region in recent days, causing hundreds of civilians to flee, rebel officers and aid workers said on Wednesday.

Since Feb. 9, fighting has raged in the Kokang area on the Burma-China border. The heaviest clashes took place in and around the region's administrative capital Laukkai until the army established control of the town about a week ago.

In recent days, army operations have expanded and targeted rebel positions of the Kokang rebels, also known as the Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army (MNDAA), and the Ta'ang National Liberation Army (TNLA) in Laukkai Township and areas further north and south in Konyan and Kunlong townships. The TNLA and the Arakan Army are allied with the MNDAA.

Htun Myat Lin, MNDAA general-secretary, said units of his group clashed with the army in a village called Peng Shwe Shen in Laukkai Township on Tuesday, adding that he heard reports of large army convoys leaving Laukkai town in order to quell resistance in the wider region.

"We heard they drove with 40 army trucks out from Laukkai. The truck at the front point and shoot along the roads everywhere," he said.

Mai Aike Kyaw, a spokesman for the TNLA, said the ethnic Palaung rebel group had clashed with the army on three occasions in Konyan Township and at Tarmoenye, a sub-township of Kutkhai Township. "They are hunting for our troops. Most clashes broke out in the jungle where our troops are based because they came to attack our bases," he said.

State-owned media have reported that from Feb. 9-21 the army lost five senior officers and 54 soldiers in the fighting, while 105 were injured. The army said more rebels were killed, claims that have not been confirmed by the rebels.

Aid workers based in northern Shan State said the number of civilians fleeing the spreading fighting was increasing, with daily arrivals of families fleeing south to the towns of Kunlong, Kutkhai and Lashio.

"They arrived almost every day; about 200 new IDPs [internally displaced persons] arrived on Feb 23. Then today has 350 people came from Laukkai," said Chit Mee, a school teacher who is assisting a temporary shelter for the displaced set up a Buddhist monastery in Lashio.

"We have told some IDPs not to come now, as there is ongoing fighting along the road," she said. A monk at the monastery said there were a total of some 8,000 people staying there.

Ko Htay, a volunteer overseeing a camp for the displaced in Kunglong, said some 5,000 people were receiving shelter there.

Zau San, an emergency aid coordinator with the Kachin Baptist Convention based in Muse, said clashes between the army and the TNLA had caused about 700 civilians from six villages in Mongkoe sub-township in eastern Muse Township to flee their homes in recent days.

"One house in Hpawng Seng Village was shelled by mortar, and fighting broke out nearby the villages. Many villagers ran away for safety. Some people wanted to go home, but still more Burmese Army soldiers are deployed there. Tensions are high and they could not go home," he said.

Zau San said many of the displaced had family in China and were trying to cross the border.

Many Burmese residents working in the Kokang Region fled earlier this month and the recent spreading of the fighting is now affecting ethnic minority Palaung, Shan and Kachin villagers living in the countryside.

During the start of the fighting, the mostly ethnic Chinese minority residents of Laukkai town have fled the region and tens of thousands crossed the border into China, where authorities have been providing shelter. It remains unclear exactly how many civilians have fled into to China and Chinese authorities have released little information about the situation.

Unconfirmed media reports have suggested that 100,000 people have fled across the border since Feb. 9. According to provisional results of the 2014 Population Census, Laukkai Township is home to about 95,000 people.

The post Fighting Spreads Through Northern Shan State, Displacing Hundreds of Civilians appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

Health Ministry Slaps Ban on 73 Drinking Water Brands

Posted: 25 Feb 2015 02:48 AM PST

 man hauls empty water bottles in downtown Rangoon on Feb. 25. (Photo: Steve Tickner / The Irrawaddy)

man hauls empty water bottles in downtown Rangoon on Feb. 25. (Photo: Steve Tickner / The Irrawaddy)

RANGOON— The Ministry of Health's Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has announced that scores of drinking water brands across the country will be banned from market shelves.

Over the weekend, the ministry released a list of 73 brands that have failed to submit themselves to a quality assessment by the FDA, which will now order manufacturers to cease production.

"The public wants to know which drinking water brands have been examined by us and which ones they can drink safely, so we announced the list which don't have a recommendation from us," Dr. Tun Zaw, director of the FDA's Food Safety Department, told The Irrawaddy. "We have already asked the state and divisional FDA committees to prohibit businesses in the list from production."

Tun Zaw said that the list was compiled in a countrywide market survey conducted by the FDA at the end of last year. Drinking water manufacturers are required to register their products and agree to inspections by the FDA, which evaluates water quality, factory infrastructure, staff health, and production procedures.

"There are over 750 brands in the country which we have inspected and approved," he said, adding that the FDA inspects drinking water factories at least once per year. "To speak frankly, [the banned businesses] didn't agree to inspections because they didn't believe they would pass. If they believed in the quality of their product, they would apply."

Irrawaddy Division had the highest number of brands failing to agree to FDA inspections, with 25 manufacturers to be instructed to cease production, followed by Tenasserim Division with 16 and Sagaing Division with 10.

Nyi Thway, a member of the Ye Social Society in Southern Mon State, said that the three brands listed in the ministry's announcement were available in local market places but were not widely consumed, based on the products' established reputation.

"We know some of them are no good, because the water bottles smelled bad and sometimes had sediment mixed in them," he said.

A full list of the drinking water brands flagged by the ministry is below.

Region

Brand

Bago Division
  • Aung Mingalar
  • Kaung Thant
  • Mingalar
  • Zeal
Irrawaddy Division
  • Ah Hnine Mae
  • Beyond Water
  • Discovery
  • Korea
  • Pi Ti
  • Pyi Twin Phit
  • Shan Yoe Ma
  • Shwe Ka Thit
  • Shwe Kaung Kin
  • Tiger
  • Zhulian
Mandalay Division
  • Aung
  • Ba
  • Lwin Min Khant
  • Shwe Myo Taw
  • Shwe Yamin
  • So Pyay
  • Star Sky Blue
  • Yay Kabar
  • Pin
Mon State
  • Miga
  • Mon Aung Pann
  • Nwe Moe Saung
  • OXXO
  • Yar Ma Nya
Rangoon Division
  • Apoli
  • OMIZU
  • Seven Eleven
  • Yat Mi Yat Pha
Sagaing Division
  • MO
  • Myat Yadanar
  • OK Thein
  • Pu Lout
  • Safe
  • Shel
  • Smile
  • Thazin
  • Thitsar
  • Zin Yaw Ni
Tenasserim Division
  • Ah Hnine Mae
  • Alpha
  • Kaung Myat
  • King Star
  • New Winner
  • Ngwe Kywal Lin
  • Royal
  • Sein Water
  • Yadanar
  • Zhulian

 

The post Health Ministry Slaps Ban on 73 Drinking Water Brands appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

Irrawaddy Dolphin Survey Shows Continued Population Decline

Posted: 25 Feb 2015 02:10 AM PST

An Irrawaddy dolphin swims in the Irrawaddy River outside of Mandalay. (Photo: Teza Hlaing / The Irrawaddy)

An Irrawaddy dolphin swims in the Irrawaddy River outside of Mandalay. (Photo: Teza Hlaing / The Irrawaddy)

MANDALAY — A count of Irrawaddy dolphins along the river that is their namesake has tallied five fewer dolphins than a similar exercise did last year, according to the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), which is working to protect the critically endangered species' dwindling population in Burma.

The population survey, which was conducted in early February along the Irrawaddy River between Bhamo in Kachin State and Mingun, Sagaing Division, by the New York-based WCS, found the number of Irrawaddy dolphins had dropped from 63 in January 2014 to 58.

"We have to say about five dolphins died in 2014," said Kyaw Hla Thein, a member of the Burma chapter of WCS. "We believe the death toll is higher because the young calves we counted were just about 1 year old."

With the survey indicating a continued slide in the population—WCS researchers counted 86 dolphins in early 2012—WCS said it planned to redouble its conservation efforts along the river, which it is undertaking in cooperation with the Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries.

"We need to boost education programs to the locals to protect the dolphins and not to use life-threatening methods of fishing in the area where the dolphins are living," said Kyaw Hla Thein.

In December 2014, two Irrawaddy dolphin calves' carcasses were found near Mingun, and are believed to have died from electro-fishing, an illegal technique that is increasingly used by fishermen on the Irrawaddy River. Another carcass, this one an adult, was found the same month in Sagaing Division near Katha, with injuries indicative of a boat propeller-related death.

"The riverbed is getting shallower due to climate change and deforestation on the riverbanks. This is another factor threatening the lives of the dolphins," Kyaw Hla Thein said.

"We need to protect nature, and we need the help of people and the government as well. If the population keeps declining like this, these Irrawaddy dolphins will be extinct very soon," he added.

A 370 km (230 mile) stretch of the river from Mingun to Kyauk Myaung in Sagaing Division was designated as a wildlife protection zone in 2005. The area has strict measures in place to protect the dolphins, but the rules go largely unenforced.

Catching or killing dolphins is prohibited, as is trading in their meat. A ban on electro-fishing and curbs on the types of nets permitted for use by fishermen are also intended to protect the species, which is listed as critically endangered in Burma.

The post Irrawaddy Dolphin Survey Shows Continued Population Decline appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

Mogok Residents Protest Against Gems Traders’ Building Planned on Lake

Posted: 25 Feb 2015 01:24 AM PST

Residents of Mogok protest against a plan by the local gems traders association to construct buildings on a scenic lake on Tuesday. (Photo: Kyaw Hsu Mon / The Irrawaddy)

Residents of Mogok protest against a plan by the local gems traders association to construct buildings on a scenic lake on Saturday. (Photo: Hein Htet / The Irrawaddy)

MOGOK — Hundreds of residents of the ruby mining town of Mogok, in Mandalay Division, have taken to the streets in recent days to protest against a plan by the local gems traders association to construct a head office and several buildings on a scenic lake in the town's center.

Residents and environmental activists are objecting to plans by the Mogok Gems Traders Association to build a new headquarters and possibly a gems market, museum and restaurants at the lake shore.

The 14-acre lake at the town's heart is a landmark feature of Mogok, which sits at the center of a mining region in northern Mandalay Division long known for its rich deposits of rubies, sapphires and other gemstones. The lake was originally the site of British colonial-era ruby mines, which were filled with water with the passing of time.

Residents have opposed the plans since they were first announced late last year and as many as 2,000 residents have been protesting in recent days after construction was set to start this month, said Soe Myint, who leads local environmental protection group Mogok Sein Lan.

"This lake is a famous landmark of our city and the public area is also a recreation area for residents. If buildings will be built around the lake, the beauty of city will be ruined and the environment will be destroyed," he told The Irrawaddy.

"We know that for our region's development we need this kind of gems traders' association office and gems museum, but we don't want them to construct it in this area," Soe Myint said. "Mogok residents are maintaining this lake and don't want to spoil it. That's why we will have to keep protecting our landmark and environment."

The Shan Nationalities Democracy Party, the National Unity Party and other local social volunteers group have also called for a suspension of the planned project.

Ba Htay, head of the Mogok Gems Traders Association, declined to comment on the protests against his association's project. "I have nothing to say about this protest," said the businessman, who is also a Lower House lawmaker for the ruling Union Solidarity and Development Party.

U Eindaka, the abbot of Yay Pu Monastery, who participated in the protest, said, "Residents want to stop this construction. What we need is a better solution by the authorities. It doesn't mean people don't want a gems office, they will agree if this office will move to another place."

Htet Naing, a Mogok-based writer organizing the demonstration, said, "We won't stop our protest as long as there is no solution to move this project."

Local authorities said they did not authorize the ongoing protests but would not pursuit legal charges against those participating.

The post Mogok Residents Protest Against Gems Traders' Building Planned on Lake appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

Japanese Media Self-Censorship Growing under Abe’s Reign

Posted: 24 Feb 2015 09:19 PM PST

Japan's Prime Minister Shinzo Abe (center) campaigning in Tokyo last December. (Photo: Yuya Shino / Reuters)

Japan's Prime Minister Shinzo Abe (center) campaigning in Tokyo last December. (Photo: Yuya Shino / Reuters)

TOKYO — Worries are growing in Japan about a trend of media self-censorship as journalists and experts say news organisations are toning down criticism of Prime Minister Shinzo Abe’s government for fear of sparking ire and losing access to sources.

No one is accusing Abe’s administration of overt meddling in specific news coverage, but media insiders and analysts say the government’s message is getting through.

"The media did, in recent years, play a much more positive role in…making people in power squirm. In the Abe era, they have begun pulling back," said Jeffrey Kingston, director of Asian studies at Temple University’s Japan campus.

"There is a chilling atmosphere that encourages media organisations to exercise self-restraint."

The conservative Abe, who returned to office in 2012, had fraught media ties during his first term, which ended when he quit in 2007 after a year of scandals and ill health.

This time, Abe wants to avoid the same mistake, experts say.

His appointee as chairman of NHK public television, Katsuto Momii, raised doubts about the respected broadcaster’s independence when he told his first news conference in early 2014: "We cannot say left when the government says right".

Late last year, a ruling party aide to Abe wrote to television broadcasters ahead of an election demanding fair coverage. Many journalists took the letter as a signal they should dampen criticism or risk losing access to officials.

"There have been cases of media self-restraint in the past, but they usually involved the imperial family, or, as after the 2011 tsunami and nuclear disaster, when media adopted a sober tone," said Shinichi Hisadome, a foreign news editor at the Tokyo Shimbun, a feisty metropolitan daily regarded in media circles as less submissive than national media.

"I think this is the first time that criticism of the government itself has been so restrained," Hisadome said.

Experts say the result is a far friendlier tone toward the government even among media that previously were critical.

"Criticism of the government has dropped sharply," said Kozo Nagata, a former NHK producer and now a professor of media studies at Musashi University.

In one example of the climate, a producer of TV Asahi’s Hodo Station, a nightly news show known for not pulling punches, will be shifted to a new post from April because she would not heed internal warnings not to criticise Abe’s government, two sources familiar with the matter said.

An outspoken guest commentator will also be replaced, the sources said. Former trade ministry official Shigeaki Koga, who sparked a flap last month by criticizing Abe over a hostage crisis that ended with the killing of two Japanese captives by Islamic State militants, told Reuters he had been told he would not be asked to appear as a guest on the show after March.

TV Asahi told Reuters nothing had been decided regarding personnel or guest commentators.

Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshihide Suga told reporters on Tuesday the government fully respected press freedom. Referring to criticism of Abe on television over the hostage crisis that he said misrepresented facts, he added: "Seeing that, don’t you think freedom truly is guaranteed in Japan?"

Journalists and experts, though, say the trend toward self-censorship has worsened since the hostage crisis. Nearly 3,000 people including journalists and scholars signed a statement this month raising concern about freedom of expression.

"We’ve reached the stage where even without the government doing anything, mass media produce articles that cozy up to authorities or refrain from criticism," Koga said.

"The public is not getting the right information to make decisions."

The post Japanese Media Self-Censorship Growing under Abe's Reign appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

Indonesia Says Executions Won’t Be Delayed Despite Mercy Pleas

Posted: 24 Feb 2015 09:15 PM PST

Indonesian President Joko Widodo, right, speaks to journalists as Indonesia's Ambassador to Brazil Toto Riyanto looks on after a meeting to discuss the delay in Brazil's acceptance of the ambassador's credentials, in Jakarta on Feb. 24, 2015. (Photo: Reuters / Antara)

Indonesian President Joko Widodo, right, speaks to journalists as Indonesia's Ambassador to Brazil Toto Riyanto looks on after a meeting to discuss the delay in Brazil's acceptance of the ambassador's credentials, in Jakarta on Feb. 24, 2015. (Photo: Reuters / Antara)

JAKARTA — Indonesia's president said on Tuesday the planned execution of 11 convicts on death row, most on drugs charges, would not be delayed, warning foreign countries not to intervene in his government's right to use capital punishment.

President Joko Widodo has denied clemency to the convicts despite repeated pleas from Australia, Brazil and France, who have citizens due to be executed by firing squad.

"The first thing I need to say firmly is that there shouldn't be any intervention towards the death penalty because it is our sovereign right to exercise our law," Widodo told reporters.

He said he took calls from the leaders of France, Brazil and the Netherlands about the death penalty but made no mention of Australia. Two Australians are among the 11 on death row.

The president did not say when the executions would be carried out.

Indonesia has harsh penalties for drug trafficking and resumed executions in 2013 after a five-year gap.

Shortly before Widodo spoke, a court in Jakarta threw out an appeal by the two Australians against Widodo's rejection of their request for presidential clemency.

"We plan to appeal today's court decision. We have two weeks to file an appeal," said Todung Mulya Lubis, a lawyer for the two men.

"If the law is respected, the execution should be postponed until the legal process is over."

Australia has been pursuing an eleventh-hour campaign to save the lives of Myuran Sukumaran, 33, and Andrew Chan, 31, two members of the so-called Bali Nine group of Australians, convicted in 2005 as the ringleaders of a plot to smuggle heroin out of Indonesia.

Other members of the group have been sentenced to long prison terms.

Australia, which has long had rocky relations with its northern neighbour, has said it would consider recalling its ambassador to Indonesia in protest if the executions are carried out.

Brazil and the Netherlands have already withdrawn their ambassadors after Indonesia executed their citizens on drug offences last month.

Brazil took the further step of refusing to allow Indonesia's new ambassador to take part in a credentials ceremony, prompting the Southeast Asian country to recall him in protest.

Indonesia was also re-evaluating the purchase of fighter jets and rocket launchers from Brazil because of the row, its Defence Ministry said.

Trade has yet to be significantly affected by the dispute. Australia is a major trading partner of Indonesia, totalling $10.64 billion in bilateral exchanges last year.

Indonesia is Australia's largest export market for both live cattle and wheat, and a major buyer of its crude petroleum, aluminium and cotton.

Trade between Indonesia and Brazil totalled $4.07 billion last year, according to Bank Indonesia.

Indonesia's largest trading partner is China with $48 billion between the two countries.

The post Indonesia Says Executions Won't Be Delayed Despite Mercy Pleas appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

Cambodia PM Says Work on Mega-Dam Will Not Start Until 2018

Posted: 24 Feb 2015 09:11 PM PST

Cambodia Prime Minister Hun Sen attends the plenary session of the 25th Asean Summit at the Myanmar International Convention Center in Naypyidaw on Nov. 12, 2014. (Photo: Reuters)

Cambodia Prime Minister Hun Sen attends the plenary session of the 25th Asean Summit at the Myanmar International Convention Center in Naypyidaw on Nov. 12, 2014. (Photo: Reuters)

PHNOM PENH — Construction of a massive dam in southwestern Cambodia will not start until at least 2018, Prime Minister Hun Sen said Tuesday, in an apparent effort to stop heavy opposition to the project that has focused criticism on him.

Hun Sen's comments came a day after Spanish activist Alex Gonzalez-Davidson, who had campaigned against the dam, was deported for overstaying his visa.

"From now until 2018, there will be no permission to build [the dam]," said Hun Sen, whose mandate as prime minister ends in 2018. "Now I beg you to stop talking about it."

Gonzalez-Davidson was a cofounder of nongovernmental group called Mother Nature, which has vocally opposed construction of the hydropower dam in southwestern Cambodia's Koh Kong province. Cambodia has signed a deal to build the mega-dam with China's state-owned Sinohydro, but both sides have said more studies were needed before any construction begins.

The project, one of several dams being built by Chinese companies in Cambodia, sparked strong disapproval from the political opposition and environmental groups.

In September, Gonzalez-Davidson led a protest that briefly blocked a government convoy from driving to the proposed site of the dam, in the Areng Valley of the Cardamom Mountains.

Environmental groups say the dam would destroy the natural habitat across a vast expanse of one of Southeast Asia's last great wilderness areas, which contains some of Cambodia's most profuse wildlife, including the world's largest population of almost extinct Siamese crocodiles.

Gonzalez-Davidson's visa expired Friday and the government refused to extend or renew it.

On Monday, Hun Sen publicly appealed to Gonzalez-Davidson to leave the country and he was deported Monday evening.

"His visa had expired and he refused to leave Cambodia as ordered from the ministry, therefore we had no choice but to deport him," said Gen. Khieu Sopheak, an Interior Ministry spokesman.

Without naming the activist, Hun Sen said Tuesday that foreigners should not give advice to Cambodia on forest conservation or the construction of dams.

The post Cambodia PM Says Work on Mega-Dam Will Not Start Until 2018 appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

Kokang Leader Denies Chinese Citizens Fighting With Him

Posted: 24 Feb 2015 08:37 PM PST

 

Kokang leader Peng Jiasheng poses for a photograph with Kokang children at a festival around 2009. (Photo: www. kokang.net)

Kokang leader Peng Jiasheng poses for a photograph with Kokang children at a festival around 2009. (Photo: www. kokang.net)

BEIJING — The ethnic Chinese leader of a group of Burma rebels which has been engaged in renewed fighting with the government has denied in an interview with a Chinese paper that he has been receiving any help from Chinese citizens or mercenaries.

Burma has accused Chinese mercenaries of fighting with the rebels, and has urged China to cooperate with Burma to prevent "terrorist attacks" being launched from Chinese territory.

The Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army (MNDAA) emerged from the remnants of the Communist Party of Burma, a powerful Chinese-backed guerrilla force that battled the Burma government before splintering in 1989.

Led by ethnic Chinese commander Peng Jiasheng, the MNDAA struck a truce with the government which lasted until 2009, when government troops took over their Kokang region in a conflict that pushed tens of thousands of refugees into China.

Peng's recent return is seen at the root of the new fighting.

Speaking to the Global Times, an influential Chinese tabloid published by the official People's Daily, Peng said that there was no Chinese involvement.

"Since the 2009 incident, the Kokang side has strictly forbidden Chinese citizens from entering Kokang to join the MNDAA," Peng said in a telephone interview published on Wednesday.

"We will not accept Chinese citizens participating in armed actions as this is only harmful to us," he added.

"What's most important is that as soon as Chinese law enforcement agencies discover that on our side there are Chinese citizens joining battle, they would give us enormous pressure. So our principle is not to allow Chinese citizens to fight."

Burmese President Thein Sein declared a state of emergency and imposed martial law this month in the region after more than 70 people were killed in fighting between the army and the rebels.

The conflict is a setback for Burma's semi-civilian government, which took power in 2011 after 49 years of military rule and is seeking to end hostilities with the many groups that have taken up arms since independence in 1948.

Fighting broke out on Feb. 9 between the army and the MNDAA and thousands of civilians have fled the area, either to other areas in Burma or into China.

The clashes have alarmed China, which fears an influx of villagers fleeing violence.

 

The post Kokang Leader Denies Chinese Citizens Fighting With Him appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

In Pictures: Life on the Other Side of the Tracks

Posted: 24 Feb 2015 04:00 PM PST

A woman sorts through a collection of plastic, tins and glass bottles. (Photo: Timo Jaworr / The Irrawaddy)

A woman sorts through a collection of plastic, tins and glass bottles. (Photo: Timo Jaworr / The Irrawaddy)

RANGOON — A short walk from the southern entrance of the Thiri Myaing railway station, bordered by middle-class apartment buildings and an international school for some of the country's richest families, around 200 households eke out a modest existence in one of Rangoon's countless slums.

Stray dogs wander along narrow paths strewn with garbage and around makeshift huts, raised a few feet off the ground to stop their floors from being inundated with dirty water and trash during the long rainy season. Toilets in the neighborhood flood every year, without exception. There are no connections to the city's electrical grid, and only a handful of households can afford to use batteries and generators to light their homes at night.

Inhabitants of the Hlaing Township slum came from different corners of the country to Burma's commercial hub in the hope of finding work. Many of the people here do not have fixed employment and depend on irregular day labor at the nearby markets, although residents say that among their number are construction workers and even some government employees.

Soe Khine, 40, a father of three school-aged children, migrated to Rangoon from Bago Division, where he could no longer afford to support his family. His home backs onto the bank of a brown stream choked with trash and debris. At the entrance is a bag of empty plastic bottles collected from the waterway. According to his wife, the family used to be able to sell the bottles for 10 kyats [US$0.01] apiece; the recyclers now offer no more than 5 kyats for every two bottles.

U Maung Maung Kyi, a 65-year-old migrant from Irrawaddy Division, says the land is owned by a government ministry, and each household in the slum is required to pay a remittance of 1500 kyats [US$1.45] per month.

The residents live in makeshift bamboo huts, covered in waterproof plastic sheets to keep out the torrential rain and scorching afternoon sun. Win Nyunt, a trishaw driver and father of five, told The Irrawaddy he was reluctant to spend money on building materials for a more durable structure, fearing that the government could evict the slum dwellers at short notice.

"It's a squat. I am worried about having to move to a new environment where the conditions are different. We are like a tree by the side of a river," he said.

The post In Pictures: Life on the Other Side of the Tracks appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

National News

National News


Panic as army press gang rumours spread in capital

Posted: 25 Feb 2015 12:45 AM PST

Police have denied rumours that army press gangs are forcibly recruiting men and boys as military porters to serve in the fighting against the Kokang armed group headed by Pheung Kya-shin.

Federalism conference to open in Loikaw

Posted: 25 Feb 2015 12:42 AM PST

Federalism will be the topic of a two-day meeting beginning February 26 in the Kayah State capital Loikaw.

Tourism destinations already under strain, survey finds

Posted: 25 Feb 2015 12:41 AM PST

Making sure tourism does more good than harm – that is the aim of research conducted by the Myanmar Centre for Responsible Business, whose results were released on February 20 at the MAC Tower in Yangon.

Dispute erupts over competing education law amendment bills

Posted: 25 Feb 2015 12:40 AM PST

Student leaders have accused the Ministry of Education of misleading the public by publishing draft changes to the National Education Law that they say differs from amendments agreed on at four-way talks earlier this month.

Court sentences 15 for attack on Muslim buildings

Posted: 25 Feb 2015 12:39 AM PST

Fifteen people have been jailed for their role in an attack on Muslim buildings during last year's religious conflict in Mandalay, but a lawyer says the organisers of the attack remain at large.

Koh Tao murder case to drag on through 2015

Posted: 25 Feb 2015 12:34 AM PST

The Koh Tao murder case will last at least until September, a labour rights activist assisting the defence team says.

Police get training ahead of election

Posted: 24 Feb 2015 03:43 PM PST

Training for the police in security, electoral law and procedures has begun. Senior officers throughout the country will undergo training in international standards first, and lower ranks will be trained later.

Shan Herald Agency for News

Shan Herald Agency for News


Valentines from Deep South - Day One

Posted: 24 Feb 2015 09:08 PM PST

Day One. Friday, 13 February 2015

Yes, it is Friday the 13th. But due to my appointment with the hospital, I had missed the trip to Naypyitaw to witness the peace talks in Naypyitaw held yesterday. Should I let go off my once in a lifetime chance to visit the Deep South, Thailand's Wild West?

I said No to myself, accepted the invitation from People's College. I'm now flying there with Air Asia, a two-hour flight, which I'm trying to kill time by reading "Monsoon" by Dr Robert D Kaplan that I yet to finish.



A young man, Indian looking like most of the residents, picks me up at Hatyai and drives me to Pattani, 117 km away, along Route 43. And it is love at first sight.

The place is a narrow strip between the two oceans: Indian and Pacific. Pleasantly cool at this time of the year: 21°C-25°C, unlike Chiangmai where I'm coming from, 14°C in the morning and 32°C at noon. With palm trees lining the road, it somehow brings to mind Hawaii, which I have only seen in the movies, especially Blue Hawaii (1962) played of course by "The King" Elvis Presley.

The scenery is marred by three military checkpoints on the way and road barriers inside the city. I also notice people driving motorbikes without wearing helmets. Clearly this is the only place in Thailand when you might be stopped and questioned by the police for wearing them.

The CS Hotel where I'm located is a fine one. My room, # 520, is adequate with 4 bottles of water to see that I don't go thirsty (Most give you only two.) But just for 'just in case', I buy two tamarind juices and two soya milks from a 7 Eleven nearby.

I'm treated to a southern dinner in the evening by my hosts. Unfortunately I only drink (both hard and soft) after 15:00. However, they being good Muslims, I get only a soft one.

The next thing I know, I'm being introduced to the Deep South's underground activities and the latest development.

"It is getting harder for the militants to carry out their work," says one of the hosts. "The government is arming the Buddhist residents. It may take some time before the militants can adapt to it."

They ask me where I want to go. I reply without hesitation: the Central Mosque and the Krue Sae Mosque. But it is already late so I end up returning to my room.

With luck I'll be getting away without any mishap. The last thing I want to get myself known by is through a headline like "Old Shan busybody feared among lost'.