Thursday, June 9, 2016

The Irrawaddy Magazine

The Irrawaddy Magazine


YCDC Welcomes New Members to Executive Board      

Posted: 09 Jun 2016 06:51 AM PDT

Yangon City Development Committee building (Photo: JPaing / The Irrawaddy)

Yangon City Development Committee building (Photo: JPaing / The Irrawaddy)

RANGOON — Since the beginning of June, new faces have been seen on the executive board of the Yangon City Development Committee (YCDC).

Unlike their predecessors, the four new committee members, all of whom were appointed by the government on June 1, do not have military backgrounds. Rather, most of the newly minted executive board members have significant prior experience in government work that targeted construction, irrigation, land revenue and urban land use, while one is a prominent writer-turned-social worker with several literary and humanitarian awards to her name.

YCDC's executive board is made up of nine members: the mayor, four appointed members and four elected individuals representing four city districts. The appointments earlier this month—which come at a time when Rangoon is facing high population density, serious traffic congestion, poor drainage and unwieldy urban development—follow the committee shake-up in May. At this time, the Rangoon Division Chief Minister declared that the terms of both elected and appointed YCDC members had been terminated; the Rangoon divisional government has yet to announce the date of the next city election.

Read about the new members of the YCDC executive board below.

Hlaing Maw Oo (Photo: JPaing / The Irrawaddy)

Hlaing Maw Oo (Photo: JPaing / The Irrawaddy)

Hlaing Maw Oo, Secretary

Hlaing Maw Oo was previously the director of architecture at the Ministry of Construction's Department of Building, where she had worked for more than 25 years. Trained as an architect with postgraduate studies in urban planning and urban environmental management, she has been involved in drafting Rangoon's zoning plan and Burma's building codes.

Asked whether she is the right candidate for the position, given her academic credentials and Rangoon's current challenges, Hlaing Maw Oo just said that "time will decide."

"They just select people who can do their best in a time of change," she added.

On the responsibilities of the committee members, the PhD candidate, who is finalizing her research on urban design and heritage, said that the committee is thinking about how to create collaboration among members rather than simply divvy up departments among them.

"In the past, we pointed fingers at each other, and there was no solution. If we have everyone's participation, I believe most of the problems facing Rangoon today could be solved," Hlaing Maw Oo said.

U Than (Photo: JPaing / The Irrawaddy)

U Than (Photo: JPaing / The Irrawaddy)

U Than, Joint Secretary

During his 36 years with the government's Department of Settlement and Land Records, U Than has gained experience with agricultural and urban land management, land revenue and registration. After leaving his position as director, U Than worked as an advisor at the YCDC for urban planning, having for the past four years focused on land use and zone planning.

His recent appointment as the joint Secretary for the YCDC will make him responsible for the municipal body's 20 departments, contributing his expertise to the city's development.

"When it comes to land issues, there are some weaknesses in the working procedures. I hope to use my experiences to help fix these issues in accordance with the law," he said.

May May Thwe (Photo: JPaing / The Irrawaddy)

May May Thwe (Photo: JPaing / The Irrawaddy)

May May Thwe, Member

A retired deputy director from the Department of Irrigation, May May Thwe is a civil engineer with 35 years of experience in flood, drainage and irrigation management. Now, as a YCDC member, May May Thwe is hoping that she can contribute her expertise to tackling some of Rangoon's serious problems with flooding and poor drainage, while collaborating with YCDC's Departments of Roads and Bridges as well as Water and Sanitation.

"As far as I'm concerned, traffic and flooding in Rangoon will take some time to resolve; these problems need long-term solutions," May May Thwe said, adding that she is positive the committee members will be able to do something meaningful during their five-year term.

"We're all aware that everyone is hoping for change. I'll be loyal to my responsibilities."

Than Myint Aung (Photo: JPaing / The Irrawaddy)

Than Myint Aung (Photo: JPaing / The Irrawaddy)

Than Myint Aung, Member

Of all the new committee members, Than Myint Aung is the most well known. With several literary and humanitarian awards under her belt, she co-founded the Free Funeral Service Society (FFSS) in 2001 when Burma was still under a repressive military regime.

Asked about her appointment, Than Myint Aung said that her desire to make Rangoon better and cleaner was key to her joining the YCDC.

"As a social worker, I could be useful when it comes to solving issues that may need collaboration between the YCDC and the public," she said.

"Plus, the FFSS has been involved in environmental conservation activities, so that may be a reason why the YCDC thinks I have something to contribute."

The post YCDC Welcomes New Members to Executive Board       appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

Myanmar Agribusiness Public Corporation Looks to Join YSX in August       

Posted: 09 Jun 2016 06:19 AM PDT

 Government officials clap during the ceremonial opening of the Yangon Stock Exchange in Rangoon on Dec. 9, 2015. (Photo: Soe Zeya Tun / Reuters)

Government officials clap during the ceremonial opening of the Yangon Stock Exchange in Rangoon on Dec. 9, 2015. (Photo: Soe Zeya Tun / Reuters)

RANGOON — The Myanmar Agribusiness Public Corporation (MAPCO) is expected to join the Yangon Stock Exchange (YSX) in August, the firm's vice chairman told The Irrawaddy.

Formed in 2012 to spur public savings and to encourage broader investment in agriculture and adjacent industries in Burma, MAPCO is the country's largest rice exporter. It will be selling shares with a floor price of 10,000 kyats (US$8.44) to 1,440 existing shareholders between June 10 and early July, said MAPCO vice chairman Ye Min Aung.

"We're prioritizing existing shareholders before joining the YSX. If the existing shareholders don't buy these shares, we'll sell them to the public," he said, clarifying that even if existing shareholders already own a share, they are still able to buy another.

"We'd like to wait until foreign companies can buy shares on the YSX, when [the trading environment] will hopefully be better than it has been recently. That's why we're expecting to join the YSX in August or, at the latest, in September," Ye Min Aung added.

The stock exchange officially "opened" in December, though it initially only traded internally through dry-run testing. It is hoped to be a boon to Burma's financial field.

MAPCO, along with five other firms—First Myanmar Investment (FMI), Myanmar Citizens Bank, Myanmar Thilawa SEZ Holdings Public Limited (MTSH), First Private Bank and Great Hor Kham—was due to be listed on the YSX in March, but FMI was the only one of these firms that was ready for shares trading. MTSH has since been listed.

Thet Htun Oo, senior manager of the YSX, said that MAPCO wanted to increase its capital before joining the stock exchange, which is why it has experienced delays.

"They [MAPCO] have not recently applied to join the YSX because they are looking to increase their capital by selling shares in the rice industry first," Thet Htun Oo said.

He added that the stock market appears to be cooling down in some respects as people are trying to become more familiar with the market situation before trading shares.

"Even FMI's share trading price has gone down from 26,000 kyats [$21.95] when it was first listed to 25,500 kyats [$21.52] today," Thet Htun Oo said.

FMI is led by business tycoon Serge Pun, whose Burmese conglomerate ranges from real estate to health care to aviation and banking.

MTSH's share trading price, however, is at a steady 57,000 kyats ($48.11). The firm was formed by nine Burmese companies that own 41 percent of a special economic zone (SEZ) southeast of Rangoon, with the Burmese government owning 10 percent and a consortium of Japanese firms owning the remaining 49 percent.

Thet Htun Oo said that currently the total stock trading amount for the YSX has reached some 49 billion kyats ($41.35 million) and is only expected to increase.

"Because there are many other companies, such as Myanmar Citizen Bank, that will be listed on the YSX this year, the total trading amount will continue to grow," Thet Htun Oo said.

The post Myanmar Agribusiness Public Corporation Looks to Join YSX in August        appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

Civil Society Groups Demand National Land Restitution Policy for Displaced Communities 

Posted: 09 Jun 2016 06:11 AM PDT

Umpiem Mai refugee camp near Mae Sot in western Thailand, accommodating a population of more than 20,000 conflict-displaced people from Burma, mostly ethnic Karen. August, 2015. (Photo : Tin Htet Paing / The Irrawaddy) 

Umpiem Mai refugee camp near Mae Sot in western Thailand, accommodating a population of more than 20,000 conflict-displaced people from Burma, mostly ethnic Karen. August, 2015. (Photo : Tin Htet Paing / The Irrawaddy) 

RANGOON — Several of Burma's civil society organizations (CSOs) and ethnic community leaders have called for the government to develop a national land restitution policy for communities displaced by conflict.

Their concerns were expressed at a public forum on Wednesday following a two-day workshop organized by The Border Consortium (TBC) and the Transnational Institute (TNI). CSOs and community leaders aimed to establish a national platform for displaced communities to be able to claim land and property rights, review international standards and increase joint advocacy.

Representatives came up with nine key principles and recommendations, emphasizing that all land-related policies, regulations and procedures must be in line with customary land use practices and tenure systems in ethnic areas. They also stressed that displaced communities and local people should be informed and involved in all levels of the decision-making process in relation to return and resettlement.

"Displaced communities are entitled to restore their housing, land and property rights in their place of origin," their statement said.

Representatives highlighted that IDPs and refugees have the right to return voluntarily, in safety and with dignity, adding that national reconciliation and the peace process are key to their sustainable return and resettlement.

Naw Blooming Night Zan, finance manager of the Karen Refugee Committee (KRC) said that security concerns remain the most critical consideration for IDPs and refugees, adding that military bases should be removed and landmines should be demarcated and immediately cleared in and around origin villages.

"Whenever we talk to [refugees and IDPs] about returning home, they ask me: Are there military troops? Are there any landmines?" said Naw Blooming Night Zan.

She told the Irrawaddy that there is a need for advocacy work in order to prompt the government to take steps toward implementing national land restitution policies.

Saw Alex from the Karen Environmental and Social Action Network (KESAN) told The Irrawaddy that these principles and recommendations are fundamental to initiating action.

"The government has to have a broad platform for all concerned parties, which means involving local people, refugees, IDPs, CSOs, community organizations, international society, all armed groups and the government army," he explained.

He added that any future policies should be able to be systematically implemented nationwide for the benefit of all displaced communities.

Naw Blooming Night Zan made the point that "returning voluntarily with dignity" also applies to those who don't want to return to the country.

"When we talk about returning and resettlement, some refugees who are probably not willing to return to Burma should also be accounted for," she said. "We can't force them to go back."

Sai Nor Hseng of the Shan Youth Network said at the forum that land rights are very important to IDPs and refugees because they left their land—which used to be their "life"—due to armed conflict.

"Where is their place when they come back, and do they have the right to claim their original land?" he asked. "What if there is no place to live or no farm to work when they return?"

Although the representatives demanded a return of all arbitrarily confiscated land to the "original land owners," they said that there needed to be an explicit definition of "original land owner" which retained respect for customary land use practices and tenure systems in ethnic areas.

A 2015 research report called "The Meaning Of Land In Myanmar" by the TNI stated that there is no internationally recognized human right to land, unlike water or food.

"While a right to property was established in Article 17 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, it was not codified in the subsequent legally binding international conventions," the research said.

The report highlighted that the connection between land and human rights is a tangible part of the everyday experience of many small-scale farmers and other food producers around the world, citing the unique customary land use practices of Burmese farmers.

According to TBC, there are roughly 120,000 Burmese refugees in nine official camps on the Thai-Burma border, some of who have resided there for over two decades. The UN's refugee agency, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) estimated in a report last year that there were about 500,000 conflict-affected IDPs in Burma, but accurate figures are difficult to assess due to limited access in the concerned areas.

The post Civil Society Groups Demand National Land Restitution Policy for Displaced Communities  appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

Seven Shan Men Go Missing in Northern Shan State

Posted: 09 Jun 2016 05:46 AM PDT

The Palaung village of Mang Aung in northern Shan's Namkham Township, close to where the seven men were said to have gone missing. (Photo: Hein Htet / The Irrawaddy)

The Palaung village of Mang Aung in northern Shan's Namkham Township, close to where the seven men were said to have gone missing. (Photo: Hein Htet / The Irrawaddy)

Seven ethnic Shan men went missing on Sunday en route from Namkham Township to Lashio, the administrative capital of northern Shan State, according to a local police officer and a member of a Shan political party.

The disappearance follows the killing of three ethnic Palaung (known also as Ta'ang) the previous week in Namkham Township, which borders China. Local Palaung have since blamed the Restoration of Council of Shan State (RCSS), the ethnic Shan group whose armed wing, the Shan State Army-South (SSA-S), has been fighting since December with the Ta'ang National Liberation Army (TNLA), the armed wing of the Palaung State Liberation Front (PSLF).

If unresolved, the disappearance is likely to exacerbate tensions between Shan and Palaung communities in northern Shan State, which have been stoked in recent months by a conflict that has seen several thousand displaced, and resulted in a number of unexplained murders.

The police officer in Namkham, who spoke on condition of anonymity, told The Irrawaddy over the phone that the families of the missing men had come to the police station to open a missing persons' case.

A police investigation is now underway, the police officer said, although they had "not found anything yet."

"They disappeared soon after leaving Namkham town, around Hpa Lane village, their families told me. It was on the highway to Lashio," said the police officer.

On June 7 the families of the missing men visited the local branch office of the Shan Nationalities League for Democracy (SNLD), currently the most prominent ethnic Shan party in the state. Sai Yee Puu of the SNLD said the families had requested help from the party.

"We asked [the families] how the men had disappeared. They told us that they were traveling by car to an area further south, near Lashio, where they intended to farm watermelons," Sai Yee Puu said.

Sai Yee Puu said that his party had already approached the Ta'ang National Party (TNP), which represents the ethnic Palaung and occupies several parliamentary seats in northern Shan State, to solve the problem through "negotiation."

"No one knows who did it, but they disappeared in a Palaung area. Therefore, we asked for help from the Palaung political party," Sai Yee Puu added.

The driver of the car, from Mamgyi village, was among the seven who disappeared; the other six men were from Shan villages near the border town of Muse, according to Sai Yee Puu.

All were young men, but the SNLD in Namkham did not know their exact ages or their names.

On Thursday, a post on the Facebook page of the PSLF-TNLA News and Information Department claimed that SSA-S soldiers had abducted 30 ethnic Palaung from Bom Zom village in northern Shan State's Mongton Township. The names of 23 of those missing had been identified.

The post Seven Shan Men Go Missing in Northern Shan State appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

Ne Win’s Grandson Invites Social Media Smackdown With Lipton Comment

Posted: 09 Jun 2016 04:58 AM PDT

Aye Ne Win, pictured in 2014. (Photo: J Paing / The Irrawaddy)

Aye Ne Win, pictured in 2014. (Photo: J Paing / The Irrawaddy)

RANGOON — Comments on Facebook posted by the grandson of former dictator Ne Win about serving Lipton Tea at a state dinner for the visiting Singaporean Prime Minister have caused a ruckus on social media in Burma.

The dispute started with a menu from a banquet in Naypyidaw on Tuesday hosted by the Burmese President Htin Kyaw and the first lady for Lee Hsien Loong, who is now in Burma for a state visit.

A picture of the menu showing "Lipton Tea with Lime Slice" as dessert went viral on Facebook, and the ex-dictator's grandson jumped in on the same day on his own Facebook feed, calling Aung San Suu Kyi 'Old Gal' and saying "she should definitely not be listened to, at least when it comes to tea."

"OMG. Who serves Lipton Tea for a state dinner? Such a disgrace. It should be Twinning’s Earl Grey or Fortnum and Mason’s Queen Anne Tea or even our own traditional Shan Tea. I expect the Old Girl to have more refined taste than that," said the post.

"Don’t give me the crappie excuse that we should save money when you can get Twinning’s at a local City Mart for $13 per 20 teabags," the post added.

Aye Ne Win described the dinner as having been "hosted by the Old Gal herself," quoting a report from Channel News Asia, but the menu said the dinner was, in fact, organized by the Burmese president and his wife.

The comments provoked a backlash on social media, with many Burmese—proud of Lee Hsien Loong's recent offer to have Suu Kyi take a more "active leadership on behalf of Asean when it comes to international affairs"—seeing them as an insult to Burma's state counselor-cum-foreign minister.

"Aye Ne Win is just an [expletive]," wrote Facebook user Hlwan Moe.

But many others took a more serious turn, calling his post full of jealousy and snobbery.

"Show some manners, you [expletive] pervert. Your [expletive] grandpa Ne Win already turned this country into a failed state that is looked down upon by other countries, and look now, you shamelessly say such garbage… You are such a [expletive] pathetic cheapskate," wrote Ralph Aung Myo.

Aye Ne Win was released from prison under a presidential pardon in November 2013 after spending 11 years in jail. He was charged with high treason at the age of 26, convicted with his family of plotting to overthrow the former military regime.

Since his release, he has been a prolific user of social media and has been spotted at many public events, including commemorations for fallen soldiers of the Burma Army. He has spoken with numerous local and international media outlets, discussing a range of topics including his political and religious views, the continued role of the military in Burma's political life and his business dealings.

The post Ne Win's Grandson Invites Social Media Smackdown With Lipton Comment appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

New Commission Formed to Investigate Alleged Gems Association Embezzlement

Posted: 09 Jun 2016 04:22 AM PDT

The Myanmar Jade and Gems Emporium held in Naypyidaw last year. (Photo: Ministry of Information)

The Myanmar Jade and Gems Emporium held in Naypyidaw last year. (Photo: Ministry of Information)

A new investigation commission will be formed to look into the Myanmar Gems Traders Association's financial scandal, involving allegations of more than US$100 million that went missing from their bank account, according to the organization's chairman.

At a press conference at the association's headquarters on Wednesday, chairman Yone Mu told reporters that the decision to form a new commission to further investigate the unexplained loss was made during a meeting of the gems traders on Tuesday. A previous review was conducted and finalized this week by the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Conservation but complainants still want to know who is to blame.

"Actions will be taken against anyone who misappropriated funds," said Yone Mu.

The new commission will consist of experts, complainants and defendants of the alleged embezzlement, according to the Myanmar Gems Traders Association.

Aung Gyi, chairman of the Sagaing Division Gems Traders Association, said the probe would mainly look into the supposed misappropriation of $10 million transferred from the Myanmar Jade and Gems Emporium Central Committee to the Myanmar Gems Traders Association.

"The central committee consists of the Myanmar Gems Traders Association chairman, ten vice-chairpersons and secretaries. It is impossible that they don't know where the money has gone. If they know, they should tell," said Aung Gyi, adding, "We want a new transparent chairman who is dedicated to serving the interests of the association."

However, Yone Mu said he does not know anything about the alleged transaction because the former Ministry of Mines had managed the expenditures of the central committee, adding that he would not take responsibility for the as yet unexplained loss.

"The funds of the Gems Emporium Central Committee and the Myanmar Gems Traders associations are different. There is no connection and I have no idea [about the missing money]," said Yone Mu. "It has been said that former President U Thein Sein took $7 million and U Soe Thein took $5 million. We don't know; it has nothing to do with us. It was all managed by the central committee,"

Vice chairman of the Myanmar Gems Traders Association Myint Han told reporters that since 2006 there has been a 1 percent annual tax levied on gems traders who sell their products at the emporium. He said he has told the central committee that association members deserve to know where their money was allocated.

Translated from Burmese by Thet Ko Ko.

The post New Commission Formed to Investigate Alleged Gems Association Embezzlement appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

Flooding Hits Sagaing, Affecting Thousands of Homes

Posted: 09 Jun 2016 02:48 AM PDT

Kawlin Township Municipal Committee Office seen on June 9. (Photo: Ko Gyi Maung / Facebook)

Kawlin Township Municipal Committee Office seen on June 9. (Photo: Ko Gyi Maung / Facebook)

RANGOON — After heavy rains fell Wednesday night, severe flooding struck at least four sections of downtown Kawlin, Sagaing Division.

Thet Lwin Htay, vice chairman of the local Free Funeral Service Association (FFSA), said water levels reached 6-7 feet high in Kyawzayya, Pyin Oo Lwin, Myauk Inn and Zae Yone Tiek wards of Kawlin. He estimated 5,000 households were affected. Some houses were completely submerged, and roads have been rendered unusable.

He said this is the first flood of the year.

In July 2015, flooding hit in Kawlin twice, reportedly killing around 20 people and affecting almost 49,000 people out of a population of 145,000.

Currently, FFSA is distributing rice to the affected quarters' residents and rescuing the children and elderly who are unable to swim. As of Thursday morning, there were no fatalities due to the flood, and the Sagaing Division Chief Minister is expected to visit Kawlin to oversee relief efforts.

Thet Lwin Htay speculated the flooding was due to overflowing water reservoirs, which are located on the outskirts of the town. In that area, more than 100 gold mining companies have created man-made lakes to store water for the gold-dust filtering process.

The sudden, heavy rainfall unexpectedly broke the reservoirs' embankments, causing the water to flood into the downtown area, the FFSA vice chairman said.

The companies that built these reservoirs were not available for immediate comment.

A government-run paper issued an emergency statement saying some schools and police stations faced flooding, and local authorities and civil society organizations were working together to prevent injuries and deaths.

The post Flooding Hits Sagaing, Affecting Thousands of Homes appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

Parliament Suspends Rangoon Wharf Project

Posted: 09 Jun 2016 01:15 AM PDT

Rangoon's Botahtaung Pagoda and its industrial backdrop (Photo: Hein Htet / The Irrawaddy)

Rangoon's Botahtaung Pagoda and its industrial backdrop (Photo: Hein Htet / The Irrawaddy)

RANGOON — Burma's Lower House of Parliament on Wednesday decided to halt a 20-acre wharf project in Rangoon's central port area, located between Bo Aung Kyaw jetty and the Botahtaung Pagoda along the Rangoon River.

The project, which was approved by the previous government, is being undertaken by the Kaung Myanmar Aung shipping company—a subsidiary of the KMA Group headed by Burmese tycoon Khin Maung Aye, who is known to have close ties to former military-backed President Thein Sein. The land that was being used for KMA's wharf project is currently owned by the Myanmar Port Authority (MPA) under the Ministry of Transportation and Communications.

During Wednesday's parliamentary session, five lawmakers supported a proposal submitted last week by member Tin Maung Win of Rangoon's Seikkan Township, which stated that construction connected to the wharf would create river dunes and cause congestion for cargo ships on the Rangoon River. It added that construction of the project would impair the strength of the pagoda, which is one of Rangoon's most sacred Buddhist sites, and that noises and vibrations from the project site would distract prayers at the pagoda.

Lawmaker Sein Mya Aye from Dala Township said that the project area's proximity to the pagoda would endanger it, citing a consultancy report—"Code of Practice For Container Depots"—issued by the Hong Kong Container Depot and Repair Association, which suggested that container depots and wharves should be constructed away from conservation areas and religious sites.

"If the container depot and wharf project damages the strength of the [Botahtaung] pagoda, the public is going to hold the government responsible," Sein Mya Aye said.

Lawmaker Saw Naing of South Okkala Township said that the construction of a new wharf in the area would narrow the passage for cargo ships, mentioning that all ports in Rangoon were river ports except Thilawa, a seaport.

"Currently, there are 25 wharves along the port," Saw Naing said. "If all 25 wharves could be made to work at full capacity, there would be no need for a new wharf."

Saw Naing also cited the contribution made by container depots and wharves to heavy traffic on Strand Road, which runs east-west along the river in downtown Yangon and features a regular passage of container trucks.

Another lawmaker, Aung Kyaw Kyaw Oo of Hlaing Township, highlighted that the Myanmar Investment Commission (MIC) had previously failed to report projects with adverse socio-economic and environmental impacts to Parliament via the government.

"We observed that the MIC never submitted such project proposals to the Parliament," Aung Kyaw Kyaw Oo said. He cited the proposed US$70 million 250-bed Parkway private hospital, which was halted by Parliament last month due to a claimed lack of transparency.

"If this keeps happening," he said—projects being approved by the MIC but then halted by Parliament in the midst of controversy—"the interests of the country could be damaged, with a loss of investor trust and the need to compensate contractors."

Minister of Transportation and Communication Thant Zin Maung supported the parliamentary proposal against the wharf project, saying it was "too risky." He mentioned that the project was approved by the MIC before the previous government transferred power to the National League for Democracy (NLD) at the end of March. The MIC has since been reconstituted.

"The project area is critical for [the passage of] cargo ships and it could create congestion with ships berthing at the terminals," the minister said.

"The only advantage is extra income for the country but from a technical or religious perspective, there are many disadvantages. Though we should welcome private investment, we should not take big risks," the minister concluded his remarks.

Lower House Speaker Win Myint decided to order a halt to the project, after lawmakers voted in favor of a suspension.

According to a report by the state-owned Global New Light of Myanmar, the project would be implemented according to the Build, Operate and Transfer model—a template used for several of Burma's larger infrastructure and energy projects in recent years. On completion, the wharf would be able to accommodate two 15,000-ton vessels.

Rangoon has six major port facilities— Myanmar International Terminal Thilawa (MITT), Myanmar Integrated Port Limited (MIPL), Asia World Port Terminal, Myanmar Industrial Port, Bo Aung Kyaw and Sule Wharf, both private and government-owned.

According to KMA's website, the firm was Burma's first private shipping company operating between Rangoon, Malaysia, Singapore and the Indian ports of Chennai, Kolkata and Nhavasheva, close to Mumbai. KMA vessels currently ship out of the Asia World Port Terminal in Ahlone Township. Conglomerate Khin Maung Aye's business empire extends across sectors and includes Golden Myanmar Airways, Parami General Hospital and CB Bank.

The post Parliament Suspends Rangoon Wharf Project appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

At Least Two Dead, 20 Injured in Thailand Tour Boat Collision

Posted: 08 Jun 2016 11:31 PM PDT

 Tourist boats stand at the sunset at Railay beach in Krabi, Thailand, December 30, 2015. (Photo: Jorge Silva / Reuters)

Tourist boats stand at the sunset at Railay beach in Krabi, Thailand, December 30, 2015. (Photo: Jorge Silva / Reuters)

BANGKOK — Two speedboats packed with 62 tourists crashed Wednesday off the coast of southern Thailand, leaving at least two dead and more than 20 injured. The fatalities were identified as Chinese.

Wednesday's crash was the latest incident to mar the country's image as a tourist paradise, and the third crash in two weeks involving boats that shuttle vacationers to Thailand's resort islands—often at high speed.

The collision involved two boats that were "filled to capacity" with mostly Chinese and Korean tourists on a morning trip from the popular island of Phuket to smaller islands nearby, the Phuket City Hall said in a statement.

Police said they were investigating how the two boats crashed in broad daylight but suspected that speed was a factor.

"It had to be that they were going too fast, that's why there was an accident," said Lt. Col. Prasert Srikhunrat, deputy superintendent of Phuket's marine police. He said there was light rain, which decreased visibility but he did not believe weather was entirely to blame.

"Luckily everyone was wearing life vests, or the number of fatalities would have been higher," he said.

One of the boats was carrying 26 passengers and the other had 36 people on board, including the two who died, he said. They were identified as a Chinese man and woman. Marine police boats rescued people, many from the water, in an operation that took about 90 minutes, he said. The larger of the two boats sunk and the other boat was towed to shore, where paramedics treated the injured and carried some away on stretchers.

Tourism is a key source of revenue for Thailand, which received nearly 30 million foreign visitors in 2015.

Boat, tour bus crashes and other accidents involving tourists have become common, as the numbers of visitors increase annually in Thailand, which is known for its lax enforcement of laws and safety regulations.

On Sunday, a speedboat near the resort island of Koh Samet rammed into an anchored boat, injuring 30 people on board, according to Thai news reports.

In late May, another speedboat carrying 32 tourists capsized in rough waters off Koh Samui, leaving four tourists dead. Two victims were from Britain and the others killed were from Germany and Hong Kong.

In February, two Russian tourists were badly injured while scuba diving off Phi Phi island in Krabi province, when a speedboat's propeller severed one of the men's legs and cut deep gashes into the other man's leg.

A 52-year-old French woman died after being struck by a boat while swimming in waters reserved for snorkelers near an island off Krabi province.

The post At Least Two Dead, 20 Injured in Thailand Tour Boat Collision appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

Sri Lanka Admits 65,000 Missing from War, Insurrection

Posted: 08 Jun 2016 11:27 PM PDT

Family members of people who disappeared during the war between government forces and Tamil Tiger guerrillas protest against what they say are continued abductions, in front of the UN office in Colombo, May 10, 2016. (Photo: Dinuka Liyanawatte / Reuters)

Family members of people who disappeared during the war between government forces and Tamil Tiger guerrillas protest against what they say are continued abductions, in front of the UN office in Colombo, May 10, 2016. (Photo: Dinuka Liyanawatte / Reuters)

COLOMBO — Sri Lanka acknowledged on Wednesday for the first time that some 65,000 people were missing from its 26-year-long war with Tamil Tiger rebels and a separate Marxist insurrection.

President Maithripala Sirisena's coalition government has agreed to address past human rights violations through independent probes and to implement a resolution by the United Nation Human Rights Council (UNHRC).

Former president Mahinda Rajapaksa's government had rejected the UN recommendations, saying it wanted to address rights concerns without any international pressure. Rajapaksa lost power in January 2015.

"Since 1994 various commissions have documented that there are about 65,000 people missing or not found to be dead," Chandrika Bandaranaike Kumaratunga, a former president and head of the new government's reconciliation office, told reporters.

"We will get a final list later from the office of missing persons."

The Tamil Tigers began fighting in 1983 for an independent Tamil state in the north and east of the island of Sri Lanka. Their insurgency ended in 2009. Separately a radical Marxist group waged an armed revolt against the government in 1987-89.

Sri Lanka also said on Wednesday a certificate of absence would be given to relatives allowing them to temporarily manage the property and assets of missing people, to obtain provisional guardianship of their children and apply for government welfare schemes.

The government has set up an office to independently investigate the cases of thousands of missing people, who are mostly from the ethnic minority Tamils, after the United Nations urged the government to probe such disappearances.

However, relatives have accused the government of doing almost nothing to find the missing people as promised in the UN resolution.

The government is due to make an oral representation in Geneva later this month on its progress in implementing the UN resolution, which aims to address rights violations.

The United Nations and rights groups have long urged justice for the families of those who disappeared during the war, including those who were alleged to have been secretly abducted by state-backed groups and paramilitary outfits.

The post Sri Lanka Admits 65,000 Missing from War, Insurrection appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

National News

National News


Pilot census lays groundwork for citizenship verification in Rakhine

Posted: 08 Jun 2016 02:30 PM PDT

Rakhine State immigration officials have launched a pilot project to verify the citizenship of residents in three Muslim-majority townships.

Bangkok brothel raid reveals underage Myanmar sex workers

Posted: 08 Jun 2016 02:30 PM PDT

A raid on a large Bangkok brothel notorious for its "soapy massages" has found underage sex workers from Myanmar and logbooks detailing big kickbacks to corrupt cops and officials, investigators said yesterday.

KNO urges Pakistan to stop selling fighter jets to Myanmar

Posted: 08 Jun 2016 02:30 PM PDT

The Kachin National Organisation has urged Pakistan to stop selling fighter jets to the military, which it said could use the aircraft in fighting against ethnic armed groups.

Magwe Sayadaw resigns from nationalist monk association

Posted: 08 Jun 2016 02:30 PM PDT

A leading nationalist cleric has resigned from the Committee for the Protection of Nationality and Religion, known by its Myanmar-language acronym Ma Ba Tha, which he helped to found. U Parmaukkha, also known as Magwe Sayadaw, resigned after unexpectedly not attending a conference on June 4-5 marking the organisation's third anniversary.

Jetty construction near Botahtaung Pagoda suspended

Posted: 08 Jun 2016 02:30 PM PDT

Parliament has suspended the construction of a jetty near Botahtaung Pagoda in Yangon, which had already been approved by the Myanmar Investment Commission.

MHRC pleads on behalf of Myanmar murder suspects

Posted: 08 Jun 2016 02:30 PM PDT

The Myanmar National Human Rights Commission has urged its Thai counterpart to help four Myanmar migrant workers accused of murder. They have asked that the Thai human rights body try to protect the accused from being tortured by Thai police.

CSOs discuss nationwide land policy for refugees

Posted: 08 Jun 2016 02:30 PM PDT

For the first time, civil society organisations yesterday addressed land restitution for IDPs and refugees on a national level, rather than on a per-state basis.

In an unregulated industry, domestic workers fall prey to human traffickers

Posted: 08 Jun 2016 02:30 PM PDT

Van Biak had only been away from her family in Leilet, Chin State, for two weeks, but her mother was in tears as they embraced. Van Biak and her older sister Van Hnem left to find work as maids in Singapore with few job opportunities in their remote village in Chin State, one of the poorest regions of Myanmar where 73 percent of the population lives below the poverty line.

Heavy rain expected this week

Posted: 08 Jun 2016 02:30 PM PDT

Here it comes. The full strength of the monsoon will be visited on Yangon and other parts of the country starting this week, with thunderstorms and heavy rain forecast for the period June 8 to 13.

Hospital owners cleared in pornography case

Posted: 08 Jun 2016 02:30 PM PDT

The owners of a hospital accused of providing unlicensed treatment at a private clinic and distributing pornography has been cleared. 

Wednesday, June 8, 2016

The Irrawaddy Magazine

The Irrawaddy Magazine


Shan and Kachin Armed Groups Hold ‘Pre-Panglong Consultation’

Posted: 08 Jun 2016 07:52 AM PDT

Ethnic Kachin and Shan leaders pose after the Consultation on Panglong on June 8 in Chiang Mai, Thailand. In the front row, from left, are Lt-Gen Yawd Serk of the RCSS, Gen N'Ban La of the KIO, and Gen Sai Htoo of the SSPP. (Photo: Nyein Nyein / The Irrawaddy)

Ethnic Kachin and Shan leaders pose after the Consultation on Panglong on June 8 in Chiang Mai, Thailand. In the front row, from left, are Lt-Gen Yawd Serk of the RCSS, Gen N'Ban La of the KIO, and Gen Sai Htoo of the SSPP. (Photo: Nyein Nyein / The Irrawaddy)

CHIANG MAI, Thailand — To prepare for the upcoming "21st Century Panglong Conference," the leaders of ethnic Shan and Kachin armed groups held a "Consultation on Panglong" in the northern Thai city of Chiang Mai on June 7-8.

The conference was proposed by Burma's State Counselor Aung Suu Kyi as a means of forging peace with Burma's disparate ethnic armed groups.

The original Panglong agreement in 1947, on which Suu Kyi has styled her peace initiative, was signed between her father Aung San—representing the soon-to-be independent government of Burma, dominated by ethnic Burmans—and leaders from Shan, Kachin and Chin minority groups. It envisaged "full autonomy in internal administration" for Burma's ethnic minority "frontier" regions.

Still today, a deal on federalism is widely considered a necessary condition for a successful peace agreement.

The Kachin Independence Organization (KIO), the Restoration Council of Shan State (RCSS) and the Shan State Progressive Party (SSPP) were present at the June 7-8 consultation, led respectively by Gen N'Ban La, Lt-Gen Yawd Serk and Gen Sai Htoo.

Although the consultation was intended to comprise the ethnic descendants of the original Panglong signatories, leaders from the Chin National Front (CNF) were absent—although they consented in advance to abide by the outcome of the meeting.

Gen N'Ban La of the KIO said in his closing remarks that, "As the original signatories of Panglong [in 1947], we—Shan, Kachin and Chin—have to take responsibility for leading this [peace] process."

"We agreed that we would work with the other ethnicities and try to create a common voice at the [government's] upcoming [peace] conference," N'Ban La added.

Lt-Col Sai Meng of the RCSS, who was also present, told reporters that the leaders had agreed to support and participate in the "21st-Century Panglong Conference."

"We also believe that the new Panglong will honor the spirit of the 1947 Panglong, and preserve its essence," Sai Meng said.

KIO Vice Chairman Gen Gun Maw told reporters that his group would "consult with our people" before participating in the peace conference, which they hope to help "make into a success."

The June 7-8 "Panglong" consultation was urgently called following a meeting between RCSS and KIO leaders the previous week.

However, despite these clear signals of support for the government's peace initiative, the armed group leaders would still need to hold discussions with other members of the United Nationalities Federal Council (UNFC), an influential alliance of ethnic armed groups, which currently includes the KIO and the SSPP but not the RCSS or the CNF.

One urgent topic for discussion would be whether the UNFC's Delegation for Political Negotiation (DPN) would be ready to join the government's review meeting on the framework for political dialogue on Thursday, to which they were invited last week.

Gen Sai Htoo of the SSPP told The Irrawaddy that members of the DPN needed to discuss the matter before deciding whether they would attend.

The post Shan and Kachin Armed Groups Hold 'Pre-Panglong Consultation' appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

Rangoon Parliament to Amend Colonial Era Laws

Posted: 08 Jun 2016 06:27 AM PDT

 Cranes and scaffolding are a common sight in downtown Rangoon, as seen here on Sept. 23, 2015. (Photo: Soe Zeya Tun / Reuters)

Cranes and scaffolding are a common sight in downtown Rangoon, as seen here on Sept. 23, 2015. (Photo: Soe Zeya Tun / Reuters)

RANGOON — The Rangoon Division parliament is planning to amend ten regional laws pertaining to infrastructure, transportation, freshwater fish farming, and alcohol regulation. Some have not been amended since the colonial era, and are seen as ill-suited to Rangoon's present state of rapid development.

Deputy Speaker of Rangoon's parliament Lin Naing Myint, quoted in the state-run Daily Mirror, said that 10 parliamentary committees are reviewing the 10 existing laws to assess how they might be adapted to present realities.

"During our field research, we found some of the [divisional] laws to be weak and outdated," Kyaw Zay Ya, Rangoon divisional lawmaker and a member of the Finance, Planning and Economic Affairs Committee, told The Irrawaddy on Wednesday.

Kyaw Zay Ya said that his committee is preparing to update the law on alcohol taxation, which in its present form provides for insufficient revenue.

Kyaw Zay Ya also cited planned changes to the Road and Inland Water Transport Law, to impose stricter rules on bus lines which currently overcharge for tickets during peak festival times. During these periods, many of Rangoon's migrant workers return to their home districts, and then fail to put on enough buses to deal with the festival rush, contributing to a black market in tickets.

"Some laws are no longer suited to the present environment, such as the 50 kyats (US$0.04) or 100 kyats (US$0.08) fines originally prescribed in the laws under British rule," Kyaw Zay Ya said. He expected the amendments to be enacted later this year.

The post Rangoon Parliament to Amend Colonial Era Laws appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

Western Union Launches Outbound Transfers

Posted: 08 Jun 2016 05:59 AM PDT

People walk past a Western Union branch at Times Square in New York. The company launched outbound money transfers in Burma this week. (Photo: Reuters)

People walk past a Western Union branch at Times Square in New York. The company launched outbound money transfers in Burma this week. (Photo: Reuters)

RANGOON — Private banks in Burma will allow outbound money transfers through Western Union and MoneyGram starting this month, banking industry officials said.

Earlier this week, US-based Western Union introduced international money transfers from Burma in partnership with nine banks: Kanbawza, Ayeyarwaddy, Myanma Apex, United Amara, Yoma, Co-operative (CB), Myanmar Oriental, World Treasure and First Private Bank.

Patricia Riingen, senior vice president of Western Union in Southeast Asia, said nine banks with almost 800 branches around the country will provide the foreign transfer service in Burma.

Starting this week, remittances sent from Burma will also be allowed at up to US$3,000 per person through Western Union.

Western Union, one of the world's leading global money transfer services, has more than 500,000 branches in over 200 countries. Western Union's inbound transfer service to Burma began in 2013.

Zaw Lin Htut, chief executive officer of the Myanmar Payment Union (MPU) said he welcomed the new launch because many expatriates living in Burma as well as Burmese citizens living abroad would be happy that remittances would be easier to send.

"In the past, students' parents couldn't remit money to their children through legal channels and instead found informal channels," Zaw Lin Htut said, adding, "Through informal channels, if senders faced mistatement or problems, they couldn't claim their money back. Now it is legal and easy to transfer money. This is good news."

MoneyGram, another money transfer service, will also allow remittances from Burma through their partner banks this month, said Soe Thein, executive director of the Asian Green Development Bank, adding that the remittance maximum would be similar to the one set by Western Union.

MoneyGram's international money transfer service opened in Burma in 2013 in partnership with three banks: Asia Green Development Bank, Myanmar Citizens Bank and the Tun Foundation Bank.

The post Western Union Launches Outbound Transfers appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

Ethnic Alliance Risks Irrelevance If It Skips ‘Panglong’

Posted: 08 Jun 2016 05:50 AM PDT

Dr. Tin Myo Win (right) speaks to Gen. Gun Maw (left) in Chiang Mai, Thailand last week. (Photo: Saw Yan Naing / The Irrawaddy)

Dr. Tin Myo Win (right) speaks to Gen. Gun Maw (left) in Chiang Mai, Thailand last week. (Photo: Saw Yan Naing / The Irrawaddy)

New faces were seen at a meeting between the Burmese government's peace delegation and ethnic armed groups in Chiang Mai, northern Thailand last week, raising expectations for the upcoming peace process.

At the meeting, Dr. Tin Myo Win, the trusted personal physician of Aung San Suu Kyi, Burma’s state counselor, led the government delegation and urged ethnic leaders to discuss the issues at hand "frankly and brotherly, like family members."

The government's top peace envoy said, "Think of us as if we are brothers. Don’t feel sorry or bad, but talk with us frankly. We will also respond in the same way. Let’s try to build trust through brotherly conversation."

Tin Myo Win met with ethnic groups who both signed and did not sign the "nationwide ceasefire agreement" (NCA) with Burma's previous government. The NCA, made official in October of last year, has been criticized for excluding several ethnic armed organizations.

Tin Myo Win said ethnic minorities and the majority ethnic Burmans are "like brothers and sisters living in the same country, and sometimes family members who live in the same house don’t get along and don’t talk to each other."

"But now we all have to think of peace. We have to live together and build trust and understanding in order to establish a federal union and a peaceful developed country. These are our duties," said Tin Myo Win.

He invited ethnic representatives from an alliance of ethnic armed groups, the United Nationalities Federal Council (UNFC)—made up of NCA non-signatories—to attend an agenda-setting meeting so that they could decide whether to participate in the upcoming "21st Century Panglong Conference." The original Panglong Conference was convened by Gen Aung San in 1947 and resulted in an inter-ethnic peace pact that collapsed after the 1962 military coup.

A grouping of UNFC leaders, known as the Delegation for Political Negotiation (DPN), said they will respond to Tin Myo Win’s invitation later. No major decision was made at the meeting, but a general statement was released asking how the new government will include all ethnic armed groups in the peace process, particularly those who were excluded by the previous government from signing the NCA.

Observers expect that the UNFC will likely consider participating in the "21st Century Panglong Conference" and may also sign the NCA in due course, lest they risk losing influence by opting out. The ethnic bloc is reportedly happier to deal with a civilian-led delegation rather the previous government's peace mission led by former President's Office minister Aung Min.

Some believe the organization's power is already on the wane. The UNFC used to be comprised of 14 ethnic armed groups, but has since been trimmed down to nine.

Two of the UNFC members, the Ta'ang National Liberation Army (TNLA) and the ethnic Kokang army known as Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army (MNDAA), have tried to pull out of the bloc, which would weaken the organization's military strength.

The UNFC also expelled two members, the Pa-O National Liberation Organization (PNLO) and the Chin National Front (CNF), for signing the NCA in Oct. 2015. One of its most powerful members, the Karen National Union (KNU), pulled out in 2014 citing the alliance's ineffectuality.

Most of the remaining UNFC members are now more active as political organizations than as armed groups, except its chair, the Kachin Independence Organization/Army (KIO), which, claims to retain up to 20,000 fighters.

Gen Gun Maw of the KIO said at the meeting that the UNFC members have not heard from State Counselor Aung San Suu Kyi on the details of the "21st Century Panglong Conference" and have relied on the media to receive news and information on the event.

"So far, we have formed our own opinions [on the "21st Century Panglong Conference"] based on news and information from the media. We hope to hear a clearer explanation at the meeting [with Tin Myo Win]," said Gun Maw.

According to sources within the ethnic armed groups, Tin Myo Win could not answer all of the questions posed by Gun Maw at the meeting and said he had to report back to Suu Kyi for clarification.

The UNFC leader said he was willing to cooperate with the new delegation, but will be prudent and cautious about potentially signing the NCA. Some observers predict that the UNFC may join the Panglong-style conference" without signing the ceasefire agreement.

The UNFC will miss a significant opportunity if they opt out of the conference, which is expected to start in late July, said the observers.

Tin Myo Win said that he invited the ethnic armed groups who are non-NCA signatories to join the conference to let them to speak for themselves.

"There will be opportunities for them if they come and participate in the conference," said Tin Myo Win.

"The people elected us [NLD] to achieve development, safety and peace and improve livelihoods. We can’t realize these goals if we don’t first achieve peace. We will only reach a solution after negotiating with our brothers and sisters [the ethnic leaders]," he said.

The post Ethnic Alliance Risks Irrelevance If It Skips 'Panglong' appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

Govt Invites UWSA, MNDAA to the Peace Table 

Posted: 08 Jun 2016 05:42 AM PDT

 A check point at the entrance to Pangsan, where the United Wa State Army's headquarters is located. (Photo: JPaing / The Irrawaddy)

A check point at the entrance to Pangsan, where the United Wa State Army's headquarters is located. (Photo: JPaing / The Irrawaddy)

RANGOON — The United Wa State Army (UWSA), Burma's largest and most powerful ethnic armed group, and the Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army (MNDAA) have agreed to talk to the Burma government's peace negotiators.

By the end of the week, the two groups will meet with a preparation subcommittee for what is being billed as the "21st Century Panglong Conference," Hla Maung Shwe, secretary of the government's peace negotiation team, told The Irrawaddy.

"Dr. Tin Myo Win himself sent a letter [of invitation to the UWSA and MNDAA]," Hla Maung Shwe said, referring to the Burma government's chief peace negotiator.

"They received the letter and welcomed it. They want to meet. We have not yet decided on a time or venue because we're still considering weather conditions and transportation. But it is very likely that the meeting will take place within a couple of days," Hla Maung Shwe said.

The government's peace negotiation team will supposedly invite the UWSA and MNDAA to the conference at the meeting and discuss their demands, according to Hla Maung Shwe.

"First, we'll meet with them. Then, we'll explain to them [our goals]. Our committee is responsible for making sure they attend the conference. We will know [the final outcome] after our discussions. I think they may be interested in the new landscape under the current government," Hla Maung Shwe said.

The UWSA and MNDAA did not sign the so-called nationwide ceasefire agreement (NCA) with former President Thein Sein's government last October. The UWSA has said before that it did not need to sign the NCA because the truce it signed with the military regime 26 years ago has not collapsed.

Military analysts believe that the UWSA, estimated to have over 30,000 troops, might once again push for autonomy, taking advantage of the government's invitation for ceasefire.

Meanwhile, the MNDAA signed a preliminary truce with Thein Sein's government on Sept. 7, 2011, and the two sides have, in the past, held peace talks at the national level. The MNDAA split from the Communist Party of Burma (CPB) on June 30, 1989, and it was one of the first groups to sign a ceasefire with the Burma Army. The military regime designated Shan State's Mongla region as the MNDAA's base (Special Region 4), delegating to the armed group a degree of control over some areas in eastern Shan State.

The conference subcommittee also met the United Nationalities Federal Council's (UNFC) Delegation for Political Negotiation (DPN), comprised of 13 members drawn from various non-state ethnic armed groups who opted out of signing the NCA, last week.

Translated from Burmese by Thet Ko Ko

The post Govt Invites UWSA, MNDAA to the Peace Table  appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

Deaths of Three Ethnic Palaung Reveal Persisting Conflict in Shan State

Posted: 08 Jun 2016 04:43 AM PDT

Locals from Shan State's Namkham Township carry the body of an ethnic Palaung killed last week. (Photo: TNLA News and Information Department / Facebook)

Locals from Shan State's Namkham Township carry the body of an ethnic Palaung killed last week. (Photo: TNLA News and Information Department / Facebook)

RANGOON — The recent deaths of three ethnic Palaung, also called Ta'ang, in Shan State's Namkham Township seem to have further entrenched the lines of ethnic conflict in the state.

Namkham, which sits on a border with China, is home to ethnic Shan and Palaung. It is also the site of fighting between two ethnic armed groups: the Ta'ang National Liberation Army (TNLA) and the Shan State Army-South (SSA-S), the respective armed wings of the Palaung State Liberation Front (PSLF) and the Restoration Council of Shan State (RCSS).

One ethnic Palaung stepped on a landmine near a tea garden on June 1, while the murdered bodies of two others were found outside the village of Mang Aung on June 3. While it is as yet unknown who is responsible for the three deaths, a number of local ethnic Palaung and TNLA members have since directed blame toward members of the RCSS/SSA-S.

"We haven't said the names of the people who murdered our people, because we don't have enough evidence, but we know that they are RCSS members," said Kyaw Sein, a Namkham resident and an ethnic Palaung.

Ta'ang National Party (TNP) leaders, however, say the path to answers, and to justice, is far from certain.

Tun Kyaw, a TNP lawmaker from Namkham in the Lower House, told The Irrawaddy that his party is at a loss as to how to solve the conflict, and have considered soliciting help from the Ministry of Ethnic Affairs to find a peaceful solution.

"We don't know who to turn to for action in seeking justice for the three Palaung victims," Tun Kyaw said.

Indeed, these recent deaths represent the latest arc in an ongoing story of violence between ethnic Shan and Palaung in areas of northern Shan State since late last year.

'This Isn't a Communal Conflict'

The TNLA and RCSS have been locked in conflict over territory in northern Shan State since November of last year, after the SSA-S signed the so-called nationwide ceasefire agreement (NCA) with Burma's previous government. The TNLA, which was not allowed to sign the peace accord, has accused the Burma Army of fueling conflict in Shan State, saying that it has given logistical support and protection to the SSA-S, though the Shan armed group has repeatedly denied this.

In one part of Shan State, one might hear an ethnic Shan politician blame Palaung groups for instigating conflict in the region; in another, members of the TNLA might say that the SSA-S is to blame because they invaded Palaung territory. The tenuous boundaries of land ownership make it difficult to parse who was in the wrong in accusations of encroachment.

Intense fighting between the TNLA and SSA-S erupted again in February, forcing thousands of people out of Kyaukme Township. Locals say that distrust and hatred between ethnic Shan and Palaung eventually crept into the adjacent townships of Mongton and Namkham.

Tun Kyaw said that the problem, at least in part, is that RCSS and TNLA leaders use their individual political agendas to inflame conflict, all while dragging locals into the fray.

"They get locals to hate each other by talking about being patriotic. But they don't understand that they're just being used [by ethnic armed group leaders]," said Tun Kyaw.

"The best way to solve this communal conflict is for everyone—including heads of political parties and community, cultural and village leaders—to sit down together."

Nang Htwe Hmone, a lawmaker from Namkham representing the Shan Nationalities League for Democracy (SNLD), said that the people who have remained in the region feel that they have no security; she echoed calls for the warring groups to sit at the peace table.

"I've heard that two ethnic Shan and Palaung parties will try to cooperate, to work together to solve this problem, but that it is difficult for them to do so because they don't know who might try to kill them," Nang Htwe Hmone said.

"Ethnic Shan and Palaung lived together [peacefully] for many years. We didn't have this problem in the past. But we have this problem now. I think it's best to let the leaders from both armed groups [the TNLA and SSA-S] talk together to find a solution."

Col Sai Hla, a spokesperson for the RCSS/SSA-S, said that if TNLA soldiers would stop attacking his troops, there would be no conflict in northern Shan State, while TNLA General Secretary Tar Bong Kyaw, said that conflict between the camps will persist only until RCSS soldiers return to their headquarters in southern Shan State.

"This isn't a communal conflict. This is some ethnic Shan who support the RCSS and hate the Ta'ang people trying to make conflict," Tar Bong Kyaw said.

"The Ta'ang people just stay in their villages and keep quiet. We try to encourage our local people not to respond to their anger and to avoid conflict."

The RCSS, along with eight non-state armed groups, was a signatory of the NCA in October, while the TNLA was excluded from negotiations by the government. The two sides split shortly thereafter.

The post Deaths of Three Ethnic Palaung Reveal Persisting Conflict in Shan State appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

New Members Appointed to Burma’s Investment Commission  

Posted: 08 Jun 2016 03:13 AM PDT

 People sit in the reception at the World Economic Forum on June 5, 2013, in Naypyidaw, where foreign investment into Burma was a main topic of discussion. (Photo: Reuters)

People sit in the reception at the World Economic Forum on June 5, 2013, in Naypyidaw, where foreign investment into Burma was a main topic of discussion. (Photo: Reuters)

RANGOON — The Myanmar Investment Commission (MIC) was reshuffled on Tuesday to include 11 new members, the President's Office announced on Wednesday.

Kyaw Win, Minister of National Planning and Finance, was appointed chairman, and Than Myint, Minister of Commerce, was appointed vice chairman.

Among the other members of the reconstituted MIC are Attorney General Tun Tun Oo and permanent secretaries from the commerce, national planning and finance, and resources and environmental conservation ministries. There is also one new member from the Union of Myanmar Federation of Chambers of Commerce and Industry (UMFCCI).

Aung Naing Oo, former secretary of the MIC, has been selected again for a similar post.

Since April, more than 100 investment proposals, for both foreign and local projects, have been awaiting approval due to the stalled reform of the MIC.

"We could only approve proposals once the MIC was reconstituted," Aung Naing Oo said.

But Maung Maung Lay, vice president of the UMFCCI, said that this reshuffled MIC seems similar to its previous iteration—Burma's Minister of National Planning and Finance has once again been selected for the chairman position—and he questioned whether the new MIC members would be able to avoid making the same mistakes as their predecessors.

"There should be more experts on the MIC, and I expected there to be greater representation from the private sector, but I've only seen one, from the UMFCCI," he said.

The MIC played a key role in amending the Myanmar Investment Law in January. The new law expands human rights protections for foreign investment projects. It also combines the 2012 Foreign Investment Law and 2013 Myanmar Citizens Investment Law.

The post New Members Appointed to Burma's Investment Commission   appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

As Modi Meets Obama, Activists Call for Talks on Human Trafficking

Posted: 07 Jun 2016 11:03 PM PDT

 US President Barack Obama shakes hands with India's Prime Minister Narendra Modi after their remarks to reporters following a meeting in the Oval Office at the White House in Washington, US, June 7, 2016. (Photo: Jonathan Ernst / Reuters)

US President Barack Obama shakes hands with India's Prime Minister Narendra Modi after their remarks to reporters following a meeting in the Oval Office at the White House in Washington, US, June 7, 2016. (Photo: Jonathan Ernst / Reuters)

NEW DELHI — US President Barack Obama should press the visiting prime minister of India to strengthen his country's anti-trafficking laws and deliver justice to victims, human rights campaigners said on Tuesday.

Obama was due to meet Prime Minister Narendra Modi at the White House on Tuesday to discuss economic growth, climate change, clean energy and defence cooperation.

However, activists called on Obama to use Modi's fourth visit to the United States since becoming prime minister in 2014 to focus on India's anti-slavery record.

India has the most slaves in the world with more than 18 million people trapped in debt bondage, forced into marriage, sold to brothels or born into servitude, according to the 2016 Global Slavery Index.

"More people are enslaved in India than in any other country in the world, with millions of Indian men, women, and children trapped in debt bondage and forced to perform strenuous work," said Amy Sobel of the Washington-based Human Rights First pressure group.

"Prime Minister Modi's trip to the United States is an opportunity for President Obama to raise concerns over India's progress in combating modern slavery while ensuring that the US-India relationship is grounded in respect for human dignity and fundamental rights."

Forty percent of the world's estimated 45.8 million slaves are in India, although the scourge exists in all 167 nations surveyed in last month's Global Slavery Index, according to researchers behind the list.

The US State Department's 2015 Trafficking in Persons (TIP) report shows that India's primary trafficking problem is forced labor.

Often trapped in debt, victims including women and children are forced to work in brick kilns, rice mills, agriculture, embroidery factories, and other industries to pay off what they owe to their traffickers.

The TIP report ranks India as a Tier 2 country which means the government has not fully complied with US standards but is making significant efforts to meet those standards.

Last week a senior US lawmaker raised concerns over India's human rights record, noting that the 2015 TIP report indicated that Indian officials at various levels of government were complicit in human trafficking.

"The government did not report investigations, prosecutions or convictions of government officials complicit in human trafficking offences," said Senator Ben Cardin, a member of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, during a speech in New Delhi.

Indian officials, however, have pointed to a slew of initiatives taken by Modi's government over the last two years which they said was proof that New Delhi was taking the issue seriously.

These include the introduction of a new anti-trafficking law, an online platform to find missing children and increased focus on the rehabilitation of victims of slavery.

Last week India unveiled a draft of its first comprehensive anti-human trafficking law, which provides for more shelters, a rehabilitation fund, fast-track courts to ensure speedy trials and a federal investigative agency to boost convictions.

The post As Modi Meets Obama, Activists Call for Talks on Human Trafficking appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

First in Asia, Thailand Eliminates Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV

Posted: 07 Jun 2016 10:55 PM PDT

A hospital pharmacist arranges HIV/AIDS drugs for patients in Payao province, about 400 miles north of Bangkok, November 28, 2007. (Photo: Sukree Sukplang / Reuters)

A hospital pharmacist arranges HIV/AIDS drugs for patients in Payao province, about 400 miles north of Bangkok, November 28, 2007. (Photo: Sukree Sukplang / Reuters)

BANGKOK — When Anya Nopalit became pregnant with her first son, 16 years ago, she learned she had HIV and worried she would pass the virus on to him.

Fortunately, Thailand had launched a program that year to provide antiretroviral (ARV) treatment and counseling for pregnant women with HIV, and her son was born free of the virus.

A decade later, she had a second son—this time, armed with knowledge about how to monitor the amount of HIV in her blood—her viral load—and the CD4 cells protecting her from infection. She was confident that he would not get sick.

"With my first child, I was scared, but with my second, I was not scared at all because I knew what my viral load and CD4 levels were, and he wouldn't contract it," Anya said by telephone while at sea fishing in eastern Chanthaburi province.

The World Health Organization announced on Wednesday that Thailand has become the first Asian country to eliminate mother-to-child transmission of HIV and syphilis.

Elimination of transmission is defined as a reduction of transmission to such a low level that it no longer constitutes a public health problem.

Last year, Cuba was the world's first country to receive WHO validation for eliminating mother-to-child transmission of HIV.

But Thailand, which is home to about 450,000 people living with HIV, is "the first with a large HIV epidemic to ensure an AIDS-free generation," the WHO said in a statement.

"This is a remarkable achievement for a country where thousands of people live with HIV," Dr. Poonam Khetrapal Singh, the head of WHO for Southeast Asia, said in a statement.

"Thailand has demonstrated to the world that HIV can be defeated," she added.

UNAIDS Executive Director Michel Sidibé called the achievement an important milestone in efforts to end the AIDS epidemic by 2030.

Better Coverage

In the 1980s and 1990s, Thailand struggled with a huge HIV epidemic, with an estimated 143,000 new infections in 1991.

Over the decades, it has conducted awareness and condom use campaigns, and provided free antiretroviral (ARV) treatment for all Thais, cutting the estimated number of new infections to 8,100 in 2013.

Thailand's decision to provide all pregnant women—including undocumented migrant workers—free antenatal care, delivery and services for HIV and syphilis, pushed treatment coverage rates up, culminating in the validation of elimination of mother-to-child transmission, WHO said.

Mother-to-child transmission has dropped to 85 children infected with HIV in 2015, from about 1,000 children infected in 2000, it said.

According to Thai health authorities, the number of women newly infected with HIV fell to 1,900 in 2014, from 15,000 in 2000.

Untreated, women living with HIV have a 15 percent to 45 percent chance of transmitting the virus to their children during pregnancy, labor, delivery or breastfeeding, WHO said.

That risk drops to just over 1 percent if ARVs are given to mothers and children throughout the stages when infection can occur.

According to the Thai Ministry of Public Health, 98 percent of all pregnant women living with HIV have access to ARVs, and the rate of mother-to-child transmission of HIV has been reduced to less than 2 percent.

The post First in Asia, Thailand Eliminates Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV appeared first on The Irrawaddy.

National News

National News


Visa exemption signed with Singapore

Posted: 07 Jun 2016 02:30 PM PDT

Starting in December, Myanmar and Singapore citizens will no longer need a visa to travel between the two countries.

NLD reshuffle planned with coming internal election

Posted: 07 Jun 2016 02:30 PM PDT

After dealing a blow to its biggest political rival in last year's election and becoming the ruling party, the National League for Democracy is now preparing to hold internal elections, the party's secretariat announced yesterday.

Embezzlement probe wraps up

Posted: 07 Jun 2016 02:30 PM PDT

A tribunal tasked with investigating allegations of a US$100 million gems heist that implicated senior members of the former administration has come to a conclusion, but will not be sharing its findings with the public.

No plan to suspend betel nut street stalls in Mandalay

Posted: 07 Jun 2016 02:30 PM PDT

A directive from the Union government to reduce the use of betel will not lead to the closure of betel nut stands in Mandalay, according to the city's development committee.

State counsellor asked to lead ASEAN joint meetings

Posted: 07 Jun 2016 02:30 PM PDT

The prime minister of Singapore Lee Hsien Loong yesterday urged State Counsellor Daw Aung San Suu Kyi to act as a leader of joint ASEAN meetings with other countries, especially during the G20 summit. The latest role will add yet another responsibility onto the 70-year-old leader's very full mandate running the National League for Democracy, heading the President's Office, serving as foreign minister and assuming the role created for her as state counsellor.

Speaker warns MPs to avoid pointing out government weaknesses

Posted: 07 Jun 2016 02:30 PM PDT

The Speaker of parliament has been criticised for apparently trying to dissuade MPs from asking questions that show the government in a poor light. Rakhine State MP U Pe Than compared current Speaker U Win Myint unfavourably with his predecessor, Thura U Shwe Mann, adding, "It looks like the Speaker is putting pressure on MPs not to criticise the government."

Apartment lottery winners warned not to sell the housing

Posted: 07 Jun 2016 02:30 PM PDT

Lucky winners who were picked to live in Mandalay's new riverbank apartment complex will have to stay there, city officials say. The city development committee's head of building works, U Zaw Win, said on June 4 that those who won the lottery to occupy the city-owned housing on the Ayeyarwady River could be evicted if they were found to have transferred their apartments to others.

Conservation ministry takes aim at Mong La wildlife trade

Posted: 07 Jun 2016 02:30 PM PDT

Authorities plan to shut down a notorious market where exotic animal parts are sold openly, an official said yesterday, as Southeast Asia struggles to stem a billion-dollar wildlife trade fuelled by Chinese demand.

Govt plans to build 180,000 affordable housing units

Posted: 07 Jun 2016 02:30 PM PDT

The government revealed plans yesterday to build 180,000 affordable housing units throughout Myanmar. U Min Htain, director general of the Department of Urban Housing and Development, made the announcement at a press conference held at the Ministry of Construction in Nay Pyi Taw.

Dragnet tightens around illegal fishing

Posted: 07 Jun 2016 02:30 PM PDT

Myanmar is now legally bound to help rid the seas of pirate fishing vessels.