Democratic Voice of Burma

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• Government, ethnic groups one step closer to ceasefire
• Ye Htut supports press freedom – on govt terms
• Suu Kyi and Yeoh launch health and education foundation
• Monasteries in Naypyidaw sued for illegal land use

Government, ethnic groups one step closer to ceasefire Posted: 10 Mar 2014 04:48 AM PDT The finalisation of the draft nationwide ceasefire agreement will fall to a joint committee of ethnic ceasefire parties and government negotiators. In an unprecedented level of cooperation between the two sides, the Nationwide Ceasefire Coordination Team (NCCT), made up of 17 ethnic groups, agreed on Sunday to partner with the government's Internal Peace Making Working Committee (IPMWC) in the finalisation of the draft. The agreement precedes the planned Hpa-an peace talks – reset for the end of this month after several postponements. The sides met at a two-day Rangoon meeting ending on Sunday, which resulted in a statement pledging the formation of a bipartisan committee with the goal of producing a "single ceasefire text" to prelude political dialogue. Ministers Khin Yi (Immigration), Thet Naing Win (Border Affairs) and Ltd-Gen Myint So of the Ministry of Defence were present at the meeting, alongside NCCT leaders Nai Hongsa of the New Mon State Party the Karen National Union's (KNU) Kwe Htoo Win and Lian H. Sakhong of the Chin National Front. Lian H. Sakhong sees the move as a step closer to peace. "We see the formation of the joint-committee as a progression in the peace process, otherwise we would be repeating the endless circle where we draft frameworks and then get turned down by the other side," he said. According to Lian H. Sakhong, the joint-committee will be formed by nine representatives from each side of the divide, with government representatives on the panel sourced from the President's Office, Parliament and the Army. Related Stories ASEAN military chiefs plan Malacca Strait exercise Burma Army clashes with SSA-S, TNLA in Shan State Burmese military seeks stronger ties with Indonesia The government has long stressed ceasefire as a prerequisite for political discussion with armed ethnic organisations. Ethnic groups such as the Kachin Independence Organisation maintain a separate focus, demanding that political dialogue should be conducted prior to a ceasefire. Last year, the Shan Nationalities League for Democracy told DVB that "ceasefire would not be sustainable without implementing a political dialogue since there will be no mutual trust". Burmese military Commander-in-Chief Min Aung Hlaing stressed the opposite in a meeting with KNU delegates on Friday, stating that the government would bring about ceasefire "in any way possible". According to KNU Central Committee member Mahn Nyein Maung, present at the meeting, Min Aung Hlaing stressed the need for ceasefire before political discussion could take place. "The commander-in-chief vowed to bring about ceasefire no matter what. He said that only the ceasefire would allow for peace building and development in the country, and that we had to have faith in the government," Mahn Nyein Maung said. Without divulging the items on the list, state-run New Light of Myanmar reported on Saturday that Min Aung Hlaing had taken a confidential "six point wish list" to the unilateral meeting with the KNU.

Ye Htut supports press freedom – on govt terms Posted: 10 Mar 2014 04:07 AM PDT The Hawaii-based East-West Centre, established to forge links between the United States and the Asia-Pacific, is hosting the fourth iteration of its biennial media conference in Rangoon this week. In many respects, it serves as a testament to how far press freedoms in Burma have progressed over the past two years. But true freedom of the press in Burma remains a long way off, and the government has shown dangerous signs of backsliding in recent weeks. Signals from the president's office indicate the press will continue to have a much wider berth than just a few years ago, but the government intends to keep it firmly under heel. In his opening address at the conference, deputy information minister and presidential spokesman Ye Htut touted the benefits of a free press, but cautioned that it must be responsible. "The president believes that the media has a clear role in democracy," he said. "They must be in the public space, in which the democratic discourse takes place. It is a vital process for the evolution of democratic culture in our society." Despite this effusive praise for the role of the press, recent attempts to undermine it tell a different story. Five journalists from the previously obscure Unity Weekly journal were arrested last month for alleging the existence of a chemical weapons factory in central Burma's Pauk township, and are currently facing conviction under Burma's Official Secrets Act. Ye Htut dismissed the notion that the Unity case signified an attack on press freedom, framing it as an issue of national security.  "I think even the United States government would respond with the same action, concerning national security, like Snowden," he told DVB on the sidelines of the conference. "But we will guarantee that they will get a fair trial and that they will enjoy all their legal rights during the procedure." The government has also taken steps to limit the ability of foreign journalists to stay in the country. In February, the government announced new, restrictive rules for foreign journalists entering the country. While journalists affiliated with established bureaus can officially be granted visas of up to six months, those coming independently or for short visits will now be granted single-entry visas lasting one month.  Robin McDowell, a reporter for The Associated Press (AP), had previously been told her agency's visa issues were the result of its reporting on sectarian violence in northern Arakan State. Related Stories Defamation case on hold: Thais urged to probe Rohingya smuggling MSF operations set to resume, but not in Arakan Anti-corruption commission to be formed "Last year, between the World Economic Forum in June and the Southeast Asia games in December, we tried to introduce a new visa recommendation policy, a three-month multiple entry visa, which could be extended in Yangon [Rangoon]," Ye Htut explained. "But at the end of December, at the end of the SEA games, we reviewed that policy, and we found that nearly 100 foreign journalists are still working in our country, some of them for nearly one year." Despite the official policy laid out early last month, a number of journalists affiliated with established bureaus in Burma have been issued short-term visas or have had existing long-term visas reduced, despite bureau affiliations that should allow them to stay in the country long-term. Ye Htut claimed the issues caused by the AP’s reporting were the result of its poor "ethical standards," and not its coverage of sectarian violence itself, and criticised the measures taken by the agency to protect its sources against reprisal.  "The issue with the Associated Press is that they are only using anonymous sources, without verifying with the government," he said. "Even if you look at the AP code of conduct, there are very strict criteria about using these kinds of unconfirmed sources." The government routinely limits journalists' access to sensitive parts of the country, often forcing reporters to rely on second-hand accounts. Hannah Beech, TIME Magazine's China bureau chief, was denied a visa to attend the conference, exemplifying the political pressures foreign journalists are subject to. Last June, Ye Htut's office banned Beech's article on inter-religious violence in Burma, which featured notorious monk Wirathu on the cover, proclaiming him to be the "Face of Buddhist Terror" and describing his "religious chauvinism." On Sunday, Ye Htut stated that Beech's presence at the conference "could bring undesirable consequences on the event and to her," and therefore she would not be issued a journalist visa. The Ministry of Information stated that Time journalists would be welcome to apply for journalist visas at "appropriate" times in the future. While the government has become much more accessible to journalists over the past two years, Ye Htut claimed the ministries still have a long way to go. "They don't clearly understand the concept of the right to information. There has to be trust between the government officials and journalists," he said. Hundreds of new media outlets have sprung up across Burma over the past few years, and Ye Htut urged them to improve their reporting standards. "I appreciate that while some of the media agencies are young and lack adequate resources… the quality of the news and ethical standards are questioned by many people," he said. "Most entry-level journalists do not have training in basic journalism." Ye Htut emphasised the fluid nature of Burma's media landscape, and underscored the fact that nothing is set in stone yet. "There are some people who doubt our media reforms and Myanmar's reform agenda as a whole," he said. "Yes, over the last few years, we made some mistakes. We are not perfect. We still have challenges to overcome. But we have a clear vision of a new Myanmar [Burma]. We have a reform strategy. And most importantly, we have the political will to implement it."

Suu Kyi and Yeoh launch health and education foundation Posted: 10 Mar 2014 12:24 AM PDT Burma's opposition leader, Aung San Suu Kyi, launched the Suu Foundation on Sunday, together with Malaysian actress Michelle Yeoh. Suu Foundation is a non-profit initiative of Suu Kyi, aimed at improving health care and education in Burma. Among its board members are Yeoh, former U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, and former first lady Laura Bush. “As a member of the board of the Suu Foundation, I am incredibly proud and honoured to join with Daw Suu as she begins the next chapter of her life and continues to improve the lives of her fellow citizens. The focus of the Suu Foundation will be the simplest but most fundamental things — health care and education,” Yeoh said. Yeoh was deported from Burma in 2011 after she played role of Suu Kyi  in “The Lady,” a film by Luc Besson that chronicles the pro-democracy leader’s experience under house arrest, separated from her husband and sons who were prohibited from visiting the country. Related Stories Government snubs National Network for Education Reform DVB Debate: Youth Voice special Their hands, our future The foundation aims to revive the University of Rangoon, which was once one of the top schools in Southeast Asia. The initiative will also seek out investment to rebuild Rangoon General Hospital, which is in need of funding, training and adequate equipment. Mobile libraries are being set up throughout the country. Suu Kyi launched her foundation a day ahead of the 2014 East-West International Media Conference to be held in Rangoon, where hundreds of local and international delegates will gather for three days to discuss the challenges of a free press. “Many people have talked about the amazing changes that have taken place in this country. And I would like to say quite frankly that these changes have been not all that great and not all that amazing. But, but, there is one thing that none of us can deny — there is greater freedom of the press,” Suu Kyi said, addressing journalists. Burma's presidential spokesperson and Deputy Minister of Information, Ye Htut, will speak on the country's media reforms at the conference, where more than 300 journalists from 25 countries will take part. The quasi-civilian government that took over from the military junta in 2011 has implemented sweeping economic and political reforms, giving more freedom to the media including those who lived in exile. Recently, however, the government has tightened access for international media. It is widely believed that this was in response to critical coverage of an alleged massacre of Rohingya Muslims in mid-January, which the government denies.

Monasteries in Naypyidaw sued for illegal land use Posted: 09 Mar 2014 10:19 PM PDT More than 20 monasteries have been sued by Naypyidaw Council Ministry of Religious Affairs for refusing to relocate after property was deemed forest land by authorities. Min Thu, lower house MP, said charging monks and removing monasteries is unfair, and proposed that, "there should be a solution by negotiation, rather than putting monks in jails." Union Parliament Speaker Shwe Mann said that cartographic demarcations aren't always realistic; many people in in Burma — both within the Sangha and the civilian population — simply do not have sufficient records of land ownership. "The requirement of ‘strong documentation’ is very controversial. Farmers will not have strong documents because in the past there was no regulation to get them," he said. Sayadaw Aindra from Nyaung Hnitpin Monastery, which was removed, said they will continue to dispute the government's charges that they are illegally occupying land. "We have records of donations made to us. We built the monastery in line with the rules and regulations of the monk council. We didn’t intrude on forest land or farm land. We didn’t cross the lines of the monk council," he said. Of the 37 monasteries that had been built in the Naypyidaw Council's jurisdiction, 13 were removed and more than 20 are now facing legal action for contesting the order vacate. Related Stories Census convention kicks off in Naypyidaw Speaker urges laws to protect Burma's national race, religion Latpadaung monastery to be moved, despite public outcry

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Democratic Voice of Burma

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Arakan alliance Posted: 08 Mar 2014 07:48 PM PST On 6 March, the Union Election Commission announced that two Arakanese parties – the Rakhine Nationalities Development Party (RNDP) and the Arakan League for Democracy (ALD) – had been dissolved and a new combined party had been approved registration: the Arakan National Party. DVB interviewed Khine Pyi Soe, the secretary of the former RNDP on the structure, power-sharing agreement and political aims of the newly merged party.   Q: What is the executive structure of the new Arakan National Party? A: I think the policies are more important than the structure of the party. Firstly, we drafted a constitution based on the policies of the ALD and RNDP. The structure of the party is as before. We have four levels: Central Executive Committee, Central Committee, township-level committees and village and quarter-level committees. The village and quarter-level committees elect township committees, township-level committees elect the Central Committee and the Central Committee will elect the CEC. We haven’t decided the number of chairpersons and secretaries yet. As of now, we have agreed to have a Central Executive Committee comprising 30 members; 15 each from either party. For the Central Committee, there will be 45 from each party. From those 90 members we have appointed 30 as a temporary CEC, meaning we will have a party conference within seven months at which we will make further steps. So, the current structure is temporary.   Q: How will you share leadership of the new party? A: We are not using a power-sharing system. The leadership will be selected at the conference. Currently, we have chosen ALD's U Aye Thar Aung as leader with U Aye Maung from RNDP as deputy-leader. Our next move is to elect a chairman and secretary from the 90 Central Committee members.   Q: What are the political aims of the party? A: The main aim is federalism; another is toward democratization, and the third is development of Arakan State.   Q: Is the merger of the parties in preparation for 2015 elections? A: It is not only about the 2015 elections. The merger of the RNDP and ALD is a response to the needs of the Arakan people. 2015 is just a timeframe. The people of Arakan State see that there should be unity among Arakanese people to solve the problems and conflicts in Arakan State. We are trying to fulfill the will of Arakanese people.   Q: What is your party policy toward the Rohingya/ Bengali community? A: Our party policy is that we don’t accept the Bengalis nor do we recognise the name 'Rohingya'. We support the 1980 and 1983 laws. This is in fact the policy of our RNDP. The ALD will also need to accept this policy because it is the will of all Arakanese people.

Implementing Rule of Law requires shift in Burmese mindset Posted: 08 Mar 2014 06:59 PM PST Burmese communities have recently paid attention to the media's widely reported discussion between the nationalist Buddhist monk Wirathu and the National League for Democracy (NLD) co-founder Win Tin. According to video footage reported on DVB on 24 February, Win Tin was discussing his party's efforts to amend the military-drafted 2008 Constitution, specifically clause Article 59(f) which prohibits his party chairwoman, Aung San Su Kyi, from competing in the presidential race in next year's elections. The controversial monk, who is leading a campaign to pass a law that will put restrictions on interfaith marriage, has recently spoken out about his wish to retain the clause. Wirathu offered this reason to Win Tin: "It [amending the clause] will ultimately allow those who are not ethnic nationalities to exploit the Burmese people who are simple and naïve. Our people are not ready for this kind of deceit — they don't have high enough intelligence." Though this short debate between Wirathu and Win Tin can hardly be representative of the general will of Burmese people, their thoughts revealed during this particular meeting reflect a noticeable perspective of Burmese society's mental culture in a nation that is currently striving to avert a moral dilemma between its long-term isolation and new freedom during the recent years of democratic reform. I would like to make some observations upon this mental culture and understand some of its important characteristics, which are deep-seated and also continue to grow vibrantly during the recent years of the nation's march towards its democratic goals. My primary concern is to question whether these attitudes are pertinent to the evolving democratic practices or if they become preposterous placements in our much anticipated and long-time awaited open society. Related Stories Race Protection Bill drafting commission to be formed Activist groups to register political prisoners past and present DVB Debate: Constitutional conundrum In offering my analysis, I will limit myself to the contents related to the general truths rather than criticizing people based on their particular beliefs. The scenario of the meeting between Wirathu and Win Tin is selected because their thoughts mirror the important perspective of the general mental culture. This deserves our consideration. My purpose is to discuss key problems in the prevailing attitudes in Burma so that people can finally make a rational decision instead of adhering to the perennial beliefs of the past. As reflected in the DVB article and observed in his interfaith restriction advocacy movements as well, people like Wirathu regard blood and heritage as prime reasons to change Burma's laws. The DVB article revealed another important little-known perspective of Wirathu: "Only a few people in Burmese society can philosophize". It is evident that advocacy movements of Wirathu for interfaith restriction laws and the non-amendment of the Constitution are mainly founded on his two beliefs that in Burmese society: (1) We must make the laws with our blood, or our heritage; and (2) only the "intellectuals" should decide what should be the laws. Win Tin's stance is unclear with regard to the first belief but he could have well agreed to his opponent's second belief that denotes that only the wise should choose what should be law. Win Tin's agreement with Wirathu's second belief is not without evidence. In the middle of last year, when Wirathu inaugurated his proposed law to target interfaith marriage, the veteran journalist was one of the very few to speak against it. However, instead of criticizing the discriminatory content of the monk's proposal, his critique was on the competence of the monk to judge what kind of laws should prevail in Burmese society. His past critique of the monk indicates that Win Tin is also likely to share a similar view of Wirathu to think that only the "competent" should decide the crucial issues of Burmese society. It is well known to the public that Win Tin and The Lady, Aung San Su Kyi, have different opinions on a number of political issues. The current example is not an exception. If it had been the NLD Chairlady instead of Win Tin at this meeting, she might have retorted differently to the monk's statement that "Our people don't have enough intelligence" because it was illustrative of Burmese mental culture that she regards as a long-term humiliation of people's dignity. The well-known work, Mental culture in Burmese crisis politics: Aung San Suu Kyi and the National League for Democracy by GustaafHoutman (1999) contains the opinion of Suu Kyi on this subject: "Hero-worship is a sure road to degradation and to eventual dictatorship, there is no room for hero-worship in a true political struggle made up of human beings grappling with human problems," she said. Since the earlier years of her struggle, Suu Kyi has been convinced that a true political struggle is made by the people and not by a small group of sacrosanct heroes. Since this time she has realized that Burmese mental culture is standing in opposition to her conviction. While Wirathu's statements are vicarious imaginations of class worship in this static mental culture, holding such intentions in public lawmaking processes will breach the fiduciary duty of respecting egalitarian principles. These intentions will lead to discriminatory lawmaking practices and are counter to the nation's democratic process. I will start with the second belief. If we would like to recruit only intelligent people to make laws, we need to ask by what criteria we will choose intelligent people. When we push this question to Win Tin and the NLD, they will probably choose an Oxford degree. To President Thein Sein and his ruling USDP party, they will choose the military. To Wirathu and his Race and Religion Protection Society, they will choose Burmese, Buddhist, or "our national heritage" and "protectors". With any of these choices, the discrimination and exclusion of other groups, especially underprivileged groups, are inescapable. Another important problem in adopting such a belief is that usually it is the authority that decides these criteria the treasure hunt for "wisdom" inevitably ends up in self-authentication of the already privileged classes. It is true that some authorities may probably set up the fairest selection standards.Nevertheless, we can never avoid procedural exclusion and discrimination against others who lose their eligibility outright just by preferable criteria of some decision-making body. Not only can we not rule out the impartiality of the selection process, but the idea that "only the intelligent people should make the laws" is a self-perpetrating statement. As laws are made for making people equal, then by only allowing the "superior" ones to make the laws, the lawmaking process will never be impartial. We will turn back to the first belief, which in essence shares the same connotation of partiality. This sounds more like "caste" because it is one's birth that decides who will make the laws. Such discriminatory intent of proclaiming we must make the laws with "our blood” or “our heritage” directly violates the egalitarian principle of the Rule of Law and is also not acceptable to the public lawmaking process. Allowing such discriminatory practices in lawmaking will divide the nation into friends and foes – those who are standing close to authority and those who are distant. Ultimately we develop a class system of the noble vthe unworthy. It has been broadly acknowledged that provision of the Rule of Law is a desperate need on Burma's path to reform. However, most discussions on this topic are focused on the integrity of the judicial system, checks and balances between the Parliament and the Administration, anti-corruption efforts, and education of the security forces. Too little attention has been paid to the importance of encouraging society's general mental culture towards impartiality, an attitude that must be widely developed in a democratic nation's lawmaking practices. As long as discriminatory attitudes in lawmaking practices persist, the country's human rights situation will be negatively affected. The United Nations has provided assistance to improve Burma's human rights situation by recruiting special rapporteurs to the country. Just a few days ago, Tomás Ojea Quintana's mission to Burma ended. The post-mortem analysis showed that special rapporteurs have their own emphasis on particular issues that fit with their background. For example, Quintana paid more attention to judicial procedures and the release of political prisoners while his predecessor, Pinheiro, focused more on the recruitment of child soldiers. No significant effort has been observed to openly review the general mental attitudes of lawmakers and duty-holders with regard to their respect for impartiality. As long as partial attitudes are legitimised and can be validly domineering in society's general mental culture, procedural reforms will become a mere façade or ultimately become retrogressive. We have completely lost our way in a daze by forgetting the need to change our mental culture in regard to our respect for the Rule of Law. This forgetfulness is fatal in a sense because it is the founding principle of the Rule of Law. Without addressing this critical issue, the reform efforts will simply become activism or rhetoric rather than bringing real major change to society. Over and above, a lack of attention and criticism of our partial mental attitudes seriously undermines the nation's current efforts for the reform processes that are underway. It will allow sentiments to override critical thinking and offer wrong justifications for continuous discriminatory practices. Widespread acknowledgement of impartiality with respect to the Rule of Law and a new paradigm shift in our mental culture – to respect all other our fellow human beings, even those beyond our national boundaries, as equals – are urgently needed for our nation's nascent road to democracy.   Dr Nyo Tun has worked as an international consultant for EU, USAID and Gates Foundation-funded study projects which analyse strategies for national and global health issues. Prior to his international consultant work, he led public health initiatives for providing health care to marginalized populations in various regions of Burma.  The views expressed in this article are the author's and do not reflect DVB editorial policy.

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Democratic Voice of Burma

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• Shan Chief Minister assures farmers on land issues
• Race Protection Bill drafting commission to be formed
• ABSDF 10th Conference begins in Mae Sot
• Telenor promises mobile coverage to 90% of Burmese

Shan Chief Minister assures farmers on land issues Posted: 07 Mar 2014 11:08 PM PST Shan State Chief Minister Sao Aung Myat said he believes all seized lands will be returned to farmers in his region before the end of the year. Speaking to DVB in an exclusive interview at his office on 5 March, Sao Aung Myat said, "There remain 74 cases for us to resolve in Shan State. We have already laid out plans for 60 of these cases whereby lands will be given back to farmers. In general, each township has five or six cases and the different township authorities are working with State-level and then Union-level counterparts. "I think that around September [2014], the farmers who are physically working on their fields and need to begin sowing crops will get back their lands. Then we will continue to work on the other cases." The Shan chief minister's timeline for the return of confiscated lands – many of which were seized by the military during the era of the previous junta – comes after Parliament had motioned that all seized lands are returned before September. He also acknowledged that many people are dissatisfied with the delays in administrative work at all levels since the Land Usage Administrative Committee was formed. Related Stories Pegu farmers injured in police crackdown Hunger strikers released from prison Families denied access to Myint Myint Aye, other hunger strikers Sai Win Myint, a member of the Central Executive Committee for Burma's main opposition party, the National League for Democracy (NLD), said he does not believe that the issues will be resolved before September as the Land Usage Administration Committee has still not been established in Shan State capital Kengtung. "I don’t think it is likely," he said. "The Land Usage Administrative Committee is just a term of speech in Parliament. In reality, it is invisible." He added that the Land Usage office is demanding that proof of land ownership is provided, but even though many villagers have worked on these lands for generations, they don’t have land deeds. "It is the companies that seized the lands who acquired land deeds and rights," he said. "The farmers have nothing." The NLD member cited a case of 500 acres seized in Kengtung in 1995-96, to which he said there has still been no response from the investigation commission. Nang Kwam Lake, a spokesperson for the exiled Shan Human Rights Foundation, said the land seizure problems cannot simply be resolved through compensation, but that issues such as environmental destruction, a lack of jobs, and security issues also need to be addressed.

Race Protection Bill drafting commission to be formed Posted: 07 Mar 2014 10:17 PM PST Burma's President Thein Sein announced on Friday that a commission is to be formed which will assume responsibility for drafting “Race Protection Bills”. Pe Than, an MP representing Arakan State's Myaypon Township, said, "I have been told that there will be new laws for population control and a monogamous marriage system. The President mentioned in his letter [to Parliament] that these laws will be drafted by the Supreme Court. For two other laws, there will be an appointed commission." As per a request by the Organisation for the Protection of Religion and Nationality, an influential group led by nationalist Buddhist monks, the new bills may include laws on changing faith; interfaith marriage; monogamy; and population control. However, Phoe Than Chaung, a spokesperson for the Burmese Communist Party, said the move to urgently approve these Race Protection Bills was nothing more than a "political stunt". Related Stories Burmese react to Fortify 'persecution' report Religious leaders sign ‘peace agreement’ Burmese Muslims at 'great risk' of genocide, warn activists "The current government, whenever they are facing difficulties, use religion," he said. "Lately, we see this more and more on racial and religious issues. They are cunning. Approving these laws is a political stunt aimed at gaining popularity and reputation among the Buddhist community. This is not being undertaken in a spirit of unity and mutual co-existence between different religions and races. Thein Sein said in Parliament last month that the move to draft such legislation was taken after a petition raised more than 1 million signatures. Many observers see the Race Protection bills as attempts to subjugate and control the Rohingya Muslim community in Arakan State where a series of bloody confrontations between Muslims and Buddhists has led to a rise in nationalism among Burmese Buddhists across the country.

ABSDF 10th Conference begins in Mae Sot Posted: 07 Mar 2014 09:23 PM PST The All Burma Students Democratic Front (ABSDF), which last year signed a ceasefire agreement with the Burmese government, began its 10th Conference on Friday at Dawn Taman camp in Karen State. Speaking to DVB on the sidelines of the meeting, ABSDF Chairman Comrade Than Khe said, "We will review the political situation as a whole, the situation of the people as a whole, and the international situation. Another matter is to formulate our future plans so that our political, military and diplomatic struggles are relevant to the current situations.” Forty-one representatives of the students' army are in attendance, and several overseas observers were also invited to the conference which will last until 13 March, during which time the ABSDF will also select its leadership team for the year ahead, said Comrade Than Khe. "I believe we need to continue our revolution to fulfill the will of the people in line with the evolving situation and renewed spirits," said the group's chairman. "I would like to urge the public and our allies to continue supporting our struggle.” The ABSDF was formed on 1 November 1988 by students and youths who escaped to Burma's border areas to avoid arrest and persecution following the military crackdown on a student-led uprising that summer. At its peak, the organisation had around 10,000 members. Related Stories ABSDF honours dead, reaffirms commitment to struggle The rebel voice of 88 returns Former rebel leader returns to Burma to mark 8888 anniversary

Telenor promises mobile coverage to 90% of Burmese Posted: 07 Mar 2014 07:56 PM PST Telenor Group, the major shareholder in Thailand’s Total Access Communication Plc (DTAC), is embarking on a US$1-billion investment to roll out its commercial second- and third-generation mobile service in Burma [Myanmar] this year. The Norwegian firm is strengthening its strong presence in Asia, its largest revenue source. Sigve Brekke, the head of Telenor Asia, said his company is spending $1 billion for the mobile licence and network expansion under a four-year plan. Related Stories BURMA BUSINESS WEEKLY: 1- 7 FEB Telecom investments threaten privacy rights in Burma DVB talks to CEO of Ooredoo Myanmar, Ross Cormack The company expects to launch commercial 2G and 3G service in Burma in the second half of this year, with a roll-out of cellular network coverage to 90 percent of the population within five years. “We expect to break even within four years,” Mr Brekke said. Burma has only 4-5 million mobile users out of a population of 61 million. Telenor and Qatari firm Ooredoo were the winners of 15-year mobile licences in a highly competitive tender. Mr Brekke said Burma presents a huge opportunity as an untapped market, but Thailand remains the most important market for Telenor, as DTAC contributes the largest revenue in Asia to the group. DTAC has outperformed the market with healthy growth in recent years, capturing 30 percent of the market last year, up from 29 percent in 2012. The mobile market was worth 250 billion baht (US$8 billion) last year. The company reported a 13 percent increase in full-year revenue to 89.5 billion baht last year thanks to the take-up of mobile data services, which led to a 49.2 percent increase in revenue from value-added services to 15.2 billion baht. But net profit declined by 4.5 percent to 11.3 billion baht due mainly to an increase in DTAC’s percentage of revenue-sharing payments from 25 percent to 30 percent under a build-transfer-operate concession agreement, plus weaker margins in DTAC’s handset business. DTAC had 27.9 million subscribers last year. Mr Brekke said Telenor is committed long-term investment in Thailand. “We are not holding back investment from Thailand even though the political situation remains uncertain,” he said. Telenor already provides mobile services in 13 countries including six in Asia, serving 150 million subscribers worldwide. To strengthen its presence in Thailand, Telenor yesterday launched the DTAC Accelerate venture capital fund worth 100 million baht. The fund aims to push Thai start-ups to go global as well as create new jobs and income locally, promote mobile internet and applications and develop the country’s growing mobile internet ecosystem. The fund is to invest in technology start-up firms worth from 500,000 to 1.5 million baht each. Mr Brekke said Telenor chose to set up the fund in Thailand because the country’s smartphone penetration is more than 50 percent and mobile internet use has extraordinary growth.   This article first appeared in the Bangkok Post on 8 March 2014.

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Shan Herald Agency for News

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To Hopeland and Back (Part VIII) Posted: 08 Mar 2014 03:45 AM PST Day Four (5 March 2014) Not a walk in the park Today the exile media that have returned to work on the home front report their challenges they have been facing. The panelists include: Nang Phaw Gay – Karen Information Center (KIC) Toe Zaw Latt – Democratic Voice of Burma (DVB) Theingi Tun – Mizzima News Than Lwin Tun – Voice of America (VOA) According to them, there are also benefits hitherto denied to them, since the peace process began with the invitation for peace talks by the President on 18 August 2011, such as: Freedom to collect first-hand information Access to more detailed information Better and more detailed reports for one's audience Printing and distribution of print publications inside the country Training of new journalists inside At the same time, difficulties have been voiced: State officials still reluctant to offer information Distributors still afraid to sell papers published by returnee media Reporters still face personal security concerns Divided workforce between border and home offices Divided funs between border and home offices Less number of readers of ethnic language inside than on the border Still unable to do TV and radio broadcasts inside For bigger media agencies like DVB and Mizzima, there are of course more problems: Necessity for more self reliance when it comes to fund raising Distrust by the government The need to train give more background information for new journalists Conflicts continuing in the country: state us society, state us ethnic resistance and communal Hostiles "As a result, the same people who used to be staunch supporters of our program are turning against us, although we haven't changed our basic media policies," said U Than Lwin Tun. The 2015 elections, the panelists believe, will decide the trend the country is going to take. The conference also discussed women's role and community radio programs. I spend the evening visiting my relatives, who have long since my departure in 1969 move to new homes in Taunggyi. "Are you not ready to return home yet?" one of them asks. "I'm getting ready," replies I. "I'm only waiting for the right time and place. And we are all working on it."

Burma Army forbids people to cross at Tar Hsarm Pu Posted: 08 Mar 2014 03:43 AM PST CHIANG MAI-March 7. Burma Army troops have partially withdrawn from Tar Hsarm Pu after seizing Shan State Army-North (SSA-N) outposts, but are forbidding villagers from using this strategic river crossing in central Shan State. The Burma Army troops had seized the outposts without fighting while leaders of the Shan State Progress Party, the political wing of SSA-N, were in Naypyitaw at the end of February. Despite the withdrawal from the SSA-N outposts at Tar Hsarm Pu, there remain two Burma Army camps, one in the east, 1 kilometer away, and one in the west 2 kilometers away from Tar Hsarm Pu, each comprised of 50 soldiers. After the partial withdrawal of the Burma Army, the SSA-N returned to its outposts. An SSPP officer said, "Since the Burma Army moved in around Tar Hsarm Pu, people have not been allowed to cross the river there. They have to travel on the road from Mong Jarng to Mong Su instead of Mong Jarng to Tar Hsarm Pu. It is very difficult for people to travel." Tar Hsarm Pu is a strategic crossing over the Pang River, where SSA-N collected tax from transport and mining. SSPP/SSA signed a ceasefire with Naypyitaw in January 2012. The SSPP/SSA has reportedly engaged in over 100 clashes with the Burma Army since the ceasefire.

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Democratic Voice of Burma

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• Police seize land, cut down toddy trees
• BURMA BUSINESS WEEKLY
• Irrawaddy farmers gain ground in land grab case
• Defamation case on hold: Thais urged to probe Rohingya smuggling
• Zarganar to take on Than Shwe through Hollywood
• Activist groups to register political prisoners past and present
• Mt Victoria, Indawgyi Lake nominated for UNESCO status

Police seize land, cut down toddy trees Posted: 07 Mar 2014 04:16 AM PST Police and local villagers were reportedly injured this morning in Sagaing Division's Yinmarbin Township, when police arrived with bulldozers to uproot toddy palm trees on 100 acres of confiscated land. The land has been designated as a building ground for the 28th Police Battalion, and villagers say no compensation has been disbursed. Residents of Ohntonbin village said around 200-300 policemen with three bulldozers began uprooting their toddy plantations on Thursday. Kyi Lay, a local villager, said four were arrested on Friday morning after a violent scuffle with the police. Both civilians and officers sustained injuries, she said. "Policemen showed up and started bulldozing our toddy plantations, so we went to stop them and they bashed us with batons," said Kyi Lay. "A lot of us were beat up and hurt by the police today." Kyi Lay said her 70 toddy trees were all bulldozed, uprooted from her two acres of land. Police pledged to compensate the villagers during negotiations in October 2013, but some villagers refused to take the proposed settlement. Construction began on plots where villagers accepted the offer, with Police saying that they would continue to work with the other landowners to reach an agreement, according to Myint Zaw, another villager. "But after repeatedly failing in the negotiations, they decided to come in and start bulldozing toddy tress," he said. Police in Yinmarbin were unavailable for comment. Related Stories Irrawaddy farmers gain ground in land grab case Lower House proposes softening Peaceful Assembly Law 50 arrested in raid on Moehti Moemi camp

BURMA BUSINESS WEEKLY Posted: 07 Mar 2014 03:51 AM PST   Ups and downs The Burmese currency gained again this week – buying at 970 kyat to the US dollar (981 last week) and selling at 980 kyat (from 983 last week). Gold rose minutely to 684,900 kyat per tical. Fuel prices remain: petrol 820 kyat, octane 950 kyat and diesel 920 kyat per litre. High-quality Pawhsanmwe rice is still selling at 1,200-1,300 kyat per basket while low-quality Emata rice remains at 850-900 kyat.   Burmese rice exports down by nearly a third Rice exports have dropped by 30 percent in the 2013-14 fiscal year, compared to the year before, Trade and Commerce Minister Win Myint announced on Wednesday. According to the Myanmar Rice Association, 1 million tons of rice has been exported in 2013-14, down from 1.4 million tons in 2012-13. The Association believes this is due to both a low yield and a decrease in demand from China. Burma was the world's largest rice exporter from 1961 to 1963. The Burmese financial year ends on 31 March.   Government to lift booze ban 7 Day Daily reported on 3 March that the Burmese Trade Ministry is in talks to lift a ban on the import of alcoholic drinks. Introduced in 1995, the ban was designed to protect local producers such as Myanmar Brewery, in which the military-linked Union of Myanmar Economic Holdings Ltd hold a 45 percent stake. Myanmar Brewery, Burma's biggest corporate taxpayer, enjoys an 83 percent market share. Lifting the import ban could stem endemic smuggling; last year hundreds of thousands of bottles of alcohol were confiscated in a crackdown ahead of the SEA games.   Indonesian firm cements deal in Burma Two state-owned Indonesian cement manufacturers are set to begin operations in Burma, the Jakarta Globe reported on Saturday. Semen Indonesia aims to secure the deal by April 2014, with ambitions of supplying concrete produced in Burma to neighbouring ASEAN countries. A concrete factory owned by Wijaya Karya is expected to be complete within a year, the report said.   Burma says 'gam bei!' to Asahi Asahi Group Holdings Ltd announced on Friday that it has agreed to establish a joint venture with Burmese beverage maker Loi Hein Co to produce and sell carbonated soft drinks, according to Japan's Jiji Press. Asahi will reportedly invest 2.3 billion yen (US$22 million) to acquire a 51 percent stake in the joint venture. Tokyo-based Asahi Breweries is best known as the manufacturer of Asahi beer. As of 2009, the company had a 40 percent share of the Japanese beer market.   MAI is independent, says transport minister Burma's national carrier, Myanmar Airways International, or MAI, was transformed into a financially independent corporation at the beginning of the 2013-14 fiscal year and no longer requires state funds, according to Transport Minister Nyan Tun Aung, addressing Parliament on 6 March upon submission of the Aviation Law. MAI currently operates daily flights to Bangkok, Singapore, Kuala Lumpur, Guangzhou, Gaya, Phnom Penh and Siem Reap, and last week announced a new route to Pusan in South Korea.   Rice storage scheme starts 15 March A rice storage scheme, which will allow farmers to stock surplus rice instead of selling it at low prices during the harvest season, will launch on 15 March, according to the Myanmar Rice Federation's general-secretary Ye Min Aung. Speaking at an MRF conference in Rangoon on 6 March, the official said that farmers who stock their rice under the scheme – which has UNFAO backing – will be issued insurance documents which can be mortgaged for bank loans.   Japan's Mizuho Bank ready for Rangoon Japanese Mizuho Bank is ready to open its Rangoon branch as soon as the government grants permission for foreign banking operations, the bank's Rangoon Chief Officer Tetsuro Nonaka said on Thursday. Nonaka said the bank will primarily focus on serving Japanese companies investing in Burma. With 80 branches in over 30 countries, Mizuho serves as advisor to the Japan International Cooperation Agency and the Thilawa Special Economic Zone Project, as well as a gas-fired power plant in Tharkayta.   US$2b real estate value on Burma's embassies abroad Real estate value for Burmese embassies and consulates in 40 cities worldwide amounts to an estimated two billion USD, said Deputy Foreign Affairs Minister Tint Lwin Oo in a 6 March parliamentary session, though he added that the value could be much higher. Of those, 18 plots of land are owned and 22 leased. The minister declined to answer a query by MP Aung Maung about Japanese consular land sold by the military regime after 1988.   10,000 Burmese companies evading taxes, says Ministry The Ministry of Finance's Internal Revenue Department (IRD) announced that over 10,000 companies have not paid their taxes since April 2012, neither have they had any contact with the department to request deferral. The IRD said they have a 20 March deadline to report inability to pay. The announcement did not specify which taxes were being evaded. According to a new Taxation Bill, currently awaiting parliamentary approval, the IRD looks to double its tax profits in the upcoming 2014-15 fiscal year to around 5 trillion kyat (US$5 billion) from 2.7 trillion (US$2.7 billion) the previous year. Related Stories US accuses Burma of continuing military ties to N Korea BURMA BUSINESS WEEKLY – 28 February 2014 ASEAN Rice Federation in the works

Irrawaddy farmers gain ground in land grab case Posted: 07 Mar 2014 02:11 AM PST Over 200 acres of land seized by the military was given back to villagers in a ceremony in Irrawaddy Division's Myanaung township on Thursday. Thirty-nine farmers, from Daungkya, Thayettaw, Shwegyin and Htu village-tracts were handed back land they used to own, along with papers cited them as the new owners. "The army's 551st Infantry Battalion is returning 206 acres of land in Daungkya, six acres in Shwepyithar, as well as around 336 acres of forest land and 56.5 acres of vacant land," said Myanaung township's administrator, Min Min Tun. He went on to say that any remaining land would be handed over to the township's Land Utility Department. Farmers, township officials, and regional parliament members attended the ceremony in Myanaung township. Related Stories Police seize land, cut down toddy trees ASEAN military chiefs plan Malacca Strait exercise 50 arrested in raid on Moehti Moemi camp In Myanaung township alone, over 2000 acres of land was taken by the military after 1988. Often villagers were forced to work the land for the army and their crops were taken as well. Although over 200 acres of land has been returned, 1600 acres of confiscated is still owned by the military in the area. For villager Khar Khin it was a day of mixed emotions. "The army forced us to provide one basket of beans per family and also labour. I went with my husband to do the labour and he passed away there," she said. "I am gratified but sad at the same time. But I'm happy to have the land returned." The issue of land confiscation is one of the largest problems facing Burma. In many cases, villagers have lost their livelihoods, have been forcibly relocated and have received no compensation. Protests have erupted all over the country and villagers are demanding the return of hundreds of thousands of acres of their land from the military, government, or private companies who are using it for investment projects. Last week four farmers were charged with trespassing and vandalism after staging a plough protest on their confiscated land. In 2012 the government enacted the Farm Land Law and the Vacant, Fallow and Virgin Land Law but both have proved to be inadequate at stopping continued land confiscation, and have even aided further land grabs.

Defamation case on hold: Thais urged to probe Rohingya smuggling Posted: 07 Mar 2014 02:03 AM PST The arraignment of two journalists based in southern Thailand has been postponed following pleas from rights advocates that charges be dropped. Alan Morison, founder and editor of Phuketwan online news, and staff reporter Chutima Sidasathian, still face potential charges of defamation and violation of Thailand's Computer Crimes Act for reporting on a Reuters feature that implicated Thai authorities in the smuggling of Rohingya Muslims from Burma. Morison confirmed that the Australian Embassy informed them on Friday morning that the 10 March hearing has been rescheduled for some time in April. Just before being alerted of the postponement, an international advocacy group, Human Rights Watch (HRW), publicly urged the Royal Thai government to abandon the case and instead investigate the Thai Navy, emphasising that journalists are being unfairly targeted while serious accusations against officials remain wholly overlooked. "Prosecutors should be investigating the poor treatment of Rohingya boatpeople instead of targeting journalists," read the public statement issued Friday morning. Thai authorities have not offered any further information about why the hearing was rescheduled, but Phil Robertson, Deputy Director for HRW Asia Division, told DVB on Friday afternoon that a combination of factors could have influenced the decision. Thai authorities, he said, probably did not expect the issue to garner so much attention; the case has even sparked demonstrations in Australia, Morison's country of origin. "We don't know why, exactly, the date was postponed," he said, "but buying time, in our view, is a good thing." Robertson explained that while the charges were being brought by the Royal Thai Navy, the decision to proceed to trial is "fortunately not up to them". HRW has urged caretaker Prime Minister Yingluck Shinawatra to take up the issue directly and completely drop the case. In its stead, HRW suggests, serious allegations against naval crimes should be independently investigated. Related Stories Slavery persists in Thai fishing industry: report BIMSTEC leaders convene in Burma MSF operations set to resume, but not in Arakan Morison and Sidasathian first presented themselves to the Phuket Police after a captain of the Royal Thai Navy accused them of defamation in December 2013, five months after Phuketwan published an article titled, "Thai Military profiting from trade in boatpeople, says special report". The article cited an investigative report claiming that Thai naval officers abetted a long-operational people-smuggling scheme for the sale and extortion of Rohingya Muslims, who in recent years have fled by the thousands to escape communal violence in Burma. The Rohingya have been described as among the world's most persecuted peoples by the UN and others. Last month the Burmese government was implicated in crimes against humanity for decades of targeted policies that deny Rohingya citizenship and limit their basic freedoms. While disputes between Burmese nationals and the stateless Muslim minority date back to the era of British colonialism, conflict has intensified since June 2012, when a succession of riots began that has to date left an estimated 200 dead and about 200,000 displaced, mostly Muslims. Earlier this week Thailand faced serious criticisms over the country's human trafficking record, which without a swift remedy could result in sanctions from the US, according to the Environmental Justice Foundation. Allegations of Thailand’s severe and endemic mistreatment of migrants is not limited to Burma’s Rohingya; migrants from various parts of Burma, Laos and Cambodia are routinely abused, the group said. While it's "good news" that Morison and Sidasathian are not immediately facing prison terms for their reporting, the issue of government accountability remains, said Robertson, reiterating HRW's position that an independent investigation should be carried out by relevant experts, and results made public. Robertson said that if the Thai government wishes to maintain a reputation as a democratic nation, they need to show that the Navy can be reigned in. To dismiss with a wave of the hand, he said, the findings of serious, "potentially Pulitzer-winning investigative journalism" would be "absolutely shameful".

Zarganar to take on Than Shwe through Hollywood Posted: 07 Mar 2014 01:10 AM PST Renowned Burmese comedian and vocal regime critic Zarganar is to be involved in discussions towards the making of a film about the life of Snr-Gen Than Shwe, Burma's infamous former military dictator, according to an interview he held with Burmese newspaper the Tomorrow News Journal. Oscar-winning Hollywood film director Steven Soderbergh has already been contacted to direct the movie, the report said. Zarganar is quoted saying he wants to take the role of assistant-director. The former political prisoner is due to travel to the United States in April to discuss the plan with Soderbergh who has previously directed hits such as Traffic, Ocean's Eleven, Erin Brockovich, and Sex, Lies and Videotape. The Burmese satirist said it should not be difficult to find an actor to play Than Shwe "as many people in Burma, perhaps unfortunately, bare his likeness". Outspoken and controversial, Zarganar was arrested in June 2008 for speaking to foreign media about the situation of millions of people left homeless after Cyclone Nargis devastated the Irrawaddy Delta. In November that year he was sentenced to 59 years in prison, but was released on 11 October 2011 in a presidential amnesty. * The original version of this story stated that the film would be based on a political biography written by journalist Benedict Rogers titled, Than Shwe: Unmasking Burma’s Tyrant. Mr Rogers has since informed DVB that he has no knowledge of such a plan and that he did not speak to Zarganar or anyone else about making such a film.  Related Stories Comedians enjoy new-found freedom Renowned 'Moustache Brother' Par Par Lay passes away Humour still weapon of protest in Burma

Activist groups to register political prisoners past and present Posted: 06 Mar 2014 10:47 PM PST In the month in which the Burmese national census is set to begin, another count is taking place. A list comprising every political prisoner arrested in Burma since the 1962 military takeover is being compiled by three NGOs – the Assistance Association for Political Prisoners-Burma (AAPP-B), Former Political Prisoners Society (FPPS) and the 88 Generation Peace and Open Society (88GPOS). Ye Aung, a member of the FPPS, said the list would take half a year to put together. The group began their task in January. Ye Aung told DVB that the NGOs would be compiling evidence to confirm that each entrant to the list had indeed been imprisoned for political activity. Related Stories US lauds Burma's improving human rights record Amending 59(f) will allow foreigners to exploit 'simple' Burmese, says Wirathu Cross-country march to protest Myitsone Kyaw Naing Oo is an activist collecting political prisoner profiles in Pegu Division. He said he has encountered many individuals who have been unwilling to recount their experiences — many due to trauma suffered in detention. For others unwilling to discuss their past, the fear of resurrecting the scrutiny of officials remains too great. "Some former political prisoners were not willing to give their information due to concerns from the families, wanting to leave those memories behind, saying it will lead to nothing. Some were worried that appearing on the list would bring them suffering again if things were turned around," said Kyaw Naing Oo. The three organisations say they have uncovered numerous cases of suffering. They say the majority of political prisoners tallied have been affected by poor health and many have found it difficult to find work. Faced with these hardships, a large number of former political prisoners cannot now support their families. Win Tin, patron of the National League for Democracy (NLD) and a former political prisoner, said that on completing the list, a major political force would be born in Burma. "All political prisoners have their own political history," he said. "Some may be NLD members, some may believe in political parties, and some may be from ethnic minorities – but nonetheless, bringing them together to some extent will help create a political force in the country which can provide a great deal of assistance for public interest works, the country's politics and achieving political goals."

Mt Victoria, Indawgyi Lake nominated for UNESCO status Posted: 06 Mar 2014 10:03 PM PST Mount Victoria in Chin State has been recommended as one of the two priority candidates to be nominated for UNESCO’s World Heritage List. The highest mountain in Burma’s western state, together with the Indawgyi Lake Wildlife Sanctuary in Kachin State, was chosen during the National Consultation Meeting organized by the Ministry of Environmental Conservation and Forestry and UNESCO in Naypyidaw late last month. In a statement released yesterday [5 March], Dr Nyi Nyi Kyaw, Director-General of the Forestry Department, said that Burma has several sites with high potential but none of them has received World Heritage status, adding: “The designation of World Heritage would provide opportunities for practicing the effective protection and management of these irreplaceable sites.” Related Stories ICRC office opens in Myitkyina Census begins in Burma's Kachin State Chin rebels supply rice for opium eradicators Standing at the height of 3,053 metres (10,016 ft) above sea level, the third highest mountain in Burma was named the 32nd ASEAN Heritage Park, and has been protected as one of the national parks in the country. Dr Tim Curtis, Chief of UNESCO Bangkok's Culture Unit, said: “World Heritage provides a framework for the highest level of international commitment to the protection of sites which are considered of Outstanding Universal Value. Myanmar is now taking an important step forward in protecting its natural heritage in accordance with World Heritage standards.” Mount Victoria, an "unspoiled" area and a natural habitat for several endemic bird species and home to over 800 plant species, is renowned for its extreme elevation gradient and great beauty, the statement added. Flanked by the two townships of Mindat and Kanpetlet in southern Chin State, Mt. Victoria is locally called by names with some slight variations in spelling including Khonumsung and Khonumtung, both describing the same meaning as a great mountain. Local communities have expressed disapproval over the use of "Nat-Ma-Taung", a distorted translation into Burmese, saying that its original name should be used. The two sites, selected from among the seven recently proposed for Burma’s World Heritage Tentative List, will now be put forward for future World Heritage listing.   This article was first published in Chinland Guardian on 6 March 2014.

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