Monday, December 22, 2014

Democratic Voice of Burma

Democratic Voice of Burma


SNLD chairman: ‘Only policy makers should be at peace talks’

Posted: 22 Dec 2014 03:37 AM PST

The chairman of the Shan Nationalities League for Democracy (SNLD), Khun Tun Oo, stressed that only those who carry decision-making powers should engage in peace talks. His comment came in his opening speech at the first United Nationalities Alliance (UNA) conference on 22 December.

The Shan leader was referring to the ongoing peace talks between the Myanmar Peace Centre (MPC) and ethnic armed groups which have continued for the past three years. He said, "The MPC's sole mandate is to talk, but it has no decision-making power whatsoever, and this causes an issue when a party engaged in a bilateral discussion cannot deliver answers.

"Realistically, the talks should include both the Tatmadaw [Burmese army], the MPC and ethnic armed groups, but at the moment we have one group talking to us and another group making decisions. [If it continues] this way, we won’t be able to achieve peace for another 100 years.

"We believe that decision-makers should join the talks in order to reach conclusions; the formula for the talks must change."

Khun Tun Oo added that the MPC's recent promise to the armed groups – to expand the talks into the Burmese parliament – was not plausible.

"It is unrealistic that a decision has to be made in the parliament where the discussion didn't take place. I see that if the procedures continue like this – with the [government] beating around the bush when they are aware of the issue – we will never find a way to peace."

The conference, planned in Rangoon from 22 – 24 December, is joined by representatives from all eight UNA member parties including the SNLD.

Aye Thar Aung, a member of the UNA, said the conference aims to discuss finding solutions to Burma's political problems and bring about internal peace.

The UNA consists of eight ethnic parties that competed and won seats in the 1990 elections.

 

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Riot police open fire on Latpadaung protestors

Posted: 22 Dec 2014 03:10 AM PST

A 50-year-old local woman was killed and at least four other villagers seriously wounded after protestors clashed with riot police near the site of Latpadaung copper mine in Sagaing Division on Monday afternoon.

A resident from Sete village, situated inside the mining project site, said Myanmar Wanbao company staff arrived with police security on Monday morning to lay fences across land plots that villagers have refused to give up [by not accepting compensation].

"The police stood in a line, armed with riot shields, and warned the villagers they would be shot if they did not move," said the Sete villager. "The protestors tried to block them from entering the plots and refused to give in.

"The police killed a woman named Khin Win from Mogyopyin village. She was shot in the head," he said.

DVB has learnt that protestors had launched stones from slingshots at the police and that the security forces had responded in kind before shots were fired.

Khin San Hlaing, a union parliament MP from nearby Pale Township, said she was informed by locals that Khin Win was shot dead by police.

"I was told by the villagers that Daw Khin Win was shot in the head when the police opened fire. The photos we received showed a bullet wound entering her forehead and exiting through the back of her head," she told DVB by telephone at 3:30pm local time.

"Her body was still lying in the sesame field and no one had the courage to go pick it up," the MP added. "We were also informed that another villager, U Hmine, from Mogyopyin village was shot in the thigh and was bleeding out. But he was yet to be taken to hospital."

She added that a third villager, a woman named Ma Kyu, was injured in the eye.

Pho La Pyae, a resident from Mogyopyin village, said around 200 farmers from Myogyopyin, Sete and Tonywa villagers had confronted the police that morning and prevented them from coming onto their land. He said that 20 people were injured by police gunfire.

So far, no government official, police spokesperson or representative of Myanmar Wanbao has made an official statement.

Zaw Myo Nyunt, the administrator of nearby Yinmarbin village, told DVB by phone about an hour after the incident that he was unaware of any violence.

A DVB reporter at the scene said the protestors were dispersed from the area at around 4pm, whereby mining staff resumed erecting fences around the 1,000 acres of land in question.

The incident follows an official press release on 22 December by Myanmar Wanbao, a joint venture between military-backed Union of Myanmar Economic Holdings and China's Wanbao Company. The company stated that it would soon commence work on an extended area of land allotted by the Burmese government for use in the copper mine project.

"Myanmar Wanbao Mining Copper Limited is pleased to announce that, under the direction of the Myanmar Government, the company will be extending its working area in the Letpadaung copper project to comply with requirements of its investment permit granted by the Myanmar Investment Commission. Construction is proceeding as a result of broad community support for the project."

In addition to claiming that the project has the overwhelming backing of the local people, the firm went on to detail the amount it is has paid to villagers as compensation for assuming their land, and said that it has donated much money into the local community, as well as creating jobs and investing in local infrastructure.

Hundreds of local villagers and their supporters have been protesting the Latpadaung copper mine since its inception more than 10 years ago. Many have been displaced to make way for the project which was originally contracted to a Canadian firm, Ivanhoe Mines.

The controversial mine was temporarily suspended when activists and monks staged a mass sit-in protest in 2012. The protest was broken up brutally by riot police on 29 November that year when some 80 protestors were injured, including several Buddhist monks, many with horrific burns that experts have attributed to white phosphorous bombs.

A subsequent investigation headed by opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi failed to pronounce anyone guilty for the violent crackdown, and to many villagers' dismay, recommended to the government that the project be resumed.

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Red Cross launches safety apps in Burma

Posted: 22 Dec 2014 12:27 AM PST

The Myanmar National Red Cross Society has released two mobile phone apps in Burmese which provide natural-disaster warnings and step-by-step instructions for administering first-aid.

The mobile apps – First Aid App and Multi Hazard App – are available to download free of charge on Google Play Store for android mobile phones and tablets, the Burma Red Cross announced at its workshop on Saturday.

"In case of medical emergency, mobile users through the First Aid App can find step-by-step first aid instructions for relevant emergencies, which can greatly ensure the survival of a patient and prevent loss of life due to lack of first-aid knowledge," said Shwe Zin Myint, director general of the Myanmar National Red Cross Society.

She said the Multi Hazard App will provide users tips about safety and preparations for natural disasters such as floods, storms and earthquakes, and that in the future it will also provide warnings for oncoming disasters.

The apps were developed with assistance from the American Red Cross and released on 27 September.

The Myanmar National Red Cross Society was formed in 1937.

 

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Activists charged for staging unauthorised protest

Posted: 22 Dec 2014 12:14 AM PST

Four activists, including prominent 88 Generation Peace and Open Society leader Ko Ko Gyi, are facing charges after protesting a planned construction project at a sport ground in Rangoon's South Okkalapa Township on Saturday morning.

The group, which included Ko Ko Gyi, Saw Naing, Myo Khine (also known as Mone Khet), Naing Ko Lin and Aung Maung (also known as Sitt Maung), were charged by the township's administrator Myo Aung  for staging a rally  in an area that had not been approved by the authorities.

"We do respect the law, but their law is inconsistent," said Myo Khin, a former political prisoner.

"The former mayor of Rangoon, Aung Thein Lin, approved the Yan Naing Company's construction project and we cannot accept it. We see it as an irresponsible and dishonourable move – legal robbery – and the incumbent Mayor Myint Swe has a responsibility to answer for this."

He said the protest organisers sought permission from local authorities in advance which was granted at designated spots at the Kyaikkasan grounds in Tamwe Township, but not in South Okkalapa where they had intended to hold the protest.

The issue with the construction in South Okkalapa has courted controversy for over a year. When Rangoon city officials allowed private developers to build on formerly public land in 2013, it was met with protests led by an upper house MP and former political prisoners, which caused the project to be halted. The activists said they decided to stage another protest on Saturday after finding out construction had recently been resumed.

On the morning on 21 December the protestors followed their original route in South Okkalapa – instead of the designated route through Kyaikkasan – and rallied from the sport grounds to the local municipal office. They were subsequently charged under the under Article 19 of the Peaceful Assembly and Peaceful Procession Law by the township administrator for violating articles of the law and “local rules”, for which they face up to three months in prison and 10,000 kyat (US$10) fine.

Another protester who was charged, Saw Naing, said: "We requested permission to rally in South Okkalapa but they designated us to Kyaikkasan Township, which is completely irrelevant to our cause.

"We insisted on sticking to our planned route and so we are now being charged."

 

 

 

 

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10,000 athletes warm up for Burmese championships

Posted: 21 Dec 2014 07:28 PM PST

More than 10,000 athletes from across the country will compete in Burma's National Track and Field Championships in Naypyidaw from 9- 24 January.

Ministry of Sports director and spokesperson Htay Aung said the athletics meeting is a chance for Burma's track and field stars to win places in the national team for the Southeast Asian (SEA) Games, which will be held in Singapore in June 2015.

"We already have chosen several experienced athletes to compete in 28th SEA Games," he said. "But a new generation of athletes can use this event in Naypyidaw to qualify for Singapore. If they win, they should be selected to join the national training camp ahead of the games."

Next month's National Track and Field Championships will see the athletes representing their respective states and divisions, said Htay Aung.

Much criticism has been levied on Burma's athletics federation for spending so much money on previous events but failing to invest in athletes. Consequently, many observers say, few Burmese track and field stars have prevailed at an international level.

Speaking to DVB this weekend, veteran sports commentator Khin Maung Htwe said, "I think these national championships are being held too early. The athletes should be competing at state level in preparation for national qualification closer to the time of the SEA Games.

"Burma should concentrate funding and training on sports such as track and field, swimming and weightlifting – areas where Burma is weak," he added.

January's games will be the fourth time a national championship has been held in Burma, officially known as Myanmar. Previous events were held in 1992, 1994 and 1997.

 

 

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Burma’s rice exports, production up in 2014: FAO

Posted: 21 Dec 2014 06:36 PM PST

Despite a global drop in rice production in 2014, Burma increased cultivation and profits from export, according to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).

In its December World Rice Watch Report, FAO reported that rice production in Burma had been estimated at 28.9 million tons for 2014 by the government, an increase from 28.3 million tons the year before, and up more than a million tons on 2012.

FAO estimated that Burma's profits from exporting rice had also increased.

Thailand is due to reclaim its status as the world's leading exporter of rice this year. It had lost out in recent years to India and Vietnam after a rice paddy pledging scheme for Thai farmers had failed, FAO said.

DVB reported in August that Burma's rice exports were up 41 percent on the year before for the period between 1 April and 15 August 2014. A Commerce Ministry official was quoted saying that some 530,000 tons of rice was exported during that period, at a value of around US$196 million.

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National News

National News


Air Mandalay suspends services after failing to secure leased planes

Posted: 22 Dec 2014 01:40 AM PST

Domestic carrier Air Mandalay has temporarily halted flights until at least the end of January, managing director U Aung Soe Lin has confirmed, just months after it signed a leasing agreement with US manufacturer Boeing.

CCTV switched on at 10 traffic junctions

Posted: 21 Dec 2014 09:05 PM PST

Hopes of relief from Yangon's stifling traffic congestion were raised last week as 10 new high-tech traffic light systems came into use at major intersections.

More criticism for UEC boss after coup comments

Posted: 21 Dec 2014 08:55 PM PST

Political observers have raised fresh questions about the impartiality of Union Election Commission chief U Tin Aye following his comments that instability in 2015 could lead to a military coup.

Business leaders enter crowded field for municipal poll

Posted: 21 Dec 2014 08:46 PM PST

Are you insane? That's what U Htay Aung's family members asked when he told them he planned to run for a position on Yangon City Development Committee.

Election commission races to be ready by Dec 27

Posted: 21 Dec 2014 08:45 PM PST

Speeding up final preparations in the countdown toward Yangon city elections, YCDC officials have launched a "train the trainers" operation to explain voting procedures.

Millions to miss out on YCDC vote

Posted: 21 Dec 2014 08:39 PM PST

Barely 7.5 percent of residents will vote, with more than half of households failing to meet the strict eligibility requirements.

Skaters descend on Mandalay for comp

Posted: 21 Dec 2014 08:32 PM PST

Skaters from all over the country will be converging on Mandalay this week to take part in Myanmar's first skating competition.

US ploughs aid money into supporting 2015 election

Posted: 21 Dec 2014 08:09 PM PST

The United States will provide further support to both the Union Election Commission and civil society groups in an effort to ensure next year's election is "transparent and credible", a senior US Agency for International Development official said last week.

Riders staging accidents to extort money

Posted: 21 Dec 2014 08:06 PM PST

Fraudsters who prey on women drivers in the streets of Mandalay are staging fake road accidents to demand compensation.

Elephant GPS collars aim to decrease clashes with humans

Posted: 21 Dec 2014 08:00 PM PST

Elephants near Yangon are to be fitted with GPS collars to help conservationists track their movements and help avoid clashes with humans.

Shan Herald Agency for News

Shan Herald Agency for News


BURMA PEACE PROCESS: Will TAT negotiation talks thrash out NCA differences?

Posted: 22 Dec 2014 04:43 AM PST

On Monday, a two day Technical Assistance Team (TAT) from both the Nationwide Ceasefire Coordination Team (NCCT) and Union Peace-making Work Committee (UPWC) will thrash out the details on Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement (NCA), according to the non-Burman ethnic sources, although the government side is keen to hold the seventh official session of ceasefire negotiations. It is not clear on how the meeting will be structured, but nevertheless the two day discussion will take place in Rangoon or Yangon.

Reportedly, SHAN on 18 December wrote that 5 NCCT members will include Padoh Kwe Htoo Win, Deputy leader, Karen National Union (KNU), Hkun Okker Member, Pao National Liberation Organization (PNLO), Khu Taw Reh, Member, Karenni National Progressive Party KNPP, U Twan Zaw, Member, Arakan National Council (ANC), Dr Lian Hmung Sakhong, Member, Chin National Front (CNF).

The 4 members TAT are Col La Awng, Kachin Independence Organization (KIO), Col Sinwa (KIO), Ja Nan (Peace Foundation, also known as Shalom) and Ta Do Mo (KNU).

Prior to the meeting, the NCCT has tabled a five point proposal, which includes:
1. Constructive response to Laiza incident
2. Measures and guarantee that such incident is not repeated
3. Increased security for Ethnic Armed Organizations (EAOs) delegations
4. Peace Donor Support Group (PDSG) involvement, in addition to UN and China to observe the peace talks
5. Response to NCCT suggestions to 4th NCA draft

The first three points are aimed to remedy the deteriorating aftermath situation of Cadet School shelling at Laiza, KIO headquarters, killing 23 resistance cadet trainees and wounding some 20 or more, apart from asking for more security for the EAOs leadership. The points also show that trust is at its lowest ebb and just continuing the talks for the sake of keeping the peace process alive.

The fourth point demand is to involve more third parties, observers to guarantee that the agreed terms would be honored and not going back on or reject the already accepted issues, as was the case of last September meeting. The UPWC has reportedly rejected the agreed terms of "federalism and federal army" issues of August, to be tackled at the political phase discussion, which were torpedoed during the September peace talks.

The fifth point explicitly underlined and documented by SHAN in its report, on 5 November, the core sticking points or issues relating to peace talks are as follows:
1. Discussion on Federal army formation
2. Signing of NCA by EAOs members as proposed by NCCT
3. Formation of Joint Ceasefire Monitoring Committee at different levels and Joint Union Peace Dialogue Committee
4. Interpretation of the term "Ceasefire Zones". The NCCT argues after the NCA is signed, all territories in the Union become ceasefire zones. UPWC position is not clear.
5. UPWC proposed removal of Interim Arrangements and Code of Conduct, which NCCT counter proposes that a new team be formed to negotiate them
6. The UPWC proposal that the EAOs don't expand their forces and recruit new members (The NCCT has counter proposed that the EAOs will discuss and implement reduction of recruits instead)
7. The NCCT proposal that apart from the UN Secretary General, representatives from other countries such as India, China, Japan, Asean, US and UK be witness signatories and that they are allowed to play significant roles such as being observers to the Joint Ceasefire Monitoring Committee)
8. Further details on repositioning of troops
9. The NCA should be submitted to the Union Assembly instead of "should be ratified by the Union Assembly"
10. Implementation of the DDR (Disarmament, Demobilization and Re-integration) before political dialogue begins instead of after political settlement has been reached as agreed
11. The President and the Commander-in-Chief will be witnesses at the NCA signing ceremony instead of being signatories as agreed earlier (The MPC says the change was prompted by the growing military distrust of the NCCT following the Congress of the United Nationalities Federal Council which announced its takeover of the negotiation team on 2 September)

According to the Eleven Media Group report, on 20 December, Col Khun Okker said, "The work negotiation event is official. However, it is not a big event. We need some preparations before we hold the big event. Only when we can agree on a draft can we hold an official ceasefire negotiation meeting. Otherwise, we should hold work negotiation meetings frequently."

"Ongoing political and armed conflict conditions obstruct the ceasefire negotiations. Likewise, the cancellation of agreements, including in the draft created in the previous official session of ceasefire negotiations, also leads to delays in enacting a ceasefire," said Khun Okker.

"We want to conclude the ceasefire meetings so that we can move on to political talks," Khun Okker said.

Given such a backdrop, it is clear that the recent meeting will just be to keep the ball rolling, even if it is moving at a snail pace and not in anyway design to reach ground-breaking agreement.

In sum, the first step of reaching NCA is a formidable hurdle which cannot be overcome with the same, decades-old military mindset, projected and designed for a negotiated surrender of the EAOs. In other words, political guarantee in form of equitable power-sharing and earnest ceasefire deal that address the future, continued sustenance of the EAOs, either by absorption into an agreed, future, federal army formation, or at least, deployment as police forces in the EAOs concerned states have to be met.

Last but not least, if the ongoing armed ethnic conflict is to be defused, political, economical and social inequalities would have to be acknowledged, addressed and corrected.

The contributor is ex-General Secretary of the dormant Shan Democratic Union (SDU) — Editor


Thai-Burma Studies in Asean Community

Posted: 22 Dec 2014 04:36 AM PST

Day One. Thurday, 18 December 2014.  The town of Kham Kai Noi's blood brother

Phisanulok is only 337.5 km (210 miles) from Chiangmai where I work. But, apart from passing through on the way to and back from Bangkok, I haven't been there before until today.




It is also known as Song Khwe (Two Tributaries) where the Nan and Khwe Noi meet. Which is a name familiar to all peoples of the Tai family that includes  Thai, Lao and Shan, among others. Even in Thailand there is another town up in Phayao which bears the same name. Up in Shan State, it is a small town in Hsipaw township, some 45 miles (72 km) south of the township seat, though the pronunciation is Je, also spelt Kye, there. Further north, it becomes Khe instead.

We start out at 07:00, and it is a 4 ½ hour drive plus time spent to have breakfast on the way. Naturally, we are not in time for the opening ceremony, which is presided over by H.E. Pisanu Suwannachot, the Thai ambassador to Myanmar plus a presentation on the Asean East-West, North-South Economic Corridors. But fortunately we have been informed all the presentations will be published by the organizers next month.

The journey is downhill all the way: Lampang, Denchai and Uttaradit before reaching our destination, from 1,000 meters above sea level to 45 meters above sea level. But our driver is good and we arrive there at noon all in 5 pieces (because our party has 5 members).

The first thing we do of course is checking in at the hotel, with an interesting name: Boonmee Heritage. Then we are off to the University of Naresuan, named in honor of the King of Ayutthaya (1590-1605) who was born here.

He is known to Shans as Prince of Hsenwi Kham Kai Noi's blood brother. The two had been hostages at Pegu during the reign of Bayinnaung (1551-1581). And after Naresuan had liberated Ayutthaya from under Burma's rule, he together with Kham Kai Noi marched northward to the Shan States thereby bringing them under his suzerainty. That was until his sudden death in 1605 after which it was reverted to the Burmese king of Ava.

The seminar is held at the Ekathosarot Building, named after Naresuan's younger brother and successor (1605-1610), who, according to D.G.E Hall, was "unwarlike and so the Siamese effort in the Shan States was abandoned and Burma recovered them."

There I met old friends like Somrit Luechai of Channel 3, Chairat Thomya who is now working at Thai Rath (moving from Thai PBS) and Supatra Bhumiprapas who had just published "The King in Exile" about King Thibaw.

We then attend two panels, one on "Monks and Politics" and the other on "Control of transborder diseases".

Renowned Bhikkhuni Dhammananda talks about recent restrictions on the ordination of bhikkhunis (female monks) in the kingdom. I must admit here that I understand very little about the monastic law laid down by the Lord Buddha 2,600 years ago, and so am unable to follow much. But I'm certainly of the opinion that women do deserve a place in the sun.

Another is an interesting remark made by facilitator Somrit Luechai after listening to the panelists:
In Burma, monks are closer to the people
InThailand, to the rulers
Most likely an oversimplification but something to dig deeper into nevertheless.

The next one, on the control of transborder diseases, is spearheaded by Dr Witthaya Sawasdiwuthiphong from Maesot. He urges the government to spend more on prevention of diseases coming across the border because "It will cost us a hundred times more to remedy them." He also warns the risks are higher as the Asean Economic Community (AEC) is to be launched by the end of 2015, when transnational movements are expected to be on a massive scale.

We decide to leave for the hotel at 17:30 although there is an invitation to join the dinner party with an entertainment of multi-ethnic dances. "I need to prepare for tomorrow," I inform my hosts. "Because I rarely speak in Thai in public. I don't want to embarrass myself groping for words when the time comes."

Left alone in the room as my colleagues go out to buy their dinner (I don't eat in the evening) I start working out my presentation for tomorrow, consulting the English-Thai dictionary now and then.

Then inevitably it is time to hit the sack, after deciding I can't do any better to improve my Thai.

However, even as I'm on the verge of sleep, something is nagging me, telling me there is something amiss. That something seems to be very much out of place.

Sunday, December 21, 2014

National News

National News


Gaya tour operators seek VOA expansion

Posted: 19 Dec 2014 04:13 AM PST

A recently introduced electronic visa on arrival for visitors to India will have only a limited impact for Myanmar travellers until the service is made available at Gaya airport, the gateway to the Bodhgaya pilgrimage site, tour operators say. 

Mandalay judiciary protest fizzles

Posted: 19 Dec 2014 03:55 AM PST

Political groups based in Mandalay staged a protest against judicial bias last week but failed to attract anywhere near the 100 demonstrators they had expected.

VGastro bar accused go on trial

Posted: 19 Dec 2014 03:37 AM PST

Bahan Township Court on December 18 began the trial of a bar manager from New Zealand accused of insulting religion by using an image of the Buddha to promote a cheap drinks night.

Low-cost homes planned for evicted river families

Posted: 19 Dec 2014 03:29 AM PST

Families evicted by municipal authorities in Mandalay for the visit of Norwegian royals could soon be offered cheap apartments in an apparent effort by Mandalay City Development Committee to make amends for the public relations disaster.

Saturday, December 20, 2014

The Irrawaddy Magazine

The Irrawaddy Magazine


The Shape of Things to Come

Posted: 19 Dec 2014 04:30 PM PST

Young people from Asean gathered to hear US President Barack Obama deliver a message of encouragement at a town hall-style meeting in Rangoon on Nov. 14, 2014. (Photo: Steve Tickner / The Irrawaddy)

Young people from Asean gathered to hear US President Barack Obama deliver a message of encouragement at a town hall-style meeting in Rangoon on Nov. 14, 2014. (Photo: Steve Tickner / The Irrawaddy)

RANGOON — The legacy of 2014 will shape the year ahead. After many ups and downs—more downs than ups—this year, it appears likely that many of the high hopes we had for 2015 will not eventuate. This is not encouraging, but it's realistic. As usual, Myanmar people will hope for the best but be prepared for the worst—an outlook they have grown accustomed to over generations.

Next year will be crucial for Myanmar with the general election scheduled to be held later in the year. The result, if the election is held as scheduled, will determine whether Myanmar turns a new page or reverts to the status-quo.

We still can't say for sure whether the election will be free and fair. But judging by the current state of political affairs, the people of Myanmar are highly unlikely to see come to fruition what they have dreamt of for decades—a free, prosperous and democratic society.

Today Myanmar is recovering after almost 50 years under one of the world's most repressive regimes which lasted from 1962 until 2011. But it remains in old hands. President U Thein Sein is no longer a general but he was one of the highest ranking members of the former junta. Most of his cabinet members are current or former military officials. In Myanmar's new political order, the military retains its stranglehold over the executive and legislative arms of government.

The international community is convinced that Myanmar is marching toward democracy. But the majority of locals share a different view. For them, the country is travelling toward the "Burmese way to democracy," much like the "Burmese way to Socialism" that the late dictator Gen. Ne Win introduced in the 1960s.

Snr.-Gen Than Shwe, who is the architect of the current reform process, called it "discipline-flourishing democracy." President U Thein Sein, his successor, has evolved the rhetoric to suit international expectations, emphasizing the country's progression towards "democracy." What seems clear in all these conceptions is that the military retains its powerful political position.

The military-drafted, undemocratic 2008 Constitution helps safeguard the military's political preeminence. Any proposed amendments which would undermine their central role will not be achieved without a fight.

Faced with mighty resistance from the establishment, attempts by opposition leader Daw Aung San Suu Kyi and other pro-democracy groups to amend the Constitution over the past three years have been in vain. They are losing the political battle.

The main task of Daw Aung San Suu Kyi and her party, the National League for Democracy (NLD), which won 43 of 44 seats contested in 2012 by-elections, was to amend the Constitution ahead of the 2015 election. Daw Aung San Suu Kyi and her supporters had hoped to amend undemocratic clauses, including article 59(f) which bars her from being president because her two sons are foreigners.

Kyaw Zwa Moe is editor (English Edition) of
the Irrawaddy magazine. He can be reached at kyawzwa@irrawaddy.org.

These hopes now appear all but dashed. In November, lower house speaker Thura Shwe Mann, himself a former powerful military general, stated publicly that constitutional amendments would only be possible after the 2015 election.

In other words, the year 2015 won't see Daw Aung San Suu Kyi become president even if her NLD party wins by a landslide in the election. In that scenario, the opposition leader doesn't seem to have a plan B as to whom else within her party could take the lead. We haven't yet seen any qualified candidate emerge.

Opposition groups in general have never been in a position of ascendancy in this political game with the ex-junta and the current nominally-civilian government. They have all been forced to compete and cooperate within a political framework designed by successive military governments.

Quite simply, at present, the military government is as strong as ever while the opposition remains weak—having been curtailed by the government, the military and the ruling party at every turn.

That's one of the reasons for the international community's policy shifts over recent years. They are convinced that the current power holders constitute the only institutions that can change the country. Many western countries are now working to coax the three key power bases, government, military and parliaments, towards gradual change. It's not exactly an easy task.

Imagine if they can persuade the military to reform itself into a professional force, return to barracks and quit its current roles in Parliament and in the ministries. We can imagine—but clearly this is not the military's aim or intention. A basic principle of the Constitution's first chapter clearly states that the country's abiding objectives include enabling the defense services to participate in national political leadership.

Myanmar's military has never been fit to govern, but the country has had consecutive military leaders since the 1962 coup. If the military returned to the barracks, Myanmar might achieve something like normalcy. But this is unlikely to happen over the next decade.

Meanwhile, under this military-dominated leadership, attaining peace with ethnic armed groups is proving difficult. On Nov. 19, the government's troops fired on an area near the headquarters of the Kachin Independence Army, killing 23 rebel cadets and injuring 20 more in northern Kachin State. Given such a hostile attack, little ameliorated by the army's subsequent apology, the peace process between the government and ethnic armed groups looks set to go nowhere in the near future. For the peace process to work, trust has to be built. At this point, many ethnic leaders do not seem to trust either the military-dominated government or the military itself which has long stifled their desires for autonomy.

President U Thein Sein, leaders of the military and house speakers recently held an unprecedented meeting with Daw Aung San Suu Kyi and a few other political leaders. But the gathering clearly wasn't the dialogue many wanted. Critics saw the meeting as a show-off exercise ahead of US President Barack Obama's second visit in November.

For people on the ground, economic reforms have delivered little so far. Former power structures remain largely intact. Military-owned companies and cronies still monopolize the most lucrative industries. Business concessions are still not transparent.

Still, we have to admit that today Myanmar has more room for all stakeholders than under the former military regime. It is something. At the same time, we know well that the reform process in 2014 no longer looks as promising as hoped. As Daw Aung San Suu Kyi said in early November, "this reform process started stalling early last year.''

Myanmar people do not expect miracles from the reform process that started in 2011. They just want to see gradual, genuine progress toward a democratic and prosperous nation. Such progress was lacking during 2014.

When the people of this country suffered from oppression for decades under the former ruthless military dictatorship, hope was kept alive by the philosophy that everything is impermanent. The unfinished struggle for a just society will carry on in 2015.

 

Kyaw Zwa Moe is the editor of the English-language edition of The Irrawaddy.

This article first appeared in the December issue of The Irrawaddy magazine.

The post The Shape of Things to Come appeared first on The Irrawaddy Magazine.

The Irrawaddy Business Roundup (Dec. 20, 2014)

Posted: 19 Dec 2014 04:00 PM PST

Labor Rights Improve in Burma but Deteriorate in Thailand: Survey

Thailand has suffered one of the world's worst declines in human rights in 2014, especially when it comes to Burmese migrant workers.

An annual survey of 198 countries by business risk analysts Verisk Maplecroft places Thailand in the top ten most "extreme risk" economies—alongside North Korea, Afghanistan, Pakistan and civil-war torn Ukraine.

Burma is also still ranked as an extreme risk but has made improvements and drops out of the worst top ten, the Human Rights Risk Atlas 2015 said.

"Human rights risk remains extreme [in Burma] due to working conditions that fall below regional and international standards," Verisk Maplecroft said. "Nevertheless, [Burma] has demonstrated progress in improving human rights protections. Reflecting a commitment to improve governance and address labor rights violations, the government has been working closely with the International Labour Organization to combat forced labour."

Verisk Maplecroft's separate Political Risk Atlas 2015 has meanwhile taken Burma out of the "extreme risk" category for the first time since 2008, but says that a continuing concern for foreign investors is the military control over the reform process.

The Human Rights Risk Atlas 2015 said it "attributes violations committed by state security forces against opposition groups following the May 2014 military coup as a key driver of Thailand's downgraded position."

An unverified number of legal and illegal economic migrants work in Thailand, estimated by various agencies to be between 2-4 million, and most of them are Burmese. Tens of thousands of Cambodian workers left the country after the coup, alleging harassment by the Army.

British human rights activist Andy Hall faces charges of criminal defamation in Thailand brought by fruit juice exporter Natural Fruit. He wrote a report alleging the firm commits violence against employees, enforces overtime, uses child labor and confiscates Burmese passports to prevent workers leaving.

Hall faces up to seven years imprisonment under Thai law if found guilty.

Surge in Tourist Numbers 'Poses Quality of Service Problems'

The sharp increase in the number of tourists visiting Burma may be undermining the quality of service visitors receive, an industry report said.

The Myanmar Tourism Federation has estimated that 2014 may have hit a record number of 3 million visitors.

But regional tourism industry newspaper TTR Weekly there was signs that the rapid growth in tourism is "having a negative impact on service delivery and causing prices to rise to a level that increased complaints."

Visitor numbers have surged from approximately 300,000 tourists in 2009, putting a strain on sector services, said TTR Weekly.

Tourism has become a major revenue stream, rising from US$534 million generated in the 2011-12 financial year to an expected US$905 million in this current financial year, said the paper.

"The Ministry of Hotels and Tourism is drafting a tourism development plan and tourism is a priority sector in the export strategy of the Ministry of Commerce," TTR Weekly said.

Natural Gas Export Revenues Increase by 22%

National income from natural gas exports has increased by US$585 million in this financial year up to the end of November, Burma's Ministry of Commerce said.

The rise is 22 percent more than for the same period of the 2013-2014 financial year.

Total income from gas exports in the April-November period was US$2.64 billion, said Myanmar Business today quoting ministry figures.

"[Burma] exports its natural gas to neighbouring Thailand and China. Gas exports to Thailand started in 1999, and have since grown to consume 70% of the total production," the report said.

Despite the higher export sales, more gas is being funnelled into domestic use, the ministry said. This includes an increase in the number of roadside stations supplying natural gas vehicles to 45, most of them in Rangoon Division.

There are more than 27,700 registered natural gas-fuelled vehicles in the country, of which 26,835 are based in greater Rangoon, ministry figures showed.

EU Gives Burma US$860 Million to Boost Farming, Health, Education

The European Union has made a grant of 700 million euros (US$860 million) for "initiatives for the benefit of all people".

The money, to be provided in tranches up to 2020, is primarily aimed at improving lives in rural Burma as well as "peace building" processes.

"The EU wants its funding to develop rural areas and support agriculture including improving food supplies, nutrition, while also providing support for education, good governance, and the rule of law," the EU Bulletin said, quoting an unnamed Brussels official.

Brussels said Burma would receive the funding from the end of 2014 to 2020 for efforts to stabilize the country's economy and promote peace agreements between ethnic armed groups and the Burmese government.

Burmese Tourism Firm Plans Thailand Exchange Listing

A Burmese tourism industry company is reportedly planning to list on the Stock Exchange of Thailand (SET).

The listing, to raise funds for expansion, will be possible after new rules for the SET to provide easier access for foreign firms are introduced next February, the Bangkok Post said.

The Burmese firm, which was not named, is being advised by Bangkok-based Twin Pine Consulting, the Post said. It is expected to have a "market capitalisation of 10 billion baht (US$303 million).

"As a firm focusing on capital market development among GMS [Greater Mekong Sub-region] countries, we look for opportunities on cross border fund raising, and [Burma] is in our plan," Twin Pine's Laorpan Wangitthi told The Irrawaddy.

However, the Twin Pine declined to name any Burmese firms.

Relaxation of SET rules for foreign businesses is part of the Thai finance ministry's plans to make Thailand a regional center for fund raising, the Post said.

The post The Irrawaddy Business Roundup (Dec. 20, 2014) appeared first on The Irrawaddy Magazine.

Democratic Voice of Burma

Democratic Voice of Burma


Karen refugee becomes cop in US

Posted: 19 Dec 2014 11:04 PM PST

Saw Lar Htoo has become the first Karen refugee to graduate as a police officer in the United States.

Born in Burma, he fled with his family to a refugee camp along the Thai border when he was three years of age. He spent the next 15 years there.

He and his family took resettlement to the US in 2009 when they moved to St. Paul in Minnesota.

Following high school, the young Karen graduated from Hennepin County Technical College, specialising in law enforcement.

Expressing a strong desire to become a police officer, he joined the training programme at St. Paul's Police Force.

Saw Lar Htoo was all smiles at his graduation ceremony on 18 December. He will now accompany a senior officer in the field for 16 weeks before he takes on crime in Minneapolis.

The post Karen refugee becomes cop in US appeared first on DVB Multimedia Group.

Drug protests spread to Moenyin

Posted: 19 Dec 2014 10:36 PM PST

Local residents of Moenyin in southern Kachin State took to the streets on Saturday morning to protest against local authorities who, they say, have failed to tackle serious drug problems in the area, which is rife with heroin and methamphetamine use.

The demonstration was also targeting the local ethnic people who seem to regard drugs as a pastime rather than a social evil," said Seng Naw, the information officer of the civic group that organised the event.

"Almost every household in this town suffers from some form of drug-related problem," she told DVB on Saturday. "People have turned out in numbers to protest. We can say that the local authorities have taken some action, but not enough."

Drug users in Moenyin are mostly young people, he said, but older people are also prone.

He said organisers had obtained official permission to stage the rally, and estimated that 250 locals would turn up. He said the protestors marched between two of the town's main churches.

Most of the local population in Moenyin are ethnic Shan, though Kachins are also represented.

In October, protestors also took to the streets of Banmauk in Sagaing Division, calling for official measures to tackle rampant drug problems in that region.

Last month, DVB published a controversial video documentary showing some of the shattered lives that have resulted from drug addiction in northern Shan State. *WARNING: graphic images of drug use.

The post Drug protests spread to Moenyin appeared first on DVB Multimedia Group.

Burma listed in Top 10 for jailing journalists

Posted: 19 Dec 2014 09:41 PM PST

The Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ) has identified 220 journalists imprisoned around the world in 2014, a slight increase from the year before.

The Burmese government is currently ranked as the eighth most repressive regime for jailing reporters; with ten media workers listed behind bars, it is surpassed only by China, Iran, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Vietnam, Egypt and Syria.

“The fact that Burma is among the ten worst global jailers of journalists underscores the abrupt reversal of President Thein Sein’s earlier press freedom promises. Reporters in Burma now face the same level of threat they did under the previous military junta,” said Shawn Crispin, the senior Southeast Asia representative for CPJ, speaking to DVB on Friday.

“With ten journalists now languishing behind bars, proponents of the country’s supposed democratic progress should wake up and take notice of the authoritarian reality that still governs the country. The use of anti-state charges to jail journalists has restored the culture of fear and self-censorship that was pervasive under the previous ruling junta.

“If Western governments based their decisions to lift or suspend sanctions on previous progress on press freedom, they should now consider reimposing those punitive measures in response to the jailing of journalists,” he added.

According to the report by the international journalists’ watchdog, on the date of the CPJ census, at least 10 journalists were imprisoned in Burma, officially known as Myanmar, all on anti-state charges.

"In July, five staff members of the Unity weekly news journal were sentenced to 10 years in prison each under the 1923 Official Secrets Act. Rather than reforming draconian and outdated security laws, President Thein Sein's government is using the laws to imprison journalists," the report by CPJ news editor Shazdeh Omari said.

The five were found guilty of exposing state secrets after a January report in Unity alleged the existence of a secret chemical weapons factory in Magwe Division, central Burma.

On 2 October, the regional court reduced the sentences of the five Unity personnel to seven years following an appeal.

In July, more than 50 journalists and their supporters were charged under the Peaceful Assembly and Peaceful Procession Act for participating in an unauthorised demonstration where they taped their mouths and held a vigil outside the government-backed Myanmar Peace Centre in Rangoon.

The charges were later dropped.

In October, five staff members of the now defunct Bi-Mon Te Nay weekly news journal were found guilty of sedition charges and sentenced to two years each.

The five – two editors, one reporter and two publishers – were sentenced under Article 505(b) of the penal code for "defamation of the state" after the journal had published a report in July repeating an activist group's claims that Burmese opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi had teamed up with several ethnic politicians to form an interim government.

The conviction of the ten Unity and Bi-Mon Te Nay journalists prompted a domestic and international outcry, with warnings that the country could be backsliding on promises of press freedom.

While major media reforms, such as the disbandment of Burma's notorious pre-publication censorship board in August 2012, caused a wave of early optimism, disputes over new regulations and an apparent targeting of reporters began to cast doubt on Naypyidaw's commitment to establishing a free media.

According to the CPJ report, 44 journalists languish behind bars in China, a jump from 32 the previous year. Almost half of those jailed are either Tibetan or Uighur.

The increased imprisonment of journalists in China "reflects the pressure that President Xi Jinping has exerted on media, lawyers, dissidents and academics to toe the government line," said CPJ. "In addition to jailing journalists, Beijing has issued restrictive new rules about what can be covered and denied visas to international journalists."

Iran is second worst offender, according to CPJ, although its record continues to improve. Thirty media workers are currently recorded in Iranian prisons, down from 35 in 2013, and a record high of 45 in 2012.

According to international watchdog Reporters Without Borders, 66 journalists were killed around the world in 2014, 15 of who were in Syria. One slain reporter was recorded in Burma – Par Gyi, who was killed by the Burmese army in September under opaque circumstances.

 

The post Burma listed in Top 10 for jailing journalists appeared first on DVB Multimedia Group.

Manau festival will go on despite calls to cancel

Posted: 19 Dec 2014 07:20 PM PST

The chief minister of Kachin State has said the state government will continue to hold its traditional Manau festival despite calls for it to be cancelled from many in the local community.

The Myitkyina-based assembly said it plans to stage celebrations from 5 to 11 January, at the same time marking Kachin State Day.

However, more than 8,000 people have signed a petition asking the chief minister to call off the ceremony due to instability in the region as clashes continue between Burmese government forces and the Kachin Independence Organisation (KIO).

The state Manau Festival Committee met protesters earlier this week when they explained to them the reasons for maintaining the festivities.

According to Gum Jah Naw, a leading protestor and organiser of the petition; "The committee said they would hold the festival because they had distributed invitation letters, and invited embassy representatives and dignitaries from near and far."

The celebration of the Kachin State Day and Manau Dance Festival was not promoted by the Union Government in Naypyidaw but only by state authorities, he said.

Officials in Myitkyina were unavailable for comment.

The last time the Manau festival was held in Kachin State was in 2011. It was halted thereafter when a 17-ceasefire ended between government forces and the KIO.

The post Manau festival will go on despite calls to cancel appeared first on DVB Multimedia Group.

Shan Herald Agency for News

Shan Herald Agency for News


တပ္မ ၇၇ မွ ႏွစ္လေက်ာ္ဖမ္းထားသည့္ နမၼတူေဒသခံ မိသားစုႏွင့္ေတြ႕ခြင့္မရေသး

Posted: 19 Dec 2014 07:57 AM PST

သၽွမ္းျပည္ေျမာက္ပိုင္း နမၼတူၿမိဳ႕နယ္ မိုင္းယင္ေက်းရြာအုပ္စု ရြာသားတဦးအား စကား ေျပာစက္ ကိုင္ေဆာင္မွုျဖင့္ႏွစ္လေက်ာ္ၾကာဖမ္းဆီးေခၚသြားရာ ယေန႔တိုင္ မိသားစုႏွင့္ ေတြ႕ခြင့္မရေသးဘူးဟု မိသားစု အသိုင္းအဝိုင္းကေျပာသည္။



ေက်ာက္မဲခရိုင္ နမၼတူၿမိဳ႕နယ္ မိုင္းယင္ေက်းရြာအုပ္စု ေကာင္းဟုန္းရြာေန စိုင္းထြမ္း အား စကားေျပာ စက္လက္ဝယ္ကိုင္ေဆာင္ထားစဥ္ ဖမ္းမိသျဖင့္  သူပုန္ဟုစြပ္စြဲေျပာဆိုကာ  တပ္မ ၇၇ က ေအာက္တိုဘာလ ၈ ရက္ သီတင္းကၽြတ္လျပည့္ေန႔၌ ဖမ္းဆီးေခၚ ေဆာင္ သြားခဲ့သည္။

စိုင္းထြမ္းအားလည္း ယေန႔တိုင္ မိသားစု ႏွင့္ေတြ႕ခြင့္မေပးေသးသည့္အျပင္ မည္သည့္ ေနရာတြင္ဖမ္းဆီးထိန္းခ်ဳပ္ထားေၾကာင္းလည္း မိသားစုက မသိရေသးေၾကာင္း ေဆြမ်ိဳးေတာ္စပ္ သူတဦးကေျပာသည္။

"က်ေနာ္တို႔လႊတ္ေတာ္အမတ္ဆီသြားတိုင္တယ္။ သူက ရြာသားအားလုံး လက္မွတ္ထိုး ေတာင္းဆိုဖို႔ ေျပာေတာ့ဘယ္သူမွ မထိုးရဲဘူး။ ဒါနဲ႔ဘဲ အခု ႏွစ္လေက်ာ္ေနၿပီ။ စကားေျပာ စက္က မွန္တယ္ သၽွမ္းတပ္က လာေပးသြားတာ။ စကားေျပာစက္ကိုင္တာမွားလား။ စက္ ကိုင္ထားျခင္းအားျဖင့္ ဘယ္စစ္ေၾကာင္းက ဘယ္မွာေနတယ္။ ဘယ္ကိုသြားတယ္ စသျဖင့္ သတင္းေပးရင္ တိုက္ပြဲ ျဖစ္ပြားမွု ထိပ္တိုက္ရင္ဆိုင္မွု ေတြေတာင္ ေလ်ာ့နည္းတယ္။ တိုက္ပြဲမျဖစ္ရင္ရြာသားေတြလဲေကာင္းေကာင္း သြားလာအလုပ္လုပ္ နိုင္ တယ္ေလ" - ဟု ရပ္ရြာအေရးတက္ႂကြလွုပ္ရွားသူလူငယ္ စိုင္းခမ္း ကေျပာ သည္။

စိုင္းထြမ္းသည္ သီတင္းကၽြတ္လျပည့္ေန႔  သစ္သီးဆြမ္းေတာ္ကပ္ရန္ လယ္ေတာမွ အျပန္ အဖမ္းခံရ ျခင္းျဖစ္သည္။

နမၼတူၿမိဳ႕နယ္ မိုင္းယင္ေက်းရြာအုပ္စု က်ားျဖဴပါတီ ဥကၠဌက "  ဒီဇင္ဘာလက ၁ ရက္ေန႔က က်ေနာ္တို႔လူ သီေပါအခ်ဳပ္ခန္းမွာ သူ႔ကိုသြားၾကည့္တယ္။ သူ႔ကို အာမခံထုတ္ဖို႔ သက္ေသေပးခ်က္က မျပည့္စုံေသးဘူးဆိုၿပီး အာဏာပိုင္ေတြဘက္က မလႊတ္ေပးေသးဘူး။ တကယ္ေတာ့ သူက အဖြဲ႕အစည္းက မဟုတ္ပါဘူး။ ဝမ့္ေကာင္းဟုန္းရြာက ေဒသခံ ပေလာင္အမ်ိဳးသားပါ။" ဟု သၽွမ္းသံေတာ္ဆင့္အားေျပာပါသည္။

စိုင္းထြမ္း အသက္ ၅၄ ႏွစ္ သည္ ဇနီး နန္းဆာလူ အသက္ ၄၀ ေက်ာ္၊ သမီးႀကီး ၁၇ ႏွစ္၊ သားႀကီး ၁၂ ႏွစ္ ၊ သားငယ္မွာမူ ၁၀ လေက်ာ္သာရွိေသးသည္ဟု ရြာခံမ်ားကေျပာသည္။

နမၼတူၿမိဳ႕နယ္သည္ သၽွမ္းျပည္တိုးတက္းေရးပါတီ သၽွမ္းျပည္တပ္မေတာ္ SSPP/SSA သြားလာ လွုပ္ရွားရာ နယ္ေျမျဖစ္သည္။ သို႔ေသာ္ထိုတပ္ဖြဲ႕သည္ ျမန္မာအစိုးရ ႏွင့္ ျပည္ေထာင္စု အဆင့္လက္မွတ္ေရးထိုးထားသည့္ တပ္ဖြဲ႕ျဖစ္သည္။